Strength of trabecular bone

Keaveny, Tony. M.

Year	Entry
1973	Pugh JW, Rose RM, Radin EL. A possible mechanism of Wolff's Law: trabecular microfractures. Arch Int Physiol Biochim. February 1973;81(1):27-40.
1985	Gibson LJ. The mechanical behaviour of cancellous bone. J Biomech. 1985;18(5):317-328.
1973	Vernon-Roberts B, Pirie CJ. Healing trabecular microfractures in the bodies of lumbar vertebrae. Ann Rheum Dis. September 1973;32(5):406-412.
1985	Kaplan SJ, Hayes WC, Stone JL, Beaupré GS. Tensile strength of bovine trabecular bone. J Biomech. 1985;18(9):723-727.
1997	Keaveny TM, Pinilla TP, Crawford RP, Kopperdahl DL, Lou A. Systematic and random errors in compression testing of trabecular bone [published correction appears in J Orthop Res. 1995;17(1):151]. J Orthop Res. 1997;15(1):101-110.
1997	Wachtel EF, Keaveny TM. Dependence of trabecular damage on mechanical strain. J Orthop Res. September 1997;15(5):781-787.
1998	Hou FJ, Lang SM, Hoshaw SJ, Reimann DA, Fyhrie DP. Human vertebral body apparent and hard tissue stiffness. J Biomech. November 1998;31(11):1009-1015.
1999	Keaveny TM, Wachtel EF, Zadesky SP, Arramon YP. Application of the Tsai–Wu quadratic multiaxial failure criterion to bovine trabecular bone. J Biomech Eng. February 1999;121(1):99-107.
1997	Silva MJ, Gibson LJ. The effects of non-periodic microstructure and defects on the compressive strength of two-dimensional cellular solids. Int J Mech Sci. May 1997;39(5):549-563.
2000	Kopperdahl DL, Pearlman JL, Keaveny TM. Biomechanical consequences of an isolated overload on the human vertebral body. J Orthop Res. September 2000;18(5):685-690.
1985	Beaupre GS, Hayes WC. Finite element analysis of a three-dimensional open-celled model for trabecular bone. J Biomech Eng. August 1985;107(3):249-256.
1999	Chang WCW, Christensen TM, Pinilla TP, Keaveny TM. Uniaxial yield strains for bovine trabecular bone are isotropic and asymmetric. J Orthop Res. July 1999;17(4):582-585.
1989	Odgaard A, Hvid I, Linde F. Compressive axial strain distributions in cancellous bone specimens. J Biomech. 1989;22(8-9):829-835.
1997	Gibson LJ, Ashby MF. Cellular Solids: Structure and Properties. 2nd ed. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 1997. Cambridge Solid State Science Series.
1985	Hvid I, Jensen NC, Bünger C, Sølund K, Djurhuus JC. Bone mineral assay: its relation to the mechanical strength of cancellous bone. Eng Med. 1985;14(2):79-83.
1990	Mosekilde L. Consequences of the remodelling process for vertebral trabecular bone structure: a scanning electron microscopy study (uncoupling of unloaded structures). Bone Miner. July 1990;10(1):13-35.
1989	Hvid I, Bentzen SM, Linde F, Mosekilde L, Pongsoipetch B. X-ray quantitative computed tomography: the relations to physical properties of proximal tibial trabecular bone specimens. J Biomech. 1989;22(8-9):837-844.
1988	Harrigan TP, Jasty M, Mann RW, Harris WH. Limitations of the continuum assumption in cancellous bone. J Biomech. 1988;21(4):269-275.
1996	Wenzel TE, Schaffler MB, Fyhrie DP. In vivo trabecular microcracks in human vertebral bone. Bone. August 1996;19(2):89-95.
1996	van Rietbergen B, Odgaard A, Kabel J, Huiskes R. Direct mechanics assessment of elastic symmetries and properties of trabecular bone architecture. J Biomech. December 1996;29(12):1653-1657.
1982	Williams JL, Lewis JL. Properties and an anisotropic model of cancellous bone from the proximal tibial epiphysis. J Biomech Eng. February 1982;104(1):50-56.
1996	Courtney AC, Hayes WC, Gibson LJ. Age-related differences in post-yield damage in human cortical bone: experiment and model. J Biomech. November 1996;29(11):1463-1471.
1994	Silva MJ, Wang C, Keaveny TM, Hayes WC. Direct and computed tomography thickness measurements of the human, lumbar vertebral shell and endplate. Bone. July 8, 1994;15(4):409-414.
1998	Fazzalari NL, Forwood MR, Smith K, Manthey BA, Herreen P. Assessment of cancellous bone quality in severe osteoarthrosis: bone mineral density, mechanics, and microdamage. Bone. 1998;22(4):381-388.
1977	Ducheyne P, Heymans L, Martens M, Aernoudt E, Meester Pd, Mulier JC. The mechanical behaviour of intracondylar cancellous bone of the femur at different loading rates. J Biomech. 1977;10(11-12):747-762.
1978	Hayes WC, Swenson LW Jr, Schurman DJ. Axisymmetric finite element analysis of the lateral tibial plateau. J Biomech. 1978;11(1-2):21-33.
1974	Schoenfeld CM, Lautenschlager EP, Meyer PR. Mechanical properties of human cancellous bone in the femoral head. Med Biol Eng. 1974;12(3):313-317.
1990	Jensen KS, Mosekilde L, Mosekilde L. A model of vertebral trabecular bone architecture and its mechanical properties. Bone. 1990;11(6):417-423.
1991	Odgaard A, Linde F. The underestimation of Young's modulus in compressive testing of cancellous bone specimens. J Biomech. 1991;24(8):691-698.
1997	Keaveny TM. Mechanistic approaches to analysis of trabecular bone. Forma. 1997;12(3-4):267-275.
1994	Courtney AC, Wachtel EF, Myers ER, Hayes WC. Effects of loading rate on strength of the proximal femur. Calcif Tiss Int. 1994;55(1):53-58.
1976	Burstein AH, Reilly DT, Martens M. Aging of bone tissue: mechanical properties. J Bone Joint Surg. 1976;58A(1):82-86.
1993	Fazzalari NL. Trabecular microfracture. Calcif Tiss Int. February 1993;53(suppl 1):S143-S147.
1997	Beck JD, Canfield BL, Haddock SM, Chen TJH, Kothari M, Keaveny TM. Three-dimensional imaging of trabecular bone using the computer numerically controlled milling technique. Bone. 1997;21(3):281-287.
1986	Cowin SC. Fabric dependence of an anisotropic strength criterion. Mech Mater. September 1986;5(3):251-260.
1993	Goldstein SA, Goulet R, McCubbrey D. Measurement and significance of three-dimensional architecture to the mechanical integrity of trabecular bone. Calcif Tiss Int. February 1993;53(suppl 1):S127-S133.
1996	Zysset PK, Curnier A. A 3D damage model for trabecular bone based on fabric tensors. J Biomech. December 1996;29(12):1549-1558.
1997	Mori S, Harruff R, Ambrosius W, Burr DB. Trabecular bone volume and microdamage accumulation in the femoral heads of women with and without femoral neck fractures. Bone. December 1997;21(6):521-526.
1994	Fyhrie DP, Schaffler MB. Failure mechanisms in human vertebral cancellous bone. Bone. 1994;15(1):105-109.
1995	Chung H, Wehrli FW, Williams JL, Wehrli SL. Three‐dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance microimaging of trabecular bone. J Bone Miner Res. October 1995;10(10):1452-1461.
1986	Mosekilde L, Mosekilde L. Normal vertebral body size and compressive strength: relations to age and to vertebral and iliac trabecular bone compressive strength. Bone. 1986;7(3):207-212.
1987	Mosekilde L, Mosekilde L, Danielsen CC. Biomechanical competence of vertebral trabecular bone in relation to ash density and age in normal individuals. Bone. 1987;8(2):79-85.
1988	Fondrk M, Bahniuk E, Davy DT, Michaels C. Some viscoplastic characteristics of bovine and human cortical bone. J Biomech. 1988;21(8):623-630.
1989	Mosekilde L. Sex differences in age-related loss of vertebral trabecular bone mass and structure—biomechanical consequences. Bone. 1989;10(6):425-432.
1989	Turner CH. Yield behavior of bovine cancellous bone [published correction appears in J Biomech Eng. 1989;111(4):335]. J Biomech Eng. August 1989;111(3):256-260.
1989	Linde F, Hvid I, Pongsoipetch B. Energy absorptive properties of human trabecular bone specimens during axial compression. J Orthop Res. May 1989;7(3):432-439.
1995	Burr DB, Hooser M. Alterations to the en bloc basic fuchsin staining protocol for the demonstration of microdamage produced in vivo. Bone. October 1995;17(4):431-433.
1987	Linde F, Hvid I. Stiffness behaviour of trabecular bone specimens. J Biomech. 1987;20(1):83-89.
1991	Lotz JC, Cheal EJ, Hayes WC. Fracture prediction for the proximal femur using finite element models, I: linear analysis. J Biomech Eng. 1991;113(4):353-360.
1989	Linde F, Hvid I. The effect of constraint on the mechanical behaviour of trabecular bone specimens. J Biomech. 1989;22(5):485-490.
1988	Rice JC, Cowin SC, Bowman JA. On the dependence of the elasticity and strength of cancellous bone on apparent density. J Biomech. 1988;21(2):155-168.
1983	Goldstein SA, Wilson DL, Sonstegard DA, Matthews LS. The mechanical properties of human tibial trabecular bone as a function of metaphyseal location. J Biomech. 1983;16(12):965-969.
1994	Guo X-DE, McMahon TA, Keaveny TM, Hayes WC, Gibson LJ. Finite element modeling of damage accumulation in trabecular bone under cyclic loading. J Biomech. February 1994;27(2):145-155.
1981	Hansson T, Roos B. Microcalluses of the trabeculae in lumbar vertebrae and their relation to the bone mineral content. Spine. July–August 1981;6(4):375-380.
1987	Hansson TH, Keller TS, Panjabi MM. A study of the compressive properties of lumbar vertebral trabeculae: effects of tissue characteristics. Spine. January–February 1987;12(1):56-62.
1989	Carter DR, Orr TE, Fyhrie DP. Relationships between loading history and femoral cancellous bone architecture. J Biomech. 1989;22(3):231-244.
1973	Pugh JW, Rose RM, Radin EL. Elastic and viscoelastic properties of trabecular bone: dependence on structure. J Biomech. 1973;6(5):475-485.
1970	Galante J, Rostoker W, Ray RD. Physical properties of trabecular bone. Calcif Tiss Res. 1970;5(1):236-246.
1980	Carter DR, Schwab GH, Spengler DM. Tensile fracture of cancellous bone. Acta Orthop Scand. 1980;51(5):733-741.
1998	Ladd AJC, Kinney JH, Haupt DL, Goldstein SA. Finite‐element modeling of trabecular bone: comparison with mechanical testing and determination of tissue modulus. J Orthop Res. September 1998;16(5):622-628.
1996	Hipp JA, Jansujwicz A, Simmons CA, Snyder BD. Trabecular bone morphology from micro-magnetic resonance imaging. J Bone Miner Res. February 1996;11(2):286-292.
1986	Cowin SC. Wolff’s law of trabecular architecture at remodeling equilibrium. J Biomech Eng. February 1986;108(1):83-88.
1985	Cowin SC. The relationship between the elasticity tensor and the fabric tensor. Mech Mater. 1985;4(2):137-147.
1997	McCalden RW, McGeough JA, Court-Brown CM. Age-related changes in the compressive strength of cancellous bone: the relative importance of changes in density and trabecular architecture. J Bone Joint Surg. March 1997;79A(3):421-427.
1991	Linde F, Nørgaard P, Hvid I, Odgaard A, Søballe K. Mechanical properties of trabecular bone: dependency on strain rate. J Biomech. 1991;24(9):803-809.
1992	Linde F, Hvid I, Madsen F. The effect of specimen geometry on the mechanical behaviour of trabecular bone specimens. J Biomech. 1992;25(4):359-368.
1993	McCalden RW, McGeough JA, Barker MB, Court-Brown CM. Age-related changes in the tensile properties of cortical bone: the relative importance of changes in porosity, mineralization, and microstructure. J Bone Joint Surg. 1993;75A(8):1193-1205.
1997	Martin RB, Gibson VA, Stover SM, Gibeling JC, Griffin LV. Residual strength of equine bone is not reduced by intense fatigue loading: implications for stress fracture. J Biomech. February 1997;30(2):109-114.
1992	Cowin SC, Turner CH. On the relationship between the orthotropic Young's moduli and fabric. J Biomech. December 1992;22(12):1493-1494.
1998	Silva MJ, Keaveny TM, Hayes WC. Computed tomography-based finite element analysis predicts failure loads and fracture patterns for vertebral sections. J Orthop Res. May 1998;16(3):300-308.
1997	Ding M, Dalstra M, Danielsen CC, Kabel J, Hvid I, Linde F. Age variations in the properties of human tibial trabecular bone. J Bone Joint Surg. November 1997;79B(6):995-1002.
1969	Patel MR. The Deformation and Fracture of Rigid Cellular Plastics Under Multiaxial Stress [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 1969.
1997	Silva MJ, Gibson LJ. Modeling the mechanical behavior of vertebral trabecular bone: effects of age-related changes in microstructure. Bone. 1997;21(2):191-199.
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1983	Stone JL, Beaupre GS, Hayes WC. Multiaxial strength characteristics of trabecular bone. J Biomech. 1983;16(9):743-752.
1973	Pugh JW, Rose RM, Radin EL. A structural model for the mechanical behavior of trabecular bone. J Biomech. 1973;6(6):657-670.
1985	Cezayirlioglu H, Bahniuk E, Davy DT, Heiple KG. Anisotropic yield behavior of bone under combined axial force and torque. J Biomech. 1985;18(1):61-69.
1996	Ford CM, Keaveny TM. The dependence of shear failure properties of trabecular bone on apparent density and trabecular orientation. J Biomech. 1996;29(10):1309-1317.
1980	Zilch H, Rohlmann A, Bergmann G, Kölbel R. Material properties of femoral cancellous bone in axial loading, II: time dependent properties. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. December 1980;97(4):257-262.
1989	Mosekilde L, Bentzen SM, Ørtoft G, Jørgensen J. The predictive value of quantitative computed tomography for vertebral body compressive strength and ash density. Bone. 1989;10(6):465-470.
1995	Kinney JH, Lane NE, Haupt DL. In vivo, three‐dimensional microscopy of trabecular bone. J Bone Miner Res. February 1995;10(2):264-270.
1999	Fenech CM, Keaveny TM. A cellular solid criterion for predicting the axial-shear failure properties of bovine trabecular bone. J Biomech Eng. August 1999;121(4):414-422.
1996	Keyak JH, Lee IY, Nath DS, Skinner HB. Postfailure compressive behavior of tibial trabecular bone in three anatomic directions. J Biomed Mater Res. July 1996;31(3):373-378.
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1969	Wakamatsu E, Sissons HA. The cancellous bone of the iliac crest. Calcif Tiss Res. December 1969;4(1):147-161.
2000	Yeh OC, Keaveny TM. Roles of microdamage and microfracture in the mechanical behavior of trabecular bone. In: Transacation of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society. March 12-15, 2000; Orlando, FL.
1998	Kinney JH, Ladd AJC. The relationship between three-dimensional connectivity and the elastic properties of trabecular bone. J Bone Miner Res. May 1998;13(5):839-845.
1999	Ulrich D, van Rietbergen B, Laib A, Rüegsegger P. Load transfer analysis of the distal radius from in-vivo high-resolution CT-imaging. J Biomech. August 1999;32(8):821-828.
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1976	Carter DR, Hayes WC. Bone compressive strength: the influence of density and strain rate. Science. September 10, 1976;194(4270):1174-1176.
1977	Carter DR, Hayes WC. The compressive behavior of bone as a two-phase porous structure. J Bone Joint Surg. 1977;59A(7):954-962.
1993	Michel MC, Guo X-DE, Gibson LJ, McMahon TA, Hayes WC. Compressive fatigue behavior of bovine trabecular bone. J Biomech. April–May 1993;26(4-5):453-463.
1994	Keaveny TM, Wachtel EF, Ford CM, Hayes WC. Differences between the tensile and compressive strengths of bovine tibial trabecular bone depend on modulus. J Biomech. 1994;27(9):1137-1146.
1994	Keaveny TM, Wachtel EF, Guo XE, Hayes WC. Mechanical behavior of damaged trabecular bone. J Biomech. November 1994;27(11):1309-1318.
1999	Turner CH, Rho J, Takano Y, Tsui TY, Pharr GM. The elastic properties of trabecular and cortical bone tissues are similar: results from two microscopic measurement techniques. J Biomech. April 1999;32(4):437-441.
1972	Todd RC, Freeman MAR, Pirie CJ. Isolated trabecular fatigue fractures in the femoral head. J Bone Joint Surg. November 1972;54B(4):723-728.
1998	Bowman SM, Guo XE, Cheng DW, Keaveny TM, Gibson LJ, Hayes WC, McMahon TA. Creep contributes to the fatigue behavior of bovine trabecular bone. J Biomech Eng. October 1998;120(5):647-654.
1992	Turner CH. On Wolff's law of trabecular architecture. J Biomech. January 1992;25(1):1-9.
1990	Turner CH, Cowin SC, Rho JY, Ashman RB, Rice JC. The fabric dependence of the orthotropic elastic constants of cancellous bone. J Biomech. 1990;23(6):549-561.
1991	Hollister SJ, Fyhrie DP, Jepsen KJ, Goldstein SA. Application of homogenization theory to the study of trabecular bone mechanics. J Biomech. 1991;24(9):825-839.
1989	Feldkamp LA, Goldstein SA, Parfitt MA, Jesion G, Kleerekoper M. The direct examination of three‐dimensional bone architecture in vitro by computed tomography. J Bone Miner Res. 1989;4(1):3-11.
1994	Hollister SJ, Brennan JM, Kikuchi N. A homogenization sampling procedure for calculating trabecular bone effective stiffness and tissue level stres. J Biomech. 1994;27(4):433-444.
1995	van Rietbergen B, Weinans H, Huiskes R, Odgaard A. A new method to determine trabecular bone elastic properties and loading using micromechanical finite-element models. J Biomech. January 1995;28(1):69-81.
1996	Van Rietbergen B, Weinans H, Huiskes R, Polman BJW. Computational strategies for iterative solutions of large FEM applications employing voxel data. Int J Num Meth Eng. August 30, 1996;39(16):2743-2767.
1982	Brown TD, Mutschler TA, Ferguson AB. A non-linear finite element analysis of some early collapse processes in femoral head osteonecrosis. J Biomech. 1982;15(9):705-715.
1998	Van Rietbergen B, Odgaard A, Kabel J, Huiskes R. Relationships between bone morphology and bone elastic properties can be accurately quantified using high‐resolution computer reconstructions. J Orthop Res. January 1998;16(1):23-28.
1999	Van Rietbergen B, Müller R, Ulrich D, Rüegsegger P, Huiskes R. Tissue stresses and strain in trabeculae of a canine proximal femur can be quantified from computer reconstructions. J Biomech. February 1999;32(2):165-173.
1997	Rho J-Y, Tsui TY, Pharr GM. Elastic properties of human cortical and trabecular lamellar bone measured by nanoindentation. Biomaterials. 1997;18(20):1325-1330.
1997	Burr DB, Forwood MR, Fyhrie DP, Martin RB, Schaffler MB, Turner CH. Bone microdamage and skeletal fragility in osteoporotic and stress fractures. J Bone Miner Res. January 1997;12(1):6-15.
1999	Kothari M, Keaveny TM, Lin JC, Newitt DC, Majumdar S. Measurement of intraspecimen variations in vertebral cancellous bone architecture. Bone. August 1999;25(2):245-250.
1990	Burr DB, Stafford T. Validity of the bulk-staining technique to separate artifactual from in vivo bone microdamage. Clin Orthop Relat Res. November 1990;260:305-308.
1999	Yeh OC, Keaveny TM. Biomechanical effects of intraspecimen variations in trabecular architecture: a three-dimensional finite element study. Bone. August 1999;25(2):223-228.
1993	Keaveny TM, Borchers RE, Gibson L, Hayes WC. Trabecular bone modulus and strength can depend on specimen geometry. J Biomech. August 1993;26(8):991-995.
1990	Snyder BD, Hayes WC. Multiaxial structure-property relations in trabecular bone. In: Mow VC, Ratcliffe A, Woo SL-Y, eds. Biomechanics of Diarthrodial Joints. Vol 2. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1990:31-59.
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1989	Benaissa R, Uhthoff HK, Mercier P. Repair of trabecular fatigue fractures: cadaver studies of the upper femur. Acta Orthop Scand. October 1989;60(5):585-589.
1998	Kopperdahl DL, Keaveny TM. Yield strain behavior of trabecular bone. J Biomech. July 1998;31(7):601-608.
1984	Ohtani T, Azuma H. Trabecular microfractures in the acetabulum: histologic studies in cadavers. Acta Orthop Scand. August 1984;55(4):419-422.
1975	Reilly DT, Burstein AH. The elastic and ultimate properties of compact bone tissue. J Biomech. 1975;8(6):393-405.
1994	Bowman SM, Keaveny TM, Gibson LJ, Hayes WC, McMahon TA. Compressive creep behavior of bovine trabecular bone. J Biomech. March 1994;27(3):301-310.
1990	Lotz JC, Gerhart TN, Hayes WC. Mechanical properties of trabecular bone from the proximal femur: a quantitative CT study. J Comput Assist Tomogr. January–February 1990;14(1):107-114.
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1985	Cheal EJ, Hayes WC, Lee CH, Snyder BD, Miller J. Stress analysis of a condylar knee tibial component: influence of metaphyseal shell properties and cement injection depth. J Orthop Res. 1985;3(4):424-434.

Year	Entry
2003	Lin ASP, Barrows TH, Cartmell SH, Guldberg RE. Microarchitectural and mechanical characterization of oriented porous polymer scaffolds. Biomaterials. February 2003;24(3):481-489.
2006	Hernandez CJ, Keaveny TM. A biomechanical perspective on bone quality. Bone. December 2006;39(6):1173-1181.
2006	Bevill G, Eswaran SK, Gupta A, Papadopoulos P, Keaveny TM. Influence of bone volume fraction and architecture on computed large-deformation failure mechanisms in human trabecular bone. Bone. December 2006;39(6):1218-1225.
2007	Perilli E, Baleani M, Öhman C, Baruffaldi F, Viceconti M. Structural parameters and mechanical strength of cancellous bone in the femoral head in osteoarthritis do not depend on age. Bone. November 2007;41(5):760-768.
2004	Doblaré M, García JM, Gomez MJ. Modelling bone tissue fracture and healing: a review. Eng Fract Mech. September 2004;71(13-14):1809-1840.
2004	Bayraktar HH, Keaveny TM. Mechanisms of uniformity of yield strains for trabecular bone. J Biomech. November 2004;37(11):1671-1678.
2013	Nawathe S, Juillard F, Keaveny TM. Theoretical bounds for the influence of tissue-level ductility on the apparent-level strength of human trabecular bone. J Biomech. April 26, 2013;46(7):1293-1299.
2007	Skedros JG, Baucomb SL. Mathematical analysis of trabecular “trajectories” in apparent trajectorial structures: the unfortunate historical emphasis on the human proximal femur. J Theo Biol. January 7, 2007;244(1):15-45.
2007	Fratzl P, Weinkamer R. Nature’s hierarchical materials. Prog Mater Sci. November 2007;52(8):1263-1334.
2010	Dux SJ. The Effect of Gamma Radiation Sterilization on Yield Properties and Microscopic Tissue Damage in Dense Cancellous Bone [Master's thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; January 2010.
2010	Loomis DA. A Biomechanical Analysis of Ape and Human Thoracic Vertebrae Using Quantitative Computed Tomography Based Finite Element Models [Master's thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; January 2010.
2011	Cotter MM. Gross Morphology, Microarchitecture, Strength and Evolution of the Hominoid Vertebral Body [PhD thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; May 2011.
2011	Kummari SR. Experimental and Computational Evaluation of Microscopic Tissue Damage and Remodeling Cavities in Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; May 2011.
2006	Fritton JC. Mechanical Loading Induced Adaptation of the Mouse Tibia [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; January 2006.
2007	Cole JH. The Role of Architecture and Tissue Properties in the Structural Integrity of Human Vertebral Cancellous Bone [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; May 2007.
2004	İnceoğlu S. Failure of Pedicle Screw-Bone Interface: Biomechanics of Pedicle Screw Insertion and Pullout [PhD thesis]. Cleveland State University; December 2004.
2005	Buie HR. Use of Finite Element Method Modelling and Rapid Prototyping to Study the Effect of Trabecular Bone Architecture on Apparent Mechanical Properties [Master's thesis]. Queen's University; November 2005.
2004	McNamara LM. Biomechanical Origins of Osteoporosis [PhD thesis]. Trinity College Dublin; March 2004.
2002	Morgan EF-i. The Dependence on Anatomic Site of Trabecular Bone Structure-Function Relationships [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2002.
2003	Bayraktar HH. Multiaxial Strength and Micromechanics of Human Bone [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2003.
2003	Fox JC. Biomechanics of the Proximal Femur: Role of Bone Distribution and Architecture [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2003.
2008	Bevill GR. Micromechanical Modeling of Failure in Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2008.
2010	Fields AJ. Trabecular Microarchitecture, Endplate Failure, and the Biomechanics of Human Vertebral Fractures [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2010.
2014	Nawathe S. Micromechanics of the Human Proximal Femur: Role of Microstructure and Tissue-Level Ductility on Femoral Strength [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2014.
2012	Evdokimenko E. Investigation Into Mechanical Properties of Bone and Its Main Constituents [PhD thesis]. San Diego (UCSD), University of California; 2012.
2005	Anderson DE. An Investigation of the Mechanical Implications of Sacroplasty Using Finite Element Models Based on Tomographic Image Data [Master's thesis]. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; April 25, 2005.
2009	García-Rodríguez S. Mechanical Behavior of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Madison; 2009.