Cortical Porosity in Bone

Osteoporosis (porous bones) is a disease that is characterized by decreased bone strength and increased risk of fracture due to loss of bone strength from decreased bone mass and deterioration of bone micro-architecture. In particular, cortical porosity (CtPo) significantly impacts bone strength and has been associated with the progression of the disease and the occurrence of fracture. Very recently, it has become possible to assess CtPo in the appendicular skeleton in vivo through the use of high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). There are two approaches to assessing CtPo from HR-pQCT imaging data based on a threshold-based or a density-based approach. The performance of both methods was compared against gold-standard synchrotron radiation micro computed tomography (SRµCT) measurements. The threshold-based approach was found to be more highly correlated with true values of CtPo than a density-based approach. Improved CtPo measures may lead to better imaging diagnostics to detect and monitor osteoporosis.

Year	Entry
2012	Pialat JB, Burghardt AJ, Sode M, Link TM, Majumdar S. Visual grading of motion induced image degradation in high resolution peripheral computed tomography: impact of image quality on measures of bone density and micro-architecture. Bone. January 2012;50(1):111-118.
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2010	Burghardt AJ, Kazakia GJ, Ramachandran S, Link TM, Majumdar S. Age- and gender-related differences in the geometric properties and biomechanical significance of intracortical porosity in the distal radius and tibia. J Bone Miner Res. May 2010;25(5):983-993.
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Year

Entry

2012

Pialat JB, Burghardt AJ, Sode M, Link TM, Majumdar S. Visual grading of motion induced image degradation in high resolution peripheral computed tomography: impact of image quality on measures of bone density and micro-architecture. Bone. January 2012;50(1):111-118.

1998

Yeni YN, Brown CU, Norman TL. Influence of bone composition and apparent density on fracture toughness of the human femur and tibia. Bone. January 1998;22(1):79-84.

1988

Schaffler MB, Burr DB. Stiffness of compact bone: effects of porosity and density. J Biomech. 1988;21(1):13-16.

2007

MacNeil JA, Boyd SK. Accuracy of high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography for measurement of bone quality. Med Eng Phys. December 2007;29(10):1096-1105.

2010

Burghardt AJ, Kazakia GJ, Ramachandran S, Link TM, Majumdar S. Age- and gender-related differences in the geometric properties and biomechanical significance of intracortical porosity in the distal radius and tibia. J Bone Miner Res. May 2010;25(5):983-993.