The elastic moduli of human subchondral, trabecular, and cortical bone tissue and the size-dependency of cortical bone modulus

Choi, K.; Kuhn, J. L.; Ciarelli, M. J.; Goldstein, S. A.

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2012	Barkaoui A. Modélisation multiéchelle du comportement mécano-biologique de l’os humain: De l’ultrastructure au remodelage osseux [PhD thesis]. University of Orleans; 2012.
2010	Wald MJ. Mapping Trabecular Bone Fabric Tensor by in Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2010.
2013	Amini M. Stiffness of the Proximal Tibial Bone in Normal and Osteoarthritic Conditions: A Parametric Finite Element Simulation Study [Master's thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; January 2013.
2019	Yue N. A Numerical Investigation of Biomechanical Response and Injury of Occupant Lower Extremities in Automotive Frontal Impact Scenario [Master's thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; December 2019.
2018	Khor F. Computational Modeling of Hard Tissue Response and Fracture in the Lower Cervical Spine Under Compression Including Age Effects [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018.
2011	Burkhart TA. Biomechanics of the Upper Extremity in Response to Dynamic Impact Loading Indicative of a Forward Fall: An Experimental and Numerical Investigation [PhD thesis]. University of Windsor; 2011.
2001	Zhang N. Investigation of Bone Mechanical Properties At the Microscopic Level Using Ultrasonic Methods and Numerical Simulation [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 2001.
2019	Knowles NK. Improving Material Mapping in Glenohumeral Finite Element Models: A Multi-Level Evaluation [PhD thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2019.
2021	Kusins J. A Multi-Level Mechanical Assessment of the Shoulder Coupled With Evaluation of Upper Extremity Predictive Finite Element Models [PhD thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2021.
2020	Hamandi FMRA. Hierarchical Structure, Properties and Bone Mechanics At Macro, Micro, and Nano Levels [PhD thesis]. Dayton, OH: Wright State University; 2020.

Year	Entry
1970	Yamada H. Strength of Biological Materials. Evans FG, ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins Company; 1970.
1988	Ashman RB, Rho JY. Elastic modulus of trabecular bone material. J Biomech. 1988;21(3):177-181.
1982	Williams JL, Lewis JL. Properties and an anisotropic model of cancellous bone from the proximal tibial epiphysis. J Biomech Eng. February 1982;104(1):50-56.
1975	Runkle JC, Pugh J. The micro-mechanics of cancellous bone, II: determination of the elastic modulus of individual trabeculae by a buckling analysis. Bull Hosp Joint Dis. April 1975;36(1):2-10.
1984	Brown TD, Vrahas MS. The apparent elastic modulus of the juxtarticular subchondral bone of the femoral head. J Orthop Res. 1984;2(1):32-38.
1967	Ascenzi A, Bonucci E. The tensile properties of single osteons. Acta Anat. 1967;158(4):375-386.
1960	Frost HM. Presence of microscopic cracks in vivo in bone. Henry Ford Hosp Med Bull. 1960;8(1):25-35.
1952	Dempster WT, Liddicoat RT. Compact bone as a non-isotropic material. Am J Anat. 1952;91(3):331-362.
1975	Townsend PR, Rose RM, Radin EL. Buckling studies of single human trabeculae. J Biomech. July 1975;8(3-4):199-200.
1968	Ascenzi A, Bonucci E. The compressive properties of single osteons. Anat Rec. July 1968;161(3):377-392.
1989	Kuhn JL, Goldstein SA, Choi K, London M, Feldkamp LA, Matthews LS. Comparison of the trabecular and cortical tissue moduli from human iliac crests. J Orthop Res. November 1989;7(6):876-884.
1965	Sedlin ED. A rheologic model for cortical bone: a study of physical properties of human femoral samples. Acta Orthop Scand. 1965;(suppl 83):1-77.
1964	Gong JK, Arnold JS, Cohn SH. Composition of trabecular and cortical bone. Anat Rec. 1964;149(3):325-331.
1951	Evans FG, Lebow M. Regional differences in some of the physical properties of the human femur. J Appl Physiol. 1951;3(9):563-572.
1973	Simkin A, Robin G. The mechanical testing of bone in bending. J Biomech. 1973;6(1):31-39.
1974	Reilly DT, Burstein AH. The mechanical properties of cortical bone. J Bone Joint Surg. 1974;56A(5):1001-1022.
1989	Hodgskinson R, Currey JD, Evans GP. Hardness, an indicator of the mechanical competence of cancellous bone. J Orthop Res. September 1989;7(5):754-758.
1988	Rice JC, Cowin SC, Bowman JA. On the dependence of the elasticity and strength of cancellous bone on apparent density. J Biomech. 1988;21(2):155-168.
1974	Reilly DT, Burstein AH, Frankel VH. The elastic modulus for bone. J Biomech. May 1974;7(3):271-275.
1975	Reilly DT, Burstein AH. The elastic and ultimate properties of compact bone tissue. J Biomech. 1975;8(6):393-405.
1970	Timoshenko SP, Goodier JN. Theory of Elasticity. 3rd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Book Co; 1970.
1975	Currey JD, Butler G. The mechanical properties of bone tissue in children. J Bone Joint Surg. September 1975;57A(6):810-814.
1989	Martin RB, Ishida J. The relative effects of collagen fiber orientation, porosity, density, and mineralization on bone strength. J Biomech. 1989;22(5):419-426.
1966	Sedlin‌ ED, Hirsch C. Factors affecting the determination of the physical properties of femoral cortical bone. Acta Orthop Scand. 1966;37(1):29-48.
1972	Burstein AH, Currey JD, Frankel VH, Reilly DT. The ultimate properties of bone tissue: the effects of yielding. J Biomech. January 1972;5(1):35-44.
1966	Weaver JK. The microscopic hardness of bone. J Bone Joint Surg. March 1966;48A(2):273-288.
1989	Ryan SD, Williams JL. Tensile testing of rodlike trabeculae excised from bovine femoral bone. J Biomech. 1989;22(4):351-355.