Elastic modulus mapping for bovine cortical bone from submillimeter- to submicron-scales using PeakForce Tapping atomic force microscopy

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Zhou, Yuxiao¹; Kastner, Markus J.²; Tighe, Timothy B.²; Du, Jing¹

Elastic modulus mapping for bovine cortical bone from submillimeter- to submicron-scales using PeakForce Tapping atomic force microscopy

Extreme Mech Lett. November 1, 2020;41:101031

©2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Affiliations

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America

²Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
Abstract and keywords

Bone is a composite material consisting of organic and inorganic components that are organized into hierarchical structures to provide load-bearing functions. This paper presents the results of PeakForce Tapping atomic force microscopy (AFM) scans on cut and polished bovine cortical bone specimens that were submerged in water. The elastic modulus map and surface morphology were obtained for various bone hierarchical structures from submillimeter- to submicron-scales. The elastic modulus of osteons (20.51 ± 6.85 GPa) was slightly lower than the interstitial bone (21.87 ± 5.48 GPa); they were both much greater than that of the cement lines (7.49 ± 4.23 GPa). The elastic modulus in the lamella structures varied periodically from higher values in thick sub-lamellae (21.49 ± 6.58 GPa) to the lower values in thin sub-lamellae (9.67 ± 2.69 GPa). The results also show relatively softer mineralized collagen fibril bundle arrays (12.94 ± 2.71 GPa) embedded in harder matrix materials (28.39 ± 5.75 GPa). The variations in the elastic modulus suggest different degrees of mineralization or different fibril orientations. The histograms of elastic modulus indicate the dominating compositions or dominating fibril orientations.

Keywords: Cortical bone; Atomic force microscopy; Elastic modulus; PeakForce Tapping
Links

DOI: 10.1016/j.eml.2020.101031

WoS: 000591981500011
History

Received: 2020-07-14

Revised: 2020-09-6

Accepted: 2020-10-11

Online: 2020-10-13

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2021	Muraro P. Biomechanical Characterization of Fibrolamellar Bone Using Nano-Scale Modulus Mapping [Master's thesis]. Liège, Belgique: Université de Liège; 2021.
2024	Qalaj P. Finite Element Analysis of Nanoindentation Across Bone Interfaces and Effects on the Measured Mechanical Properties [Master's thesis]. Liège, Belgique: Université de Liège; 2024.