A new method for the model-independent assessment of thickness in three-dimensional images

Hildebrand, T.; Rüegsegger, P.

Year	Entry
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2002	Müller R. The Zürich experience: one decade of three-dimensional high-resolution computed tomography. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2002;13(5):307-322.
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2000	Ding M. Age variations in the properties of human tibial trabecular bone and cartilage. Acta Orthop Scand. 2000;71(suppl 292):1-45.
2001	Fajardo RJ, Müller R. Three‐dimensional analysis of nonhuman primate trabecular architecture using micro‐computed tomography. Am J Phys Anthropol. 2001;115(4):327-336.
2004	Duvall CL, Taylor WR, Weiss D, Guldberg RE. Quantitative microcomputed tomography analysis of collateral vessel development after ischemic injury. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. July 2004;287(1):H302-H310.
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2006	Boyd SK, Moser S, Kuhn M, Klinck RJ, Krauze PL, Müller R, Gasser JA. Evaluation of three-dimensional image registration methodologies for in vivo micro-computed tomography. Ann Biomed Eng. October 2006;34(10):1587-1599.
2007	Burghardt AJ, Kazakia GJ, Majumdar S. A local adaptive threshold strategy for high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography of trabecular bone. Ann Biomed Eng. October 2007;235(10):1678-1686.
2014	Birkhold AI, Razi H, Duda GN, Weinkamer R, Checa S, Willie BM. The influence of age on adaptive bone formation and bone resorption. Biomaterials. November 2014;35(34):9290-9301.
2015	Varga P, Hesse B, Langer M, Schrof S, Männicke N, Suhonen H, Pacureanu A, Pahr D, Peyrin F, Raum K. Synchrotron X-ray phase nano-tomography-based analysis of the lacunar–canalicular network morphology and its relation to the strains experienced by osteocytes in situ as predicted by case-specific finite element analysis. Biomech Model Mechanobiol. April 2015;14(2):267-282.
1998	Müller R, Van Campenhout H, Van Damme B, Van der Perre G, Dequeker J, Hildebrand T, Rüegsegger P. Morphometric analysis of human bone biopsies: a quantitative structural comparison of histological sections and micro-computed tomography. Bone. July 1998;23(1):59-66.
1999	Laib A, Rüegsegger P. Calibration of trabecular bone structure measurements of in vivo three-dimensional peripheral quantitative computed tomography with 28-μm-resolution microcomputed tomography. Bone. January 1999;24(1):35-39.
1999	Ulrich D, van Rietbergen B, Laib A, Rüegsegger P. The ability of three-dimensional structural indices to reflect mechanical aspects of trabecular bone. Bone. 1999;25(1):55-60.
2000	Ding M, Hvid I. Quantification of age-related changes in the structure model type and trabecular thickness of human tibial cancellous bone. Bone. March 2000;26(3):291-295.
2000	Day JS, Ding M, Odgaard A, Sumner DR, Hvid I, Weinans H. Parallel plate model for trabecular bone exhibits volume fraction-dependent bias. Bone. November 2000;27(5):715-720.
2002	Ito M, Nishida A, Nakamura T, Uetani M, Hayashi K. Differences of three-dimensional trabecular microstructure in osteopenic rat models caused by ovariectomy and neurectomy. Bone. April 2002;30(4):594-598.
2002	Thomsen JS, Ebbesen EN, Mosekilde L. Age-related differences between thinning of horizontal and vertical trabeculae in human lumbar bone as assessed by a new computerized method. Bone. July 2002;31(1):136-142.
2002	Ito M, Nishida A, Koga A, Ikeda S, Shiraishi A, Uetani M, Hayashi K, Nakamura T. Contribution of trabecular and cortical components to the mechanical properties of bone and their regulating parameters. Bone. September 2002;31(3):351-358.
2002	Hu JH, Ding M, Søballe K, Bechtold JE, Danielsen CC, Day JS, Hvid I. Effects of short-term alendronate treatment on the three-dimensional microstructural, physical, and mechanical properties of dog trabecular bone. Bone. November 2002;31(5):591-597.
2007	Hulme PA, Boyd SK, Ferguson SJ. Regional variation in vertebral bone morphology and its contribution to vertebral fracture strength. Bone. December 2007;41(6):946-957.
2004	Waarsing JH, Day JS, van der Linden JC, Ederveen AG, Spanjers C, De Clerck N, Sasov A, Verhaar JAN, Weinans H. Detecting and tracking local changes in the tibiae of individual rats: a novel method to analyse longitudinal in vivo micro-ct data. Bone. January 2004;34(1):163-169.
2004	Homminga J, Van-Rietbergen B, Lochmüller EM, Weinans H, Eckstein F, Huiskes R. The osteoporotic vertebral structure is well adapted to the loads of daily life, but not to infrequent “error” loads. Bone. March 2004;34(3):510-516.
2004	Borah B, Dufresne TE, Chmielewski PA, Johnson TD, Chines A, Manhart MD. Risedronate preserves bone architecture in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis as measured by three-dimensional microcomputed tomography. Bone. April 2004;34(4):736-746.
2005	Fritton JC, Myers ER, Wright TM, van der Meulen MCH. Loading induces site-specific increases in mineral content assessed by microcomputed tomography of the mouse tibia. Bone. June 2005;36(6):1030-1038.
2006	Stauber M, Müller R. Volumetric spatial decomposition of trabecular bone into rods and plates: a new method for local bone morphometry. Bone. 2006;38(4):475-484.
2006	van der Meulen MCH, Morgan TG, Yang X, Baldini TH, Myers ER, Wright TM, Bostrom MPG. Cancellous bone adaptation to in vivo loading in a rabbit model. Bone. June 2006;38(6):871-877.
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2006	van Lenthe GH, Stauber M, Müller R. Specimen-specific beam models for fast and accurate prediction of human trabecular bone mechanical properties. Bone. December 2006;39(6):1182-1189.
2007	Sran MM, Boyd SK, Cooper DML, Khan KM, Zernicke RF, Oxland TR. Regional trabecular morphology assessed by micro-CT is correlated with failure of aged thoracic vertebrae under a posteroanterior load and may determine the site of fracture. Bone. March 2007;40(3):751-757.
2007	Perilli E, Baleani M, Öhman C, Baruffaldi F, Viceconti M. Structural parameters and mechanical strength of cancellous bone in the femoral head in osteoarthritis do not depend on age. Bone. November 2007;41(5):760-768.
2008	Chappard C, Marchadier A, Benhamou CL. Side-to-side and within-side variability of 3D bone microarchitecture by conventional micro-computed tomography of paired iliac crest biopsies. Bone. July 2008;43(1):203-208.
2008	Chen H, Zhou X, Washimi Y, Shoumura S. Three-dimensional microstructure of the bone in a hamster model of senile osteoporosis. Bone. September 2008;43(3):494-500.
2009	Voide R, Schneider P, Stauber M, Wyss P, Stampanoni M, Sennhauser U, van Lenthe GH, Müller R. Time-lapsed assessment of microcrack initiation and propagation in murine cortical bone at submicrometer resolution. Bone. August 2009;45(2):164-173.
2010	Lievers WB, Petryshyn AC, Poljsak AS, Waldman SD, Pilkey AK. Specimen diameter and “side artifacts” in cancellous bone evaluated using end-constrained elastic tension. Bone. August 2010;47(2):371-377.
2010	Burghardt AJ, Buie HR, Laib A, Majumdar S, Boyd SK. Reproducibility of direct quantitative measures of cortical bone microarchitecture of the distal radius and tibia by HR-pQCT. Bone. September 2010;47(3):519-528.
2010	Schneider P, Meier M, Wepf R, Müller R. Towards quantitative 3d imaging of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network. Bone. November 2010;47(5):848-858.
2010	Doube M, Kłosowski MM, Arganda-Carreras I, Cordelières FP, Dougherty RP, Jackson JS, Schmid B, Hutchinson JR, Shefelbine SJ. BoneJ: free and extensible bone image analysis in ImageJ. Bone. December 2010;47(6):1076-1079.
2011	Boyd SK, Szabo E, Ammann P. Increased bone strength is associated with improved bone microarchitecture in intact female rats treated with strontium ranelate: a finite element analysis study. Bone. May 2011;48(5):1109-1116.
2011	Voide R, Schneider P, Stauber M, van Lenthe GH, Stampanoni M, Müller R. The importance of murine cortical bone microstructure for microcrack initiation and propagation. Bone. December 2011;49(6):1186-1193.
2013	Thomsen JS, Niklassen AS, Ebbesen EN, Brüel A. Age-related changes of vertical and horizontal lumbar vertebral trabecular 3D bone microstructure is different in women and men. Bone. November 2013;57(1):47-55.
2015	Manske SL, Zhu Y, Sandino C, Boyd SK. Human trabecular bone microarchitecture can be assessed independently of density with second generation HR-pQCT. Bone. October 2015;79:213-221.
2020	Andreasen CM, Bakalova LP, Brüel A, Hauge EM, Kiil BJ, Delaisse J-M, Kersh ME, Thomsen JS, Andersen TL. The generation of enlarged eroded pores upon existing intracortical canals is a major contributor to endocortical trabecularization. Bone. January 2020;130:115127.
2020	Iori G, Schneider J, Reisinger A, Heyer F, Peralta L, Wyers C, Glüer CC, van den Bergh JP, Pahr D, Raum K. Cortical thinning and accumulation of large cortical pores in the tibia reflect local structural deterioration of the femoral neck. Bone. August 2020;137:115446.
2021	Mys K, Varga P, Stockmans F, Gueorguiev B, Wyers CE, van den Bergh JPW, van Lenthe GH. Quantification of 3D microstructural parameters of trabecular bone is affected by the analysis software. Bone. January 2021;142:115653.
2021	Chiba K, Yamada S, Yoda I, Era M, Yokota K, Okazaki N, Ota S, Isobe Y, Miyazaki S, Tashiro S, Nakashima S, Morimoto S, Sato S, Tsukazaki T, Watanabe T, Enomoto H, Yabe Y, Yonekura A, Tomita M, Ito M, Osaki M. Effects of monthly intravenous ibandronate on bone mineral density and microstructure in patients with primary osteoporosis after teriparatide treatment: the MONUMENT study. Bone. March 2021;144:115770.
2021	Adanty K, Rabey KN, Doschak MR, Bhagavathula KB, Hogan JD, Romanyk DL, Adeeb S, Ouellet S, Plaisted TA, Satapathy SS, Dennison CR. Cortical and trabecular morphometric properties of the human calvarium. Bone. July 2021;148:115931.
2022	Mys K, Stockmans F, Gueorguiev B, Wyers CE, van den Bergh JP, van Lenthe GH, Varga P. Adaptive local thresholding can enhance the accuracy of HR-pQCT-based trabecular bone morphology assessment. Bone. January 2022;154:116225.
2022	Doi M, Chiba K, Okazaki N, Kondo C, Yamada S, Yokota K, Yonekura A, Tomita M, Osaki M. Bone microstructure in healthy men measured by HR-pQCT: age-related changes and their relationships with DXA parameters and biochemical markers. Bone. January 2022;154:116252.
2022	Chiba K, Okazaki N, Kurogi A, Watanabe T, Mori A, Suzuki N, Adachi K, Era M, Yokota K, Inoue T, Yabe Y, Furukawa K, Kondo C, Tsuda K, Ota S, Isobe Y, Miyazaki S, Morimoto S, Sato S, Nakashima S, Tashiro S, Yonekura A, Tomita M, Osaki M. Randomized controlled trial of daily teriparatide, weekly high-dose teriparatide, or bisphosphonate in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis: the TERABIT study. Bone. July 2022;160:116416.
2020	Steiner L, Synek A, Pahr DH. Comparison of different microCT-based morphology assessment tools using human trabecular bone. Bone Rep. June 2020;12:100261.
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2008	Burghardt AJ, Kazakia GJ, Laib A, Majumdar S. Quantitative assessment of bone tissue mineralization with polychromatic micro-computed tomography. Calcif Tiss Int. 2008;83(2):129-138.
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1997	Hildebrand T, Rüegsegger P. Quantification of bone microarchitecture with the structure model index. Comput Methods Prog Biomed. 1997;1(1):15-23.
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2019	Palepu V, Rayaprolu SD, Nagaraja S. Differences in trabecular bone, cortical shell, and endplate microstructure across the lumbar spine. Int J Spine Surg. 2019;13(4):361-370.
2012	Skedros JG, Knight AN, Farnsworth RW, Bloebaum RD. Do regional modifications in tissue mineral content and microscopic mineralization heterogeneity adapt trabecular bone tracts for habitual bending? analysis in the context of trabecular architecture of deer calcanei. J Anat. March 2012;220(3):242-255.
2019	Georgiou L, Kivell TL, Pahr DH, Buck LT, Skinner MM. Trabecular architecture of the great ape and human femoral head. J Anat. May 2019;234(5):679-693.
2005	Mittra E, Rubin C, Qin Y-X. Interrelationship of trabecular mechanical and microstructural properties in sheep trabecular bone. J Biomech. June 2005;38(6):1229-1237.
2008	Mittra E, Rubin C, Gruber B, Qin Y-X. Evaluation of trabecular mechanical and microstructural properties in human calcaneal bone of advanced age using mechanical testing, μCT, and DXA. J Biomech. 2008;41(2):368-375.
2009	Mc Donnell P, Harrison N, Liebschner MAK, Mc Hugh PE. Simulation of vertebral trabecular bone loss using voxel finite element analysis. J Biomech. 2009;42(16):2789-2796.
2010	Tassani S, Öhman C, Baleani M, Baruffaldi F, Viceconti M. Anisotropy and inhomogeneity of the trabecular structure can describe the mechanical strength of osteoarthritic cancellous bone. J Biomech. April 19, 2010;43(6):1160-1166.
2011	Wolfram U, Wilke H-J, Zysset PK. Damage accumulation in vertebral trabecular bone depends on loading mode and direction. J Biomech. April 7, 2011;44(7):1164-1169.
2011	Vanderoost J, Jaecques SVN, Perre GVd, Boonen S, D'hooge J, Lauriks W, Lenthe GHv. Fast and accurate specimen-specific simulation of trabecular bone elastic modulus using novel beam–shell finite element models. J Biomech. May 17, 2011;44(8):1566-1572.
2002	Ding M, Odgaard A, Danielsen CC, Hvid I. Mutual associations among microstructural, physical and mechanical properties of human cancellous bone. J Bone Joint Surg. August 2002;84B(6):900-907.
2008	Chappard C, Marchadier A, Benhamou L. Interindividual and intraspecimen variability of 3-D bone microarchitectural parameters in iliac crest biopsies imaged by conventional micro-computed tomography. J Bone Min Metab. 2008;26(5):506-513.
1999	Hildebrand T, Laib A, Müller R, Dequeker J, Rüegsegger P. Direct three-dimensional morphometric analysis of human cancellous bone: microstructural data from spine, femur, iliac crest, and calcaneus. J Bone Miner Res. July 1999;14(7):1167-1174.
2001	van der Linden JC, Homminga J, Verhaar JAN, Weinans H. Mechanical consequences of bone loss in cancellous bone. J Bone Miner Res. March 2001;16(3):457-465.
2001	Dempster DW, Cosman F, Kurland ES, Zhou H, Nieves J, Woelfert L, Shane E, Plavetić K, Müller R, Bilezikian J, Lindsay R. Effects of daily treatment with parathyroid hormone on bone microarchitecture and turnover in patients with osteoporosis: a paired biopsy study. J Bone Miner Res. October 2001;16(10):1846-1853.
2001	Nicholson PHF, Müller R, Cheng XG, Rüegsegger P, Van Der Perre G, Dequeker J, Boonen S. Quantitative ultrasound and trabecular architecture in the human calcaneus. J Bone Miner Res. October 2001;16(10):1886-1892.
2002	Halloran BP, Ferguson VL, Simske SJ, Burghardt A, Venton LL, Majumdar S. Changes in bone structure and mass with advancing age in the male C57BL/6J mouse. J Bone Miner Res. June 2002;17(6):1044-1050.
2002	Borah B, Dufresne TE, Chmielewski PA, Gross GJ, Prenger MC, Phipps RJ. Risedronate preserves trabecular architecture and increases bone strength in vertebra of ovariectomized minipigs as measured by three‐dimensional microcomputed tomography. J Bone Miner Res. July 2002;17(7):1139-1147.
2002	Nuzzo S, Lafage‐Proust MH, Martin‐Badosa E, Boivin G, Thomas T, Alexandre C, Peyrin F. Synchrotron radiation microtomography allows the analysis of three‐dimensional microarchitecture and degree of mineralization of human iliac crest biopsy specimens: effects of etidronate treatment. J Bone Miner Res. August 2002;17(8):1372-1382.
2003	David V, Laroche N, Boudignon B, Lafage‐Proust M, Alexandre C, Ruegsegger P, Vico L. Noninvasive in vivo monitoring of bone architecture alterations in hindlimb‐unloaded female rats using novel three‐dimensional microcomputed tomography. J Bone Miner Res. September 2003;18(9):1622-1631.
2004	Bousson V, Peyrin F, Bergot C, Hausard M, Sautet A, Laredo J. Cortical bone in the human femoral neck: three‐dimensional appearance and porosity using synchrotron radiation. J Bone Miner Res. May 2004;19(5):794-801.
2004	Waarsing JH, Day JS, Weinans H. An improved segmentation method for in vivo μCT imaging. J Bone Miner Res. 2004;19(10):1640-1650.
2005	Bouxsein ML, Myers KS, Shultz KL, Donahue LR, Rosen CJ, Beamer WG. Ovariectomy‐induced bone loss varies among inbred strains of mice. J Bone Miner Res. July 2005;20(7):1085-1092.
2005	Ito M, Ikeda K, Nishiguchi M, Shindo H, Uetani M, Hosoi T, Orimo H. Multi‐detector row CT imaging of vertebral microstructure for evaluation of fracture risk. J Bone Miner Res. October 2005;20(10):1828-1836.
2006	Stauber M, Rapillard L, van Lenthe GH, Zysset P, Müller R. Importance of individual rods and plates in the assessment of bone quality and their contribution to bone stiffness. J Bone Miner Res. April 2006;21(4):586-595.
2006	Liu XS, Sajda P, Saha PK, Wehrli FW, Guo XE. Quantification of the roles of trabecular microarchitecture and trabecular type in determining the elastic modulus of human trabecular bone. J Bone Miner Res. October 2006;21(10):1608-1617.
2007	Glatt V, Canalis E, Stadmeyer L, Bouxsein ML. Age‐related changes in trabecular architecture differ in female and male C57BL/6J mice. J Bone Miner Res. August 2007;22(8):1197-1207.
2007	Badiei A, Bottema MJ, Fazzalari NL. Influence of orthogonal overload on human vertebral trabecular bone mechanical properties. J Bone Miner Res. 2007;22(11):1690-1699.
2008	Recker RR, Delmas PD, Halse J, Reid IR, Boonen S, García-Hernandez PA, Supronik J, Lewiecki EM, Ochoa L, Miller P, Hu H, Mesenbrink P, Hartl F, Gasser J, Eriksen EF. Effects of intravenous zoledronic acid once yearly on bone remodeling and bone structure. J Bone Miner Res. January 2008;23(1):6-16.
2008	Liu XS, Sajda P, Saha PK, Wehrli FW, Bevill G, Keaveny TM, Guo XE. Complete volumetric decomposition of individual trabecular plates and rods and its morphological correlations with anisotropic elastic moduli in human trabecular bone. J Bone Miner Res. February 2008;23(2):223-235.
2008	Kazakia GJ, Hyun B, Burghardt AJ, Krug R, Newitt DC, de Papp AE, Link TM, Majumdar S. In vivo determination of bone structure in postmenopausal women: a comparison of MR‐pQCT and high‐field MR imaging. J Bone Miner Res. 2008;23(4):463-474.
2008	Fritton JC, Myers ER, Wright TM, van der Meulen MCH. Bone mass is preserved and cancellous architecture altered due to cyclic loading of the mouse tibia after orchidectomy. J Bone Miner Res. May 2008;23(5):663-671.
2008	Arlot ME, Burt‐Pichat B, Roux J, Vashishth D, Bouxsein ML, Delmas PD. Microarchitecture influences microdamage accumulation in human vertebral trabecular bone. J Bone Miner Res. 2008;23(10):1613-1618.
2008	Buie HR, Moore CP, Boyd SK. Postpubertal architectural developmental patterns differ between the l3 vertebra and proximal tibia in three inbred strains of mice. J Bone Miner Res. 2008;23(12):2048-2059.
2010	Liu XS, Zhang XH, Sekhon KK, Adams MF, McMahon DJ, Bilezikian JP, Shane E, Guo XE. High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography can assess microstructural and mechanical properties of human distal tibial bone. J Bone Miner Res. April 2010;25(4):746-756.
2010	Nishiyama KK, Macdonald HM, Buie HR, Hanley DA, Boyd SK. Postmenopausal women with osteopenia have higher cortical porosity and thinner cortices at the distal radius and tibia than women with normal aBMD: an in vivo HR-pQCT study. J Bone Miner Res. April 2010;25(4):882-890.
2010	Bouxsein ML, Boyd SK, Christiansen BA, Guldberg RE, Jepsen KJ, Müller R. Guidelines for assessment of bone microstructure in rodents using micro-computed tomography. J Bone Miner Res. July 2010;25(7):1468-1486.
2010	Liu XS, Cohen A, Shane E, Yin PT, Stein EM, Rogers H, Kokolus SL, McMahon DJ, Lappe JM, Recker RR, Lang T, Guo XE. Bone density, geometry, microstructure, and stiffness: relationships between peripheral and central skeletal sites assessed by DXA, HR‐pQCT, and cQCT in premenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res. October 2010;25(10):2229-2238.
2010	Wegrzyn J, Roux J, Arlot ME, Boutroy S, Vilayphiou N, Guyen O, Delmas PD, Chapurlat R, Bouxsein ML. Role of trabecular microarchitecture and its heterogeneity parameters in the mechanical behavior of ex vivo human L3 vertebrae. J Bone Miner Res. November 2010;25(11):2324-2331.
2010	Burghardt AJ, Kazakia GJ, Sode M, de Papp AE, Link TM, Majumdar S. A longitudinal HR-pQCT study of alendronate treatment in postmenopausal women with low bone density: relations among density, cortical and trabecular microarchitecture, biomechanics, and bone turnover. J Bone Miner Res. December 2010;25(12):2558-2571.
2010	Stein EM, Liu XS, Nickolas TL, Cohen A, Thomas V, McMahon DJ, Zhang C, Yin PT, Cosman F, Nieves J, Guo XE, Shane E. Abnormal microarchitecture and reduced stiffness at the radius and tibia in postmenopausal women with fractures. J Bone Miner Res. December 2010;25(12):2572-2581.
2011	Macdonald HM, Nishiyama KK, Kang J, Hanley DA, Boyd SK. Age‐related patterns of trabecular and cortical bone loss differ between sexes and skeletal sites: a population‐based HT‐pQCT study. J Bone Miner Res. January 2011;26(1):50-62.
2013	Patsch JM, Burghardt AJ, Yap SP, Baum T, Schwartz AV, Joseph GB, Link TM. Increased cortical porosity in type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women with fragility fractures. J Bone Miner Res. February 2013;28(2):313-324.
2013	Nickolas TL, Stein EM, Dworakowski E, Nishiyama KK, Komandah-Kosseh M, Zhang CA, McMahon DJ, Liu XS, Boutroy S, Cremers S, Shane E. Rapid cortical bone loss in patients with chronic kidney disease. J Bone Miner Res. August 2013;28(8):1811-1820.
2015	Hesse B, Varga P, Langer M, Pacureanu A, Schrof S, Männicke N, Suhonen H, Maurer P, Cloetens P, Peyrin F, Raum K. Canalicular network morphology is the major determinant of the spatial distribution of mass density in human bone tissue: evidence by means of synchrotron radiation phase-contrast nano-CT. J Bone Miner Res. 2015;30(2):346-356.
2015	Maquer G, Musy SN, Wandel J, Gross T, Zysset PK. Bone volume fraction and fabric anisotropy are better determinants of trabecular bone stiffness than other morphological variables. J Bone Miner Res. June 2015;30(6):1000-1008.
2017	Nilsson AG, Sundh D, Johansson L, Nilsson M, Mellström D, Rudäng R, Zoulakis M, Wallander M, Darelid A, Lorentzon M. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with better bone microarchitecture but lower bone material strength and poorer physical function in elderly women: a population‐based study. J Bone Miner Res. May 2017;32(5):1062-1071.
2017	Manske SL, Davison EM, Burt LA, Raymond DA, Boyd SK. The estimation of second-generation HR-pQCT from first-generation -pQCT using in vivo cross-calibration. J Bone Miner Res. July 2017;32(7):1514-1524.
2020	Yu F, Xu Y, Hou Y, Lin Y, Jiajue R, Jiang Y, Wang O, Li M, Xing X, Zhang L, Qin L, Hsieh E, Xia W. Age‐, site‐, and sex‐specific normative centile curves for HR‐pQCT‐derived microarchitectural and bone strength parameters in a Chinese mainland population. J Bone Miner Res. November 2020;35(11):2159-2170.
2008	Boyd SK. Site-specific variation of bone micro-architecture in the distal radius and tibia. J Clin Densitom. July–September 2008;11(3):424-430.
2010	Burghardt AJ, Issever AS, Schwartz AV, Davis KA, Masharani U, Majumdar S, Link TM. High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomographic imaging of cortical and trabecular bone microarchitecture in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(11):5045-5055.
2002	Ryan TM, Ketcham RA. Femoral head trabecular bone structure in two omomyid primates. J Hum Evol. August 2002;43(2):241-263.
2000	Pothuaud L, Porion P, Lespessailles E, Benhamou CL, Levitz P. A new method for three-dimensional skeleton graph analysis of porous media: application to trabecular bone microarchitecture. J Microsc (Oxford). August 2000;199(pt 2):149-161.
2004	Ketcham RA, Ryan TM. Quantification and visualization of anisotropy in trabecular bone. J Microsc (Oxford). February 2004;213(2):158-171.
2005	Thomsen JS, Laib A, Koller B, Prohaska S, Mosekilde L, Gowin W. Stereological measures of trabecular bone structure: comparison of 3D micro computed tomography with 2D histological sections in human proximal tibial bone biopsies. J Microsc (Oxford). 2005;218(2):171-179.
2007	Perilli E, Baruffaldi F, Visentin M, Bordini B, Traina F, Cappello A, Viceconti M. MicroCT examination of human bone specimens: effects of polymethylmethacrylate embedding on structural parameters. J Microsc (Oxford). 2007;225(pt 2):192-200.
2003	Issever AS, Burghardt A, Patel V, Laib A, Lu Y, Ries M, Majumdar S. A micro-computed tomography study of the trabecular bone structure in the femoral head. J Musculoskel Neuron Interact. 2003;3(2):176-184.
2007	Furman BD, Strand J, Hembree WC, Ward BD, Guilak F, Olson SA. Joint degeneration following closed intraarticular fracture in the mouse knee: a model of posttraumatic arthritis. J Orthop Res. May 2007;25(5):578-592.
2020	Peters J, Vest L, Schuelke M, Zustiak SP, Hall AF, McBride‐Gagyi S. MicroCT vascular network analysis program: development, validation, and comparison to manufacturer software. J Orthop Res. June 2020;38(6):1340-1350.
2021	Ding M, Overgaard S. 3-D microarchitectural properties and rod- and plate-like trabecular morphometric properties of femur head cancellous bones in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis. J Orthop Translat. May 2021;28:159-168.
2020	Ryan MK, Oliviero S, Costa MC, Wilkinson JM, Dall’Ara E. Heterogeneous strain distribution in the subchondral bone of human osteoarthritic femoral heads, measured with digital volume correlation. Materials. 2020;13(20):4619.
2000	Laib A, Barou O, Vico L, Lafage-Proust MH, Alexandre C, Rügsegger P. 3D micro-computed tomography of trabecular and cortical bone architecture with application to a rat model of immobilisation osteoporosis. Med Biol Eng Comput. May 2000;38(3):326-332.
2007	MacNeil JA, Boyd SK. Accuracy of high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography for measurement of bone quality. Med Eng Phys. December 2007;29(10):1096-1105.
2011	Yan Y-B, Qi W, Wang J, Liu L-F, Teo E-C, Tianxia Q, Ba J-j, Lei W. Relationship between architectural parameters and sample volume of human cancellous bone in micro-CT scanning. Med Eng Phys. July 2011;33(6):764-769.
2013	Buie HR, Bosma NA, Downey CM, Jirik FR, Boyd SK. Micro-CT evaluation of bone defects: applications to osteolytic bone metastases, bone cysts, and fracture. Med Eng Phys. November 2013;35(11):1645-1650.
2008	Kazakia GJ, Burghardt AJ, Cheung S, Majumdar S. Assessment of bone tissue mineralization by conventional x-ray microcomputed tomography: comparison with synchrotron radiation microcomputed tomography and ash measurements. Med Phys. 2008;35(7):3170-3179.
2009	Vasilić B, Rajapakse CS, Wehrli FW. Classification of trabeculae into three‐dimensional rodlike and platelike structures via local inertial anisotropy. Med Phys. July 2009;36(7):3280-3291.
2012	Tjong W, Kazakia GJ, Burghardt AJ, Majumdar S. The effect of voxel size on high-resolution peripheral computed tomography measurements of trabecular and cortical bone microstructure. Med Phys. April 2012;39(4):1893-1903.
2019	Peña‐Solórzano CA, Albrecht DW, Paganin DM, Harris PC, Hall CJ, Bassed RB, Dimmock MR. Development of a simple numerical model for trabecular bone structures. Med Phys. April 2019;46(4):1766-1776.
2010	Buie HR, Boyd SK. Reduced bone mass accrual in swim-trained prepubertal mice. Med Sci Sports Exer. 2010;42(10):1834-1842.
2001	Laib A, Kumer JL, Majumdar S, Lane NE. The temporal changes of trabecular architecture in ovariectomized rats assessed by MicroCT. Osteoporos Int. November 2001;12(11):936-941.
2002	Laib A, Newitt DC, Lu Y, Majumdar S. New model-independent measures of trabecular bone structure applied to in vivo high-resolution MR images. Osteoporos Int. January 2002;13(2):130-136.
2002	Lane NE, Kumer JL, Majumdar S, Khan M, Lotz J, Stevens RE, Klein R, Phelps KV. The effects of synthetic conjugated estrogens, a (cenestin) on trabecular bone structure and strength in the ovariectomized rat model. Osteoporos Int. October 2002;13(10):816-823.
2005	Ito M, Nishida A, Aoyagi K, Uetani M, Hayashi K, Kawase M. Effects of risedronate on trabecular microstructure and biomechanical properties in ovariectomized rat tibia. Osteoporos Int. 2005;16(9):1042-1048.
2006	Stauber M, Müller R. Age-related changes in trabecular bone microstructures: global and local morphometry. Osteoporos Int. April 2006;17(4):616-626.
2008	Campbell GM, Buie HR, Boyd SK. Signs of irreversible architectural changes occur early in the development of experimental osteoporosis as assessed by in vivo micro-CT. Osteoporos Int. October 2008;19(10):1409-1419.
2010	Chen H, Zhou X, Shoumura S, Emura S, Bunai Y. Age- and gender-dependent changes in three-dimensional microstructure of cortical and trabecular bone at the human femoral neck. Osteoporos Int. April 2010;21(4):627-636.
2014	Kawalilak CE, Johnston JD, Olszynski WP, Kontulainen SA. Characterizing microarchitectural changes at the distal radius and tibia in postmenopausal women using HR-pQCT. Osteoporos Int. August 2014;25(8):2057-2066.
2015	Thomsen JS, Jensen MV, Niklassen AS, Ebbesen EN, Brüel A. Age-related changes in vertebral and iliac crest 3D bone microstructure: differences and similarities. Osteoporos Int. January 2015;26(1):219-228.
2017	Bonaretti S, Majumdar S, Lang TF, Khosla S, Burghardt AJ. The comparability of HR-pQCT bone measurements is improved by scanning anatomically standardized regions. Osteoporos Int. July 2017;28(7):2115-2128.
2021	Du J, Hartley C, Brooke-Wavell K, Paggiosi MA, Walsh JS, Li S, Silberschmidt VV. High-impact exercise stimulated localised adaptation of microarchitecture across distal tibia in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int. May 2021;32(5):907-919.
2006	Sierpowska J, Hakulinen MA, Töyräs J, Day JS, Weinans H, Kiviranta I, Jurvelin JS, Lappalainen R. Interrelationships between electrical properties and microstructure of human trabecular bone. Phys Med Biol. 2006;51(20):5289-5303.
2012	Downey CM, Singla AK, Villemaire ML, Buie HR, Boyd SK, Jirik FR. Quantitative ex-vivo micro-computed tomographic imaging of blood vessels and necrotic regions within tumors. PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e41685.
2011	Doube M, Kłosowski MM, Wiktorowicz-Conroy AM, Hutchinson JR, Shefelbine SJ. Trabecular bone scales allometrically in mammals and birds. Proc R Soc B. October 22, 2011;278(1721):3067-3073.
1998	Laib A, Häuselmann HJ, Rüegsegger P. In vivo high resolution 3D-QCT of the human forearm. Technol Health Care. 1998;6(5-6):329-337.
1998	Peyrin F, Salome M, Cloetens P, Laval-Jeantet AM, Ritman E, Rüegsegger P. Micro-ct examinations of trabecular bone samples at different resolutions: 14, 7 and 2 micron level. Technol Health Care. 1998;6(5-6):391-401.
2020	Aggleton J. First-Hand Experience: A Methodology for Exploring Bone Architecture [PhD thesis]. Bristol, UK: University of Bristol; January 2020.
2016	Guang Y. Characterization of Bone and Bone Marrow Lesions in the Osteoarthritic Hip [Master's thesis]. Boston University; 2016.
2017	Saers JPP. Ontogeny and Functional Adaptation of Trabecular Bone in the Human Foot [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, UK: University of Cambridge; July 2017.
2011	Cotter MM. Gross Morphology, Microarchitecture, Strength and Evolution of the Hominoid Vertebral Body [PhD thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; May 2011.
2018	Seek TW. Exploration of Unique Porous Bone Materials for Candidacy in Bioinspired Material Design [Master's thesis]. Colorado State University; Spring 2018.
2007	Liu XS. High-Resolution Image Based Micro-Mechanical Modeling of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2007.
2010	Zhang XH. High Resolution Imaging Based Patient Specific Biomechanical Assessment of Bone Quality [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2010.
2006	Fritton JC. Mechanical Loading Induced Adaptation of the Mouse Tibia [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; January 2006.
2007	Cole JH. The Role of Architecture and Tissue Properties in the Structural Integrity of Human Vertebral Cancellous Bone [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; May 2007.
2004	İnceoğlu S. Failure of Pedicle Screw-Bone Interface: Biomechanics of Pedicle Screw Insertion and Pullout [PhD thesis]. Cleveland State University; December 2004.
2007	Boyd LM. Effects of a Genetic Mutation in Type IX Collagen on Morphology and Metabolism in a Murine Model of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2007.
2011	Donaldson FE. On Incorporating Bone Microstructure in Macro-Finite-Element Models [PhD thesis]. Edinburgh, UK: University of Edinburgh; March 2011.
2016	Harasymowicz N. The Role of Severe Obesity in Osteoarthritis [PhD thesis]. Edinburgh, Scotland: University of Edinburgh; June 2016.
2005	Day JS. Bone Quality: The Mechanical Effects of Microarchitecture and Matrix Properties [PhD thesis]. Erasmus University Rotterdam; 2005.
1999	Laib A. Microarchitecture of the Human Radius Assessed With High Resolution in Vivo 3D-QCT [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 1999.
2005	Stauber M. Volumetric Spatial Decomposition of Porous Microstructures: A Framework for Element Based Analysis of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 2005.
2007	Kohler T. A Service-Oriented Platform for Visualization and High-Throughput Structural Characterization in Bone Phenomics [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 2007.
2007	Voide R. Functional Phenotyping of Bone: A Hierarchical Assessment of Bone Failure Characteristics [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 2007.
2008	Webster DJ. A Combined Experimental and Computational Model for Genetic Control of Micro Structural Bone Adaptation [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 2008.
2011	Rigozzi S. Structure and Function in Tendon: Experimental Studies on the Ultrastructural Determinants of Tendon Biomechanical Function [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 2011.
2004	Duty AO. Controlled in Vivo Mechanical Stimulation of Bone Repair Constructs [PhD thesis]. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology; April 2004.
2007	Duvall CL. The Role of Osteopontin in Postnatal Vascular Growth: Functional Effects in Ischemic Limb Collateral Vessel Formation and Long Bone Fracture Healing [PhD thesis]. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology; May 2007.
2011	Moodie J. Destabilisation of the Medial Meniscus: Imaging and Mechanics of a Murine Surgical Osteoarthritis Model [PhD thesis]. Imperial College London; August 2011.
2009	Moesen M. Modeling of the Geometry and Mechanical Behavior of Bone Scaffolds [PhD thesis]. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; June 2009.
2017	Hemmatian H. Does the Osteocyte Lacuna Affect Bone Adaptive Response in Aging? [PhD thesis]. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; December 2017.
2020	Bennison MBL. The Role of Cancellous Bone Architecture in Misalignment and Side Effect Errors [Master's thesis]. Sudbury, ON: Laurentian University; 2020.
2020	Lamarche BA. Morphometric Changes With Age in Human Trabecular Bone Structural Units (BSU) of the Lumbar Spine [Master's thesis]. Sudbury, ON: Laurentian University; 2020.
2019	Du J. Mechanical Adaptation of Human Trabecular Bone: Experimental and Computational Study [PhD thesis]. Loughborough University; 2019.
2007	Akhtar R. Micromechanical Behaviour of Bone [PhD thesis]. University of Manchester; 2007.
2014	Jameson JR. Characterization of Bone Material Properties and Microstructure in Osteogenesis Imperfecta/brittle Bone Disease [PhD thesis]. Marquette University; December 2014.
2014	Ellman R. Skeletal Adaptation to Reduced Mechanical Loading [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; September 2014.
2020	O’Sullivan LM. Time-Sequence of Biomechanical Adaption in Trabecular Tissue During Estrogen Deficiency [PhD thesis]. National University of Ireland Galway; March 2020.
2012	Tozzi G. In Vitro Studies of Bone-Cement Interface and Related Work on Cemented Acetabular Replacement [PhD thesis]. Portsmouth, England: University of Portsmouth; May 29, 2012.
2011	Ahmed F. Multiscale Quantitative Imaging of Human Femoral Heads Using X-Ray Microtomography [PhD thesis]. Queen Mary University of London; 2011.
2005	Buie HR. Use of Finite Element Method Modelling and Rapid Prototyping to Study the Effect of Trabecular Bone Architecture on Apparent Mechanical Properties [Master's thesis]. Queen's University; November 2005.
2009	Lievers WB. Effects of Geometric and Material Property Changes on the Apparent Elastic Properties of Cancellous Bone [PhD thesis]. Queen's University; April 2009.
2013	Morton JJ. An Investigation of Rat Vertebra Failure Behaviour Under Uniaxial Compression Through Time-Lapsed Micro-CT Imaging [Master's thesis]. Queen's University; 2013.
2018	Metcalf LM. HR-PQCT Scanning of the Human Calcaneus: Early Development and Validation of Assessment of Calcaneal Trabecular Microstructure [PhD thesis]. University of Sheffield; March 2018.
2018	Peters JJ. An Algorithm for Characterizing Vascular Networks in Vivo Using Constrast Enhanced μCT [Master's thesis]. St. Louis, MO: Saint Louis University; 2018.
2004	Mittra ES. Assessment of Trabecular Bone Quality Using Microstructure, Micro-Mechanics and Micro-Finite Element Modeling [PhD thesis]. Stony Brook, NY: Stony Brook University; May 2004.
2005	Chung S. Bone Image Analysis: Quantifying Topological Change in Bone Under Uniform Erosion [PhD thesis]. Stony Brook, NY: Stony Brook University; December 2005.
2011	Su A. The Functional Morphology of Subchondral and Trabecular Bone in the Hominoid Tibiotalar Joint [PhD thesis]. Stony Brook, NY: Stony Brook University; August 2011.
2005	Sran MM. Manual Therapy and the Osteoporotic Spine [PhD thesis]. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia; March 2005.
2018	Alousaimi H. A Study of Bone Quality in Femoral Neck of Osteoarthritis [Master's thesis]. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia; August 2018.
2014	Colombo A. La micro-architecture de l’os trabéculaire en croissance: Variabilité tridimensionnelle normale et pathologique analysée par microtomodensitométrie [PhD thesis]. Université de Bordeaux; December 15, 2014.
2001	Boyd SK. Microstructural Bone Adaptation in an Experimental Model of Osteoarthritis [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; January 2001.
2003	Pardy CK. The Effects of Doxycycline on the Mechanical and Morphometric Properties of Early and Established Osteoarthritic Bone in a Canine Model Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; October 2003.
2007	Klinck RJ. Establishing in Vivo Micro-CT for Use in Mouse Models of Osteoprosis [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; December 2007.
2007	MacNeil JAM. Clinical Assessment of Bone Quality [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; June 2007.
2010	Manske SL. Muscle Disuse and Vibration Effects on Bone Morphology [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; December 2010.
2011	Kristensen E. The Role of Growth Hormone in the Development of Bone Microarchitecture, Craniofacial Shape and Bone Strength [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; February 2011.
2012	Nishiyama KKS. In Vivo Assessment of Bone Microarchitecture and Estimated Bone Strength [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; October 2012.
2012	Pauchard Y. In Vivo Monitoring of Longitudinal Changes in Bone Micro-Architecture Using High-Resolution Peripheral Computed Tomography [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; February 2012.
2013	Owoc JS. Large Scale Elasto-Plastic Modelling for in Vivo Assessment of Bone Strength from High Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; August 2013.
2014	Jorgenson BL. Cortical Porosity in Bone [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; April 2014.
2016	Britz HM. The Effect of Genetic Variation on Mouse Bone Strength [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; August 2016.
2017	Bhatla JL. Differences in Bone and Cartilage Between Women With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears and Healthy Controls [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; July 2017.
2018	Michalak GJ. Concurrent Assessment of Knee Cartilage Morphology and Bone Microarchitecture Using Contrast-Enhanced HR-PQCT Imaging [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; May 2018.
2019	Brunet SC. Using Advanced Medical Imaging to Study Bone and Joint Changes in Rheumatoid Arthritis [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; June 2019.
2019	Kroker AM. The Progression of Bone Microarchitecture Changes Following an Acute Knee Injury in Young Adults [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; March 2019.
2021	Besler BAA. Bone as an Orientable, Smooth Surface: Distance Transforms, Morphometry, and Adaptation [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; August 2021.
2021	Kemp TD. An Inverse Interface Evolution Problem to Identify Participant-Specific Bone Microarchitecture Adaptation [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; May 2021.
2021	Whittier DEW. The Assessment of Fragility Fracture Risk Using HR-PQCT as a Novel Tool for Diagnosis of Osteoporosis [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; August 2021.
2019	Nguyen C. Multiscale Network Characterization of the Strength and Robustness of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Santa Barbara, CA: Santa Barbara, University of California; September 2019.
2010	Rodriguez AG. Human Endplate Permeability and Microstructure and Their Relationship to Disc Degeneration [PhD thesis]. San Francisco, University of California; 2010.
2021	Leek CC. The Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling During Superstructure Development and in Muscle-Bone Crosstalk [PhD thesis]. University of Delaware; 2021.
2021	Huang L. Bone, Cartilage and Their Interface: Osteochondral Changes During Very Early Osteoarthritis [PhD thesis]. University of Eastern Finland; 2021.
2007	Ruffoni D. Modeling of Material and Architectural Quality of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Liège, Belgique: Université de Liège; September 2007.
2012	Mengoni M. On the Development of an Integrated Bone Remodeling Law for Orthodontic Tooth Movements Models Using the Finite Element Method [PhD thesis]. Liège, Belgique: Université de Liège; June 2012.
2014	Sinder BP. Sclerostin Antibody as a Treatment for Osteogenesis Imperfecta [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 2014.
2010	Schwen LO. Composite Finite Elements for Trabecular Bone Microstructures [PhD thesis]. Bonn, Germany: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; July 2010.
2011	Wolfram U. Mechanical Multiscale Characterisation of Vertebral Trabecular Bone for the Prediction of Vertebral Fracture Risk [PhD thesis]. University of Ulm; 2011.
2016	Naeem ISS. Development of Thermoplastic Foams With Heterogeneous Cellular Structures for Acoustic Applications [PhD thesis]. University of Ontario Institute of Technology; August 2016.
2010	Wald MJ. Mapping Trabecular Bone Fabric Tensor by in Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2010.
2013	Pratt I. In Vivo Imaging of Cortical Porosity by Synchrotron Phase Contrast Micro Computed Tomography [Master's thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; August 2013.
2023	Egeonu IET. Bone Microstructure and Bone Strength At the Distal Radius in Relation to the Pubertal Growth Spurt in Adolescence [Master's thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; July 2023.
2012	Hojjat S-P. Automated Quantitative Analysis of Bone Stability and Tumour Burden in the Metastatic Rat Spine [PhD thesis]. University of Toronto; 2012.
2017	Kirby ML. Digital Modeling of Trabecular Bones: Structural Analysis and Probabilistic Modeling Techniques [Master's thesis]. San Antionio, TX: University of Texas at San Antonio; August 2017.
2019	Knowles NK. Improving Material Mapping in Glenohumeral Finite Element Models: A Multi-Level Evaluation [PhD thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2019.
2021	Kusins J. A Multi-Level Mechanical Assessment of the Shoulder Coupled With Evaluation of Upper Extremity Predictive Finite Element Models [PhD thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2021.
2020	Mancuso ME. Defining the Multiscale Relationship Between Subject-Specific Bone Strain and Structural Adaptation in the Distal Radius of Women [PhD thesis]. Worcester, MA: Worcester Polytechnic Institute; July 2020.
2007	Christiansen BA. Vibrational Stimulation of Bone Formation in Mice [PhD thesis]. St. Louis, MO: Washington University in St. Louis; December 2007.

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1984	Harrigan TP, Mann RW. Characterization of microstructural anisotropy in orthotropic materials using a second rank tensor. J Mater Sci. March 1984;19(3):761-767.
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1994	Guilak F. Volume and surface area measurement of viable chondrocytes in situ using geometric modelling of serial confocal sections. J Microsc (Oxford). March 1994;173(3):245-256.
1994	Müller R, Hildebrand T, Rüegsegger P. Non-invasive bone biopsy: a new method to analyse and display the three-dimensional structure of trabecular bone. Phys Med Biol. January 1994;39(1):145-164.
1993	Odgaard A, Gundersen HJG. Quantification of connectivity in cancellous bone, with special emphasis on 3-D reconstructions. Bone. March–April 1993;14(2):173-182.
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1979	Jensen EB, Gundersen HJG, Østerby R. Determination of membrane thickness distribution from orthogonal intercepts. J Microsc (Oxford). January 1979;115(1):19-33.
1988	Gundersen HJG, Bendtsen TF, Korbo L, Marcussen N, Møller A, Nielsen K, Nyengaard JR, Pakkenberg B, Sørensen FB, Vesterby A, West MJ. Some new, simple and efficient stereological methods and their use in pathological research and diagnosis. AMPIS. May 1988;96(5):379-394.
1996	Rüegsegger P, Koller B, Müller R. A microtomographic system for the nondestructive evaluation of bone architecture. Calcif Tiss Int. 1996;58(1):24-29.
1974	Whitehouse WJ. The quantitative morphology of anisotropic trabecular bone. J Microsc (Oxford). July 1974;101:153-168.
1993	Jara H, Wehrli FW, Chung H, Ford JC. High-resolution variable flip angle 3D MR imaging of trabecular microstructure in vivo. Mag Reson Med. April 1993;29(4):528-539.
1989	Feldkamp LA, Goldstein SA, Parfitt MA, Jesion G, Kleerekoper M. The direct examination of three‐dimensional bone architecture in vitro by computed tomography. J Bone Miner Res. 1989;4(1):3-11.