Physical properties of trabecular bone

Galante, J.; Rostoker, W.; Ray, R. D.

Year	Entry
1983	Bensusan JS, Davy DT, Heiple KG, Verdin KG. Tensile, compressive and torsional testing of cancellous bone. In: Transacation of the 29th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society. March 8-10, 1983; Anaheim, CA.132.
1973	Evans FG. Mechanical Properties of Bone. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas; 1973.
2004	Haug E, Choi H-Y, Robin S, Beaugonin M. Human models for crash and impact simulation. In: Ayache N, ed. Computational Models for the Human Body. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier B.V; 2004:231-452. Ciarlet PG, ed. Handbook of Numerical Analysis; vol 12.
1994	Linde F. Elastic and viscoelastic properties of trabecular bone by a compression testing approach. Dan Med Bull. April 1994;41(2):119-138.
1983	Neil JL, Demos TC, Stone JL, Hayes WC. Tensile and compressive properties of vertebral trabecular bone. In: Transacation of the 29th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society. March 8-10, 1983; Anaheim, CA.344.
2001	Keaveny TM. Strength of trabecular bone. In: Cowin SC, ed. Bone Mechanics Handbook. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2001:16-1–16-42.
2002	Currey JD. Bones: Structure and Mechanics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 2002.
1988	Melton LJ III, Chao EYS, Lane J. Biomechanical aspects of fractures. In: Riggs BL, Melton LJ III, eds. Osteoporosis: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management. New York, NY: Raven Press; 1988:111-131.
1990	Snyder BD, Hayes WC. Multiaxial structure-property relations in trabecular bone. In: Mow VC, Ratcliffe A, Woo SL-Y, eds. Biomechanics of Diarthrodial Joints. Vol 2. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1990:31-59.
2022	Brynskog E, Iraeus J, Pipkorn B, Davidsson J. Population variance in pelvic response to lateral impacts: a global sensitivity analysis. In: Proceedings of the 2022 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2022; Porto, Portugal.173-196.
1980	Brown TD, Ferguson AB Jr. Mechanical property distributions in the cancellous bone of the human proximal femur. Acta Orthop Scand. 1980;51(1):429-437.
1980	Carter DR, Schwab GH, Spengler DM. Tensile fracture of cancellous bone. Acta Orthop Scand. 1980;51(5):733-741.
2002	Banse X. When density fails to predict bone strength. Acta Orthop Scand. 2002;73(2)(suppl 303):2-57.
2001	Fajardo RJ, Müller R. Three‐dimensional analysis of nonhuman primate trabecular architecture using micro‐computed tomography. Am J Phys Anthropol. 2001;115(4):327-336.
2001	Keaveny TM, Morgan EF, Niebur GL, Yeh OC. Biomechanics of trabecular bone. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2001;3:307-333.
1973	Pugh JW, Rose RM, Radin EL. A possible mechanism of Wolff's Law: trabecular microfractures. Arch Int Physiol Biochim. February 1973;81(1):27-40.
1978	Halawa M, Lee AJC, Ling RSM, Vangala SS. The shear strength of trabecular bone from the femur, and some factors affecting the shear strength of the cement-bone interface. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. March 1978;92(1):19-30.
1980	Rohlmann A, Zilch H, Bergmann G, Kölbel R. Material properties of femoral cancellous bone in axial loading, I: time independent properties. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. September 1980;97(2):95-102.
1985	Mosekilde L, Viidik A, Mosekilde L. Correlation between the compressive strength of iliac and vertebral trabecular bone in normal individuals. Bone. 1985;6(5):291-295.
1987	Mosekilde L, Mosekilde L, Danielsen CC. Biomechanical competence of vertebral trabecular bone in relation to ash density and age in normal individuals. Bone. 1987;8(2):79-85.
1988	Mosekilde L. Age-related changes in vertebral trabecular bone architecture—assessed by a new method. Bone. 1988;9(4):247-250.
1997	Odgaard A. Three-dimensional methods for quantification of cancellous bone architecture. Bone. 1997;20(4):315-328.
1997	Beck JD, Canfield BL, Haddock SM, Chen TJH, Kothari M, Keaveny TM. Three-dimensional imaging of trabecular bone using the computer numerically controlled milling technique. Bone. 1997;21(3):281-287.
1998	Thomsen JS, Ebbesen EN, Mosekilde L. Relationships between static histomorphometry and bone strength measurements in human iliac crest bone biopsies author links open overlay panel. Bone. February 1998;22(2):153-163.
1998	Majumdar S, Kothari M, Augat P, Newitt DC, Link TM, Lin JC, Lang T, Lu Y, Genant HK. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging: three-dimensional trabecular bone architecture and biomechanical properties. Bone. May 1998;22(5):445-454.
2006	Hernandez CJ, Keaveny TM. A biomechanical perspective on bone quality. Bone. December 2006;39(6):1173-1181.
2007	Perilli E, Baleani M, Öhman C, Baruffaldi F, Viceconti M. Structural parameters and mechanical strength of cancellous bone in the femoral head in osteoarthritis do not depend on age. Bone. November 2007;41(5):760-768.
1989	Eriksson SAV, Isberg BO, Lindgren JU. Prediction of vertebral strength by dual photon absorptiometry and quantitative computed tomography. Calcif Tiss Int. April 1989;44(4):243-250.
1992	Einhorn TA. Bone strength: the bottom line. Calcif Tiss Int. November 1992;51(5):333-339.
1993	Snyder BD, Piazza S, Edwards WT, Hayes WC. Role of trabecular morphology in the etiology of age-related vertebral fractures. Calcif Tiss Int. February 1993;53(suppl 1):S14-S22.
1993	Mosekilde L. Vertebral structure and strength in vivo and in vitro. Calcif Tiss Int. February 1993;53(suppl 1):S121-S126.
1993	Flynn MJ, Cody DD. The assessment of vertebral bone macroarchitecture with x-ray computed tomography. Calcif Tiss Int. February 1993;53(suppl 1):S170-S175.
2008	Helgason B, Perilli E, Schileo E, Taddei F, Brynjólfsson S, Viceconti M. Mathematical relationships between bone density and mechanical properties: a literature review. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2008;23(2):135-146.
1982	Leichter I, Margulies JY, Weinreb A, Mizrahi J, Robin GC, Conforty B, Makin M, Bloch B. The relationship between bone density, mineral content, and mechanical strength in the femoral neck. Clin Orthop Relat Res. March 1982;163:272-281.
2011	Cole JH, van der Meulen MCH. Whole bone mechanics and bone quality. Clin Orthop Relat Res. August 2011;469(8):2139-2149.
1985	Hvid I, Jensen NC, Bünger C, Sølund K, Djurhuus JC. Bone mineral assay: its relation to the mechanical strength of cancellous bone. Eng Med. 1985;14(2):79-83.
1988	Yahia LH, Drouin G, Duval P. A methodology for mechanical measurements of technical constants of trabecular bone. Eng Med. October 1988;17(4):169-173.
2005	Wang X, Guyette J, Liu X, Roeder RK, Niebur GL. Axial-shear interaction effects on microdamage in bovine tibial trabecular bone. Euro J Morphol. February–April 2005;42(1-2):61-70.
2016	Osterhoff G, Morgan EF, Shefelbine SJ, Karim L, McNamara LM, Augat P. Bone mechanical properties and changes with osteoporosis. Injury. June 2016;47(suppl 2):S11-S20.
2012	Skedros JG, Knight AN, Farnsworth RW, Bloebaum RD. Do regional modifications in tissue mineral content and microscopic mineralization heterogeneity adapt trabecular bone tracts for habitual bending? analysis in the context of trabecular architecture of deer calcanei. J Anat. March 2012;220(3):242-255.
1973	Pugh JW, Rose RM, Radin EL. Elastic and viscoelastic properties of trabecular bone: dependence on structure. J Biomech. 1973;6(5):475-485.
1974	Behrens JC, Walker PS, Shoji H. Variations in strength and structure of cancellous bone at the knee. J Biomech. 1974;7(3):201-207.
1977	Ducheyne P, Heymans L, Martens M, Aernoudt E, Meester Pd, Mulier JC. The mechanical behaviour of intracondylar cancellous bone of the femur at different loading rates. J Biomech. 1977;10(11-12):747-762.
1979	Hakim NS, King AI. A three dimensional finite element dynamic response analysis of a vertebra with experimental verification. J Biomech. 1979;12(4):277-292.
1979	Kenner GH, Taylor LC, Park JB. Compressive strength of canine femur. J Biomech. January 1, 1979;12(7):519-526.
1983	Stone JL, Beaupre GS, Hayes WC. Multiaxial strength characteristics of trabecular bone. J Biomech. 1983;16(9):743-752.
1983	Goldstein SA, Wilson DL, Sonstegard DA, Matthews LS. The mechanical properties of human tibial trabecular bone as a function of metaphyseal location. J Biomech. 1983;16(12):965-969.
1983	Martens M, Van Audekercke R, Delport P, De Meester P, Mulier JC. The mechanical characteristics of cancellous bone at the upper femoral region. J Biomech. 1983;16(12):971-983.
1985	Gibson LJ. The mechanical behaviour of cancellous bone. J Biomech. 1985;18(5):317-328.
1985	Kaplan SJ, Hayes WC, Stone JL, Beaupré GS. Tensile strength of bovine trabecular bone. J Biomech. 1985;18(9):723-727.
1987	Goldstein SA. The mechanical properties of trabecular bone: dependence on anatomic location and function. J Biomech. 1987;20(11-12):1055-1061.
1988	Schaffler MB, Burr DB. Stiffness of compact bone: effects of porosity and density. J Biomech. 1988;21(1):13-16.
1988	Rice JC, Cowin SC, Bowman JA. On the dependence of the elasticity and strength of cancellous bone on apparent density. J Biomech. 1988;21(2):155-168.
1989	Kuhn JL, Goldstein SA, Ciarelli MJ, Matthews LS. The limitations of canine trabecular bone as a model for human: a biomechanical study. J Biomech. 1989;22(2):95-107.
1989	Linde F, Hvid I. The effect of constraint on the mechanical behaviour of trabecular bone specimens. J Biomech. 1989;22(5):485-490.
1989	Odgaard A, Hvid I, Linde F. Compressive axial strain distributions in cancellous bone specimens. J Biomech. 1989;22(8-9):829-835.
1989	Hvid I, Bentzen SM, Linde F, Mosekilde L, Pongsoipetch B. X-ray quantitative computed tomography: the relations to physical properties of proximal tibial trabecular bone specimens. J Biomech. 1989;22(8-9):837-844.
1989	Ashman RB, Rho JY, Turner CH. Anatomical variation of orthotropic elastic moduli of the proximal human tibia. J Biomech. 1989;22(8-9):895-900.
1990	Sharp DJ, Tanner KE, Bonfield W. Measurement of the density of trabecular bone. J Biomech. 1990;23(8):853-857.
1990	Linde F, Pongsoipetch B, Frich LH, Hvid I. Three-axial strain controlled testing applied to bone specimens from the proximal tibial epiphysis. J Biomech. 1990;23(11):1167-1172.
1991	Linde F, Nørgaard P, Hvid I, Odgaard A, Søballe K. Mechanical properties of trabecular bone: dependency on strain rate. J Biomech. 1991;24(9):803-809.
1994	Keaveny TM, Wachtel EF, Ford CM, Hayes WC. Differences between the tensile and compressive strengths of bovine tibial trabecular bone depend on modulus. J Biomech. 1994;27(9):1137-1146.
1994	Keller TS. Predicting the compressive mechanical behavior of bone. J Biomech. September 1994;27(9):1159-1168.
2001	Morgan EF, Keaveny TM. Dependence of yield strain of human trabecular bone on anatomic site. J Biomech. 2001;34(5):569-577.
2002	Kim HS, Al-Hassan STS. A morphological model of vertebral trabecular bone. J Biomech. August 2002;35(8):1101-1114.
2003	Morgan EF, Bayraktar HH, Keaveny TM. Trabecular bone modulus–density relationships depend on anatomic site. J Biomech. July 2003;36(7):897-904.
2004	Morgan E, Bayraktar H, Yeh O, Majumdar S, Burghardt A, Keaveny T. Contribution of inter-site variations in architecture to trabecular bone apparent yield strains. J Biomech. 2004;37(9):1413-1420.
2005	Gibson LJ. Biomechanics of cellular solids. J Biomech. 2005;38(3):377-399.
2006	Wang X, Niebur GL. Microdamage propagation in trabecular bone due to changes in loading mode. J Biomech. 2006;39(5):781-790.
2007	Lievers WB, Lee V, Arsenault SM, Waldman SD, Pilkey AK. Specimen size effect in the volumetric shrinkage of cancellous bone measured at two levels of dehydration. J Biomech. 2007;40(9):1903-1909.
2008	Perilli E, Baleani M, Öhman C, Fognani R, Baruffaldi F, Viceconti M. Dependence of mechanical compressive strength on local variations in microarchitecture in cancellous bone of proximal human femur. J Biomech. 2008;41(2):438-446.
2008	Zioupos P, Cook RB, Hutchinson JR. Some basic relationships between density values in cancellous and cortical bone. J Biomech. 2008;41(9):1961-1968.
2023	Albert DL, Katzenberger MJ, Hunter RL, Agnew AM, Kemper AR. Effects of loading rate, age, and morphology on the material properties of human rib trabecular bone. J Biomech. July 2023;156:111670.
1982	Williams JL, Lewis JL. Properties and an anisotropic model of cancellous bone from the proximal tibial epiphysis. J Biomech Eng. February 1982;104(1):50-56.
1986	Little RB, Wevers HW, Siu D, Cooke TDV. A three-dimensional finite element analysis of the upper tibia. J Biomech Eng. May 1986;108(2):111-119.
1993	Keaveny TM, Hayes WC. A 20-year perspective on the mechanical properties of trabecular bone. J Biomech Eng. November 1993;115(4B):534-542.
1999	Fenech CM, Keaveny TM. A cellular solid criterion for predicting the axial-shear failure properties of bovine trabecular bone. J Biomech Eng. August 1999;121(4):414-422.
2001	Morgan EF, Yeh OC, Chang WC, Keaveny TM. Nonlinear behavior of trabecular bone at small strains. J Biomech Eng. February 2001;123(1):1-9.
2004	Wang X, Liu X, Niebur GL. Preparation of on-axis cylindrical trabecular bone specimens using micro-CT imaging. J Biomech Eng. February 2004;126(1):122-125.
2015	Oftadeh R, Perez-Viloria M, Villa-Camacho JC, Vaziri A, Nazarian A. Biomechanics and mechanobiology of trabecular bone: a review. J Biomech Eng. January 2015;137(1):010802.
1976	Hayes WC, Carter DR. Postyield behavior of subchondral trabecular bone. J Biomed Mater Res. July 1976;10(4):537-544.
1977	Carter DR, Hayes WC. The compressive behavior of bone as a two-phase porous structure. J Bone Joint Surg. 1977;59A(7):954-962.
2007	Badiei A, Bottema MJ, Fazzalari NL. Influence of orthogonal overload on human vertebral trabecular bone mechanical properties. J Bone Miner Res. 2007;22(11):1690-1699.
2006	Donnelly E, Williams RM, Downs SA, Dickinson ME, Baker SP, van der Meulen MCH. Quasistatic and dynamic nanomechanical properties of cancellous bone tissue relate to collagen content and organization. J Mater Res. August 2006;21(8):2106-2117.
2012	Kelly N, McGarry JP. Experimental and numerical characterisation of the elasto-plastic properties of bovine trabecular bone and a trabecular bone analogue. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. May 2012;9:184-197.
2020	Fleps I, Bahaloo H, Zysset PK, Ferguson SJ, Pálsson H, Helgason B. Empirical relationships between bone density and ultimate strength: a literature review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. October 2020;110:103866.
2007	Kazakia GJ, Lee JJ, Singh M, Bigley RF, Martin RB, Keaveny TM. Automated high-resolution three-dimensional fluorescence imaging of large biological specimens. J Microsc (Oxford). February 2007;225(2):109-117.
1991	Ciarelli MJ, Goldstein SA, Kuhn JL, Cody DD, Brown MB. Evaluation of orthogonal mechanical properties and density of human trabecular bone from the major metaphyseal regions with materials testing and computed tomography. J Orthop Res. May 1991;9(5):674-682.
1997	Wachtel EF, Keaveny TM. Dependence of trabecular damage on mechanical strain. J Orthop Res. September 1997;15(5):781-787.
1995	Rho JY, Hobatho MC, Ashman RB. Relations of mechanical properties to density and CT numbers in human bone. Med Eng Phys. July 1995;17(5):347-355.
1997	Zou L, Bloebaum RD, Bachus KN. Reproducibility of techniques using Archimedes' principle in measuring cancellous bone volume. Med Eng Phys. January 1997;19(1):63-68.
1997	Nicholson PHF, Cheng XG, Lowet G, Boonen S, Davie MWJ, Dequeker J, Van der Perre G. Structural and material mechanical properties of human vertebral cancellous bone. Med Eng Phys. October 1997;19(8):729-737.
2008	Kazakia GJ, Burghardt AJ, Cheung S, Majumdar S. Assessment of bone tissue mineralization by conventional x-ray microcomputed tomography: comparison with synchrotron radiation microcomputed tomography and ash measurements. Med Phys. 2008;35(7):3170-3179.
1976	Carter DR, Hayes WC. Bone compressive strength: the influence of density and strain rate. Science. September 10, 1976;194(4270):1174-1176.
2021	Metzner F, Neupetsch C, Fischer J-P, Drossel W-G, Heyde C-E, Schleifenbaum S. Influence of osteoporosis on the compressive properties of femoral cancellous bone and its dependence on various density parameters. Sci Rep. June 24, 2021;11(1):13284.
1980	Hansson T, Roos B, Nachemson A. The bone mineral content and ultimate compressive strength of lumbar vertebrae. Spine. January–February 1980;5(1):46-55.
1987	Hansson TH, Keller TS, Panjabi MM. A study of the compressive properties of lumbar vertebral trabeculae: effects of tissue characteristics. Spine. January–February 1987;12(1):56-62.
1989	Keller TS, Hansson TH, Abram AC, Spengler DM, Panjabi MM. Regional variations in the compressive properties of lumbar vertebral trabeculae: effects of disc degeneration. Spine. September 1989;14(9):1012-1019.
1997	Silva MJ, Keaveny TM, Hayes WC. Load sharing between the shell and centrum in the lumbar vertebral body. Spine. January 1997;22(2):140-150.
2001	Birnbaum K, Sindelar R, Gärtner JR, Wirtz DC. Material properties of trabecular bone structures. Surg Radiol Anat. 2001;23(6):399-407.
2003	Bredbenner TL. Damage Modeling of Vertebral Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; January 2003.
2024	Szabo E. Insights Into the Mechanical Behavior of Maturing Cortical Bone: A Porcine Model [PhD thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; May 2024.
2018	Torres AM. Fatigue Behavior of Cancellous Bone, Microdamage Accumulation, and Biologically Inspired Cellular Solids [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; August 2018.
2005	Ho EY. Engineering Bioactive Polymers for the Next Generation of Bone Repair [PhD thesis]. Drexel University; April 2005.
2011	Dibb AT. Pediatric Head and Neck Dynamic Response: A Computational Study [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2011.
2020	Cox CA. Computational Modeling of the Lumbar Spine: Active Musculature and Intra‐abdominal Pressure in Compressive Loading [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2020.
1994	Zysset P. A Constitutive Law for Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Lausanne, Switzerland: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1994.
2005	Day JS. Bone Quality: The Mechanical Effects of Microarchitecture and Matrix Properties [PhD thesis]. Erasmus University Rotterdam; 2005.
2016	Currier EJ. Predicting Peak Load of the Femoral Neck Using Structural Parameters [Master's thesis]. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 2016.
2018	Muckatira SK. Error Estimation in Whole Bone Microstrain Measurement When Using Digital Volume Correlation [Master's thesis]. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 2018.
2002	Follet H. Caractérisation Biomécanique Et Modélisation 3D Par Imagerie X Et IRM Haute Résolution De L’os Spongieux Humain: Evaluation Du Risque Fracturaire [PhD thesis]. Institut national des sciences appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon); 2002.
2015	Weatherholt AM. Translational Studies Into the Effects of Exercise on Estimated Bone Strength [PhD thesis]. Indianapolis, IN: Indiana University; September 2015.
1999	Egi N. Functional Morphology of the Limb Bones in Recent Carnivores and Its Application to North American Hyaenodontid Creodonta [PhD thesis]. Johns Hopkins University; 1999.
2018	Davis C. Biomechanical Stability of Intraarticular Fractures of the Distal Femur Fixed by Intramedullary Nailing [Master's thesis]. Lehigh University; August 2018.
1986	Pintar FA. The Biomechanics of Spinal Elements [PhD thesis]. Marquette University; December 1986.
1972	Pugh JW. Structure and Dynamic Properties of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 1972.
1986	Cheal EJ. Trabecular Bone Remodeling Around Implants [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; June 1986.
1988	Lotz JC. Hip Fracture Risk Predictions by X-Ray Computed Tomography [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; August 1988.
1996	Ford CM. Failure of the Human Proximal Femur: Material and Structural Perspectives [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; September 1996.
1996	Silva MJ. Predicting the Failure Behavior of the Human Vertebral Body [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; February 1996.
2010	Johnson TPM. On the Rate-Dependent Constitutive Response of Cortical and Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; September 2010.
2005	Shin G. Viscoelastic Responses of the Lumbar Spine During Prolonged Stooping [PhD thesis]. North Carolina State University; 2005.
2015	Oftadeh R. Hierarchical Analysis and Multiscale Modelling of Cellular Structures: From Meta Materials to Bone Structure [PhD thesis]. Northeastern University; December 2015.
2004	Wang X. Measurement and Analysis of Microdamage in Bone [PhD thesis]. University of Notre Dame; December 2004.
2010	Shi X. Effects of Architecture on Microdamage Susceptibility in Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. University of Notre Dame; April 2010.
2012	Kelly N. An Experimental and Computational Investigation of the Inelastic Behaviour of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Galway, Ireland: National University of Ireland Galway; September 2012.
1998	D'Andrea SE. Lower Limb Response to Impact in Simulated Microgravity and 1G [PhD thesis]. The Ohio State University; 1998.
2018	Zimmermann Y. Développement d'une modélisation par éléments finis pour caractérisation non destructive de la biomécanique osseuse à partir d'images MICRO-CT [Master's thesis]. École polytechnique de Montréal; December 2018.
2011	Ahmed F. Multiscale Quantitative Imaging of Human Femoral Heads Using X-Ray Microtomography [PhD thesis]. Queen Mary University of London; 2011.
2009	Lievers WB. Effects of Geometric and Material Property Changes on the Apparent Elastic Properties of Cancellous Bone [PhD thesis]. Queen's University; April 2009.
2010	Engbretson AC. Determining the Modulus of Intact Bovine Vertebral Cancellous Bone Tissue: Development and Validation of a Protocol [Master's thesis]. Queen's University; August 25, 2010.
2018	Groenen KHJ. Spinal (in)stability in Metastatic Bone Disease: Experimental, Computational, and Clinical Perspectives [PhD thesis]. Radboud University; 2018.
2006	Whitty M. Development of a Physiological Three Dimensional Finite Element Model of a Human Tibia [Master's thesis]. Kingston, ON: Royal Military College of Canada; May 2006.
2011	Vijayaraghavan S. Duration of Reambulation Phases as a Modulator of the Detrimental Impact of Multiple Disuse Exposures on the Skeleton [Master's thesis]. Stony Brook, NY: Stony Brook University; August 2011.
1987	Turner CH. On the Relationship Between the Elastic Properties of Cancellous Bone and Its Structure [PhD thesis]. New Orleans, LA: Tulane University; 1987.
1994	Fritton SP. Computational Simulation of Trabecular Bone Adaptation [PhD thesis]. Tulane University; January 1994.
2002	Wohl GR. Bone Mechanics in Transplanted Osteochondral Grafts [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; September 2002.
2000	Nauman EA. The Analytical Design of a Hybrid Bone Substitute [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; Spring 2000.
2002	Morgan EF-i. The Dependence on Anatomic Site of Trabecular Bone Structure-Function Relationships [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2002.
2004	Kazakia GJ. Development, Analysis, and Imaging of a Tissue Engineered Trabecular Bone Substitute [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2004.
1988	Kim YE. An Analytical Investigation of Ligamentous Lumbar Spine Mechanics University of Iowa; May 1988.
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1993	McCubbrey DA. The Macroscopic Architectural Properties of Vertebral Trabecular Bone and Their Relation to Whole Vertebral Failure Loads [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 1993.
2019	Martig S. Compressive Fatigue Life and Micromorphology of Equine Metacarpal Subchondral Bone [PhD thesis]. University of Melbourne; June 2019.
1995	Grimm MJ. Ultrasound Propagation Through the Calcaneus: Dependence on “Bone Quality” and Prediction by Biot's Theory [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 1995.
2013	Liu CC. Effects of a New Conjugate Drug in a Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis [Master's thesis]. University of Toronto; 2013.
2011	Islam A. Mechanistic Model of Nanoscratch Test to Determine the in Situ Toughness of Bone [Master's thesis]. San Antionio, TX: University of Texas at San Antonio; May 2011.
2013	Montelongo SA. Mathematical Rendering of Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Using Stochastic Geometry and Voronoi Tessellation Methods [Master's thesis]. San Antionio, TX: University of Texas at San Antonio; May 2013.
1976	Hakim NSA. An Experimental Study and Finite-Element Analysis of the Mechanical Response of a Vertebra [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 1976.
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2019	Knowles NK. Improving Material Mapping in Glenohumeral Finite Element Models: A Multi-Level Evaluation [PhD thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2019.
2008	Burgers TA. Press-Fit Fixation and Viscoelastic Response of a Bone-Implant Interface in the Distal Femur [PhD thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Madison; 2008.
2009	García-Rodríguez S. Mechanical Behavior of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Madison; 2009.
1992	Oxland TR. Burst Fractures of the Human Thoracolumbar Spine: A Biomechanical Investigation [PhD thesis]. New Haven, CT: Yale University; May 1992.

Year	Entry
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1966	Sedlin‌ ED, Hirsch C. Factors affecting the determination of the physical properties of femoral cortical bone. Acta Orthop Scand. 1966;37(1):29-48.
1965	Sedlin ED. A rheologic model for cortical bone: a study of physical properties of human femoral samples. Acta Orthop Scand. 1965;(suppl 83):1-77.
1880	Messerer O. Über Elasticität und Festigkeit der menschlichen Knochen. Stuttgart, Germany: Cotta; 1880.
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