Differences between the tensile and compressive strengths of bovine tibial trabecular bone depend on modulus

Keaveny, Tony M.; Wachtel, Edward F.; Ford, Catherine M.; Hayes, Wilson C.

Year	Entry
2001	van Rietbergen B, Huiskes R. Elastic constants of cancellous bone. In: Cowin SC, ed. Bone Mechanics Handbook. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2001:15-1–15-24.
2001	Keaveny TM. Strength of trabecular bone. In: Cowin SC, ed. Bone Mechanics Handbook. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2001:16-1–16-42.
2002	Currey JD. Bones: Structure and Mechanics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 2002.
2000	Ding M. Age variations in the properties of human tibial trabecular bone and cartilage. Acta Orthop Scand. 2000;71(suppl 292):1-45.
2000	Fyhrie DP, Hoshaw SJ, Hamid MS, Hou FJ. Shear stress distribution in the trabeculae of human vertebral bone. Ann Biomed Eng. October 2000;28(10):1194-1199.
2001	Keaveny TM, Morgan EF, Niebur GL, Yeh OC. Biomechanics of trabecular bone. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2001;3:307-333.
2004	Hellmich C, Ulm F-J, Dormieux L. Can the diverse elastic properties of trabecular and cortical bone be attributed to only a few tissue-independent phase properties and their interactions? arguments from a multiscale approach. Biomech Model Mechanobiol. June 2004;2(4):219-238.
2009	Rincón-Kohli L, Zysset PK. Multi-axial mechanical properties of human trabecular bone. Biomech Model Mechanobiol. June 2009;8(3):195-208.
2011	Varga P, Dall’Ara E, Pahr DH, Pretterklieber M, Zysset PK. Validation of an HR-pQCT-based homogenized finite element approach using mechanical testing of ultra-distal radius sections. Biomech Model Mechanobiol. July 2011;10(4):431-444.
2004	Yeni YN, Dong XN, Fyhrie DP, Les CM. The dependence between the strength and stiffness of cancellous and cortical bone tissue for tension and compression: extension of a unifying principle. Bio-med Mater Eng. 2004;14(3):303-310.
2000	Fyhrie DP, Vashishth D. Bone stiffness predicts strength similarly for human vertebral cancellous bone in compression and for cortical bone in tension. Bone. February 2000;26(2):169-173.
2000	Gadeleta SJ, Boskey AL, Paschalis E, Carlson C, Menschik F, Baldini T, Peterson M, Rimnac CM. A physical, chemical, and mechanical study of lumbar vertebrae from normal, ovariectomized, and nandrolone decanoate-treated cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis). Bone. October 2000;27(4):541-550.
2001	Tanck E, Homminga J, van Lenthe GH, Huiskes R. Increase in bone volume fraction precedes architectural adaptation in growing bone. Bone. June 2001;28(6):650-654.
2002	Homminga J, McCreadie BR, Ciarelli TE, Weinans H, Goldstein SA, Huiskes R. Cancellous bone mechanical properties from normals and patients with hip fractures differ on the structure level, not on the bone hard tissue level. Bone. May 2002;30(5):759-764.
2003	Crawford RP, Cann CE, Keaveny TM. Finite element models predict in vitro vertebral body compressive strength better than quantitative computed tomography. Bone. 2003;33(4):744-750.
2007	Nagaraja S, Lin ASP, Guldberg RE. Age-related changes in trabecular bone microdamage initiation. Bone. April 2007;40(4):973-980.
2007	MacNeil JA, Boyd SK. Load distribution and the predictive power of morphological indices in the distal radius and tibia by high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Bone. July 2007;41(1):129-137.
2007	Perilli E, Baleani M, Öhman C, Baruffaldi F, Viceconti M. Structural parameters and mechanical strength of cancellous bone in the femoral head in osteoarthritis do not depend on age. Bone. November 2007;41(5):760-768.
2009	Bevill G, Keaveny TM. Trabecular bone strength predictions using finite element analysis of micro-scale images at limited spatial resolution. Bone. April 2009;44(4):579-584.
2010	Varga P, Pahr DH, Baumbach S, Zysset PK. HR-pQCT based FE analysis of the most distal radius section provides an improved prediction of Colles' fracture load in vitro. Bone. November 2010;47(5):982-988.
2013	Hambli R. Micro-CT finite element model and experimental validation of trabecular bone damage and fracture. Bone. October 2013;56(2):363-374.
2008	Nazarian A, von Stechow D, Zurakowski D, Müller R, Snyder BD. Bone volume fraction explains the variation in strength and stiffness of cancellous bone affected by metastatic cancer and osteoporosis. Calcif Tiss Int. December 2008;83(6):368-379.
2006	Teo JCM, Si-Hoe KM, Keh JEL, Teoh SH. Relationship between CT intensity, micro-architecture and mechanical properties of porcine vertebral cancellous bone. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). March 2006;21(3):235-244.
2008	Helgason B, Perilli E, Schileo E, Taddei F, Brynjólfsson S, Viceconti M. Mathematical relationships between bone density and mechanical properties: a literature review. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2008;23(2):135-146.
2011	Donnelly E. Methods for assessing bone quality: a review. Clin Orthop Relat Res. August 2011;469:2128-2138.
2010	Fang G, Ji B, Liu XS, Guo XE. Quantification of trabecular bone microdamage using the virtual internal bond model and the individual trabeculae segmentation technique. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Eng. October 2010;13(5):605-15.
2004	Doblaré M, García JM, Gomez MJ. Modelling bone tissue fracture and healing: a review. Eng Fract Mech. September 2004;71(13-14):1809-1840.
2005	Wang X, Guyette J, Liu X, Roeder RK, Niebur GL. Axial-shear interaction effects on microdamage in bovine tibial trabecular bone. Euro J Morphol. February–April 2005;42(1-2):61-70.
2005	Ritchie RO, Kinney JH, Kruzic JJ, Nalla RK. A fracture mechanics and mechanistic approach to the failure of cortical bone. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct. April 2005;28(4):345-371.
2018	Levrero-Florencio F, Pankaj P. Using non-linear homogenization to improve the performance of macroscopic damage models of trabecular bone. Front Physiol. May 2018;9:545.
2021	Do XN, Hambli R, Ganghoffer J-F. Mesh-independent damage model for trabecular bone fracture simulation and experimental validation. Int J Num Meth Biomed Eng. June 2021;37(6):e3468.
2012	Skedros JG, Knight AN, Farnsworth RW, Bloebaum RD. Do regional modifications in tissue mineral content and microscopic mineralization heterogeneity adapt trabecular bone tracts for habitual bending? analysis in the context of trabecular architecture of deer calcanei. J Anat. March 2012;220(3):242-255.
1994	Keaveny TM, Wachtel EF, Guo XE, Hayes WC. Mechanical behavior of damaged trabecular bone. J Biomech. November 1994;27(11):1309-1318.
1996	Ford CM, Keaveny TM. The dependence of shear failure properties of trabecular bone on apparent density and trabecular orientation. J Biomech. 1996;29(10):1309-1317.
1996	Zysset PK, Curnier A. A 3D damage model for trabecular bone based on fabric tensors. J Biomech. December 1996;29(12):1549-1558.
1998	Keyak JH, Rossi SA, Jones KA, Skinner HB. Prediction of femoral fracture load using automated finite element modeling. J Biomech. February 1998;31(2):125-133.
1998	Kopperdahl DL, Keaveny TM. Yield strain behavior of trabecular bone. J Biomech. July 1998;31(7):601-608.
1998	Hou FJ, Lang SM, Hoshaw SJ, Reimann DA, Fyhrie DP. Human vertebral body apparent and hard tissue stiffness. J Biomech. November 1998;31(11):1009-1015.
2000	Keyak J, Rossi S. Prediction of femoral fracture load using finite element models: an examination of stress- and strain-based failure theories. J Biomech. 2000;33(2):209-214.
2000	Niebur GL, Feldstein MJ, Yuen JC, Chen TJ, Keaveny TM. High-resolution finite element models with tissue strength asymmetry accurately predict failure of trabecular bone. J Biomech. December 2000;33(12):1575-1583.
2001	Morgan EF, Keaveny TM. Dependence of yield strain of human trabecular bone on anatomic site. J Biomech. 2001;34(5):569-577.
2001	Niebur GL, Yuen JC, Burghardt AJ, Keaveny TM. Sensitivity of damage predictions to tissue level yield properties and apparent loading conditions. J Biomech. May 2001;34(5):699-706.
2001	Yeni YN, Fyhrie DP. Finite element calculated uniaxial apparent stiffness is a consistent predictor of uniaxial apparent strength in human vertebral cancellous bone tested with different boundary conditions. J Biomech. December 2001;34(12):1649-1654.
2002	Jaasma MJ, Bayraktar HH, Niebur GL, Keaveny TM. Biomechanical effects of intraspecimen variations in tissue modulus for trabecular bone. J Biomech. 2002;35(2):237-246.
2003	Yeni YN, Fyhrie DP. A rate-dependent microcrack-bridging model that can explain the strain rate dependency of cortical bone apparent yield strength. J Biomech. September 2003;36(9):1343-1353.
2003	Homminga J, McCreadie BR, Weinans H, Huiskes R. The dependence of the elastic properties of osteoporotic cancellous bone on volume fraction and fabric. J Biomech. October 2003;36(10):1461-1467.
2004	Bayraktar HH, Morgan EF, Niebur GL, Morris GE, Wong EK, Keaveny TM. Comparison of the elastic and yield properties of human femoral trabecular and cortical bone tissue. J Biomech. January 2004;37(1):27-35.
2004	Haddock SM, Yeh OC, Mummaneni PV, Rosenberg WS, Keaveny TM. Similarity in the fatigue behavior of trabecular bone across site and species. J Biomech. February 2004;37(2):181-187.
2004	Morgan E, Bayraktar H, Yeh O, Majumdar S, Burghardt A, Keaveny T. Contribution of inter-site variations in architecture to trabecular bone apparent yield strains. J Biomech. 2004;37(9):1413-1420.
2005	Gibson LJ. Biomechanics of cellular solids. J Biomech. 2005;38(3):377-399.
2005	Nagaraja S, Couse TL, Guldberg RE. Trabecular bone microdamage and microstructural stresses under uniaxial compression. J Biomech. 2005;38(4):707-716.
2005	Nalla RK, Stölken JS, Kinney JH, Ritchie RO. Fracture in human cortical bone: local fracture criteria and toughening mechanisms. J Biomech. July 2005;38(7):1517-1525.
2007	Bessho M, Ohnishi I, Matsuyama J, Matsumoto T, Imai K, Nakamura K. Prediction of strength and strain of the proximal femur by a CT-based finite element method. J Biomech. 2007;40(8):1745-1753.
2008	Perilli E, Baleani M, Öhman C, Fognani R, Baruffaldi F, Viceconti M. Dependence of mechanical compressive strength on local variations in microarchitecture in cancellous bone of proximal human femur. J Biomech. 2008;41(2):438-446.
2008	Burgers TA, Mason J, Niebur G, Ploeg HL. Compressive properties of trabecular bone in the distal femur. J Biomech. 2008;41(5):1077-1085.
2011	Green JO, Nagaraja S, Diab T, Vidakovic B, Guldberg RE. Age-related changes in human trabecular bone: relationship between microstructural stress and strain and damage morphology. J Biomech. 2011;44(12):2279-2285.
2014	Zhou B, Liu XS, Wang J, Lu XL, Fields AJ, Guo XE. Dependence of mechanical properties of trabecular bone on plate-rod microstructure determined by individual trabecula segmentation (ITS). J Biomech. February 7, 2014;47(3):702-708.
2014	Roberts BC, Perilli E, Reynolds KJ. Application of the digital volume correlation technique for the measurement of displacement and strain fields in bone: a literature review. J Biomech. March 21, 2014;47(5):923-934.
1999	Keaveny TM, Wachtel EF, Zadesky SP, Arramon YP. Application of the Tsai–Wu quadratic multiaxial failure criterion to bovine trabecular bone. J Biomech Eng. February 1999;121(1):99-107.
1999	Fenech CM, Keaveny TM. A cellular solid criterion for predicting the axial-shear failure properties of bovine trabecular bone. J Biomech Eng. August 1999;121(4):414-422.
2001	Morgan EF, Yeh OC, Chang WC, Keaveny TM. Nonlinear behavior of trabecular bone at small strains. J Biomech Eng. February 2001;123(1):1-9.
2002	Arthur Moore TL, Gibson LJ. Microdamage accumulation in bovine trabecular bone in uniaxial compression. J Biomech Eng. February 2002;124(1):63-71.
2004	Bayraktar HH, Gupta A, Kwon RY, Papadopoulos P, Keaveny TM. The modified super-ellipsoid yield criterion for human trabecular bone. J Biomech Eng. 2004;126(6):677-684.
2011	Nagaraja S, Skrinjar O, Guldberg RE. Spatial correlations of trabecular bone microdamage with local stresses and strains using rigid image registration. J Biomech Eng. June 2011;133(6):064502.
2015	Oftadeh R, Perez-Viloria M, Villa-Camacho JC, Vaziri A, Nazarian A. Biomechanics and mechanobiology of trabecular bone: a review. J Biomech Eng. January 2015;137(1):010802.
2020	Salem M, Westover L, Adeeb S, Duke K. An equivalent constitutive model of cancellous bone with fracture prediction. J Biomech Eng. December 2020;142(12):121004.
1996	Keyak JH, Lee IY, Nath DS, Skinner HB. Postfailure compressive behavior of tibial trabecular bone in three anatomic directions. J Biomed Mater Res. July 1996;31(3):373-378.
2005	Nazarian A, Stauber M, Müller R. Design and implementation of a novel mechanical testing system for cellular solids. J Biomed Mater Res. 2005;B73(2):400-411.
2000	Whealan KM, Kwak SD, Tedrow JR, Inoue K, Snyder BD. Noninvasive imaging predicts failure load of the spine with simulated osteolytic defects. J Bone Joint Surg. September 2000;82A(9):1240-1251.
2000	Nafei A, Danielsen CC, Linde F, Hvid I. Properties of growing trabecular ovine bone, I: mechanical and physical properties. J Bone Joint Surg. August 2000;82B(6):910-920.
2005	Gong H, Zhang M, Yeung HY, Qin L. Regional variations in microstructural properties of vertebral trabeculae with aging. J Bone Min Metab. March 2005;23(2):174-180.
1996	Ford CM, Keaveny TM, Hayes WC. The effect of impact direction on the structural capacity of the proximal femur during falls. J Bone Miner Res. March 1996;11(3):377-383.
2006	Stauber M, Rapillard L, van Lenthe GH, Zysset P, Müller R. Importance of individual rods and plates in the assessment of bone quality and their contribution to bone stiffness. J Bone Miner Res. April 2006;21(4):586-595.
2015	Maquer G, Musy SN, Wandel J, Gross T, Zysset PK. Bone volume fraction and fabric anisotropy are better determinants of trabecular bone stiffness than other morphological variables. J Bone Miner Res. June 2015;30(6):1000-1008.
2023	Emerzian SR, Wu T, Vaidya R, Tang SY, Abergel RJ, Keaveny TM. Relative effects of radiation-induced changes in bone mass, structure, and tissue material on vertebral strength in a rat model. J Bone Miner Res. July 2023;38(7):1032-1042.
2013	Carretta R, Stüssi E, Müller R, Lorenzetti S. Within subject heterogeneity in tissue-level post-yield mechanical and material properties in human trabecular bone. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. August 2013;24:64-73.
2013	Ridha H, Thurner PJ. Finite element prediction with experimental validation of damage distribution in single trabeculae during three-point bending tests. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. November 2013;27:94-106.
2014	Gillard F, Boardman R, Mavrogordato M, Hollis D, Sinclair I, Pierron F, Browne M. The application of digital volume correlation (DVC) to study the microstructural behaviour of trabecular bone during compression. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. January 2014;29:480-499.
2020	Bokam P, Germaneau A, Rigoard P, Vendeuvre T, Valle V. Evaluation of fracture properties of cancellous bone tissues using digital image correlation/wedge splitting test method. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. February 2020;102:103469.
2020	Fleps I, Bahaloo H, Zysset PK, Ferguson SJ, Pálsson H, Helgason B. Empirical relationships between bone density and ultimate strength: a literature review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. October 2020;110:103866.
1997	Keaveny TM, Pinilla TP, Crawford RP, Kopperdahl DL, Lou A. Systematic and random errors in compression testing of trabecular bone [published correction appears in J Orthop Res. 1995;17(1):151]. J Orthop Res. 1997;15(1):101-110.
1997	Wachtel EF, Keaveny TM. Dependence of trabecular damage on mechanical strain. J Orthop Res. September 1997;15(5):781-787.
1999	Keaveny TM, Wachtel EF, Kopperdahl DL. Mechanical behavior of human trabecular bone after overloading. J Orthop Res. May 1999;17(3):346-353.
1999	Chang WCW, Christensen TM, Pinilla TP, Keaveny TM. Uniaxial yield strains for bovine trabecular bone are isotropic and asymmetric. J Orthop Res. July 1999;17(4):582-585.
1999	Oden ZM, Selvitelli DM, Bouxsein ML. Effect of local density changes on the failure load of the proximal femur. J Orthop Res. September 1999;17(5):661-667.
2001	Keyak JH, Rossi SA, Jones K, Les CM, Skinner HB. Prediction of fracture location in the proximal femur using finite element models. Med Eng Phys. November 2001;23(9):657-664.
2012	Edwards WB, Troy KL. Finite element prediction of surface strain and fracture strength at the distal radius. Med Eng Phys. April 2012;34(3):290-298.
2020	Mosleh H, Rouhi G, Ghouchani A, Bagheri N. Prediction of fracture risk of a distal femur reconstructed with bone cement: QCSRA, FEA, and in-vitro cadaver tests. Phys Eng Sci Med. March 2020;43(1):269-277.
2020	Aguirre TG, Ingrole A, Fuller L, Seek TW, Fiorillo AR, Sertich JJW, Donahue SW. Differing trabecular bone architecture in dinosaurs and mammals contribute to stiffness and limits on bone strain. PLoS One. August 19, 2020;15(8):e0237042.
1998	Currey JD. Mechanical properties of vertebrate hard tissues. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part H-J Eng Med. 1998;216(6):399-411.
2020	Salem M, Westover L, Adeeb S, Duke K. Prediction of failure in cancellous bone using extended finite element method. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part H-J Eng Med. September 2020;243(9):988-999.
1997	Silva MJ, Keaveny TM, Hayes WC. Load sharing between the shell and centrum in the lumbar vertebral body. Spine. January 1997;22(2):140-150.
2001	Homminga J, Weinans H, Gowin W, Felsenberg D, Huiskes R. Ostehoporosis changes the amount of vertebral trabecular bone at risk of fracture but not the vertebral load distribution. Spine. July 2001;26(14):1555-1560.
2006	Gong H, Zhang M, Qin L, Lee KKH, Guo X, Shi S-Q. Regional variations in microstructural properties of vertebral trabeculae with structural groups. Spine. January 2006;31(1):24-32.
2006	Imai K, Ohnishi I, Bessho M, Nakamura K. Nonlinear finite element model predicts vertebral bone strength and fracture site. Spine. July 15, 2006;31(16):1789-1794.
2023	Saenz N. Fracture Variations in Survivable Versus Fatal Craniofacial Blunt Force Trauma Associated With Intimate Partner Violence [Master's thesis]. Boston University; 2023.
2010	Dux SJ. The Effect of Gamma Radiation Sterilization on Yield Properties and Microscopic Tissue Damage in Dense Cancellous Bone [Master's thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; January 2010.
2010	Loomis DA. A Biomechanical Analysis of Ape and Human Thoracic Vertebrae Using Quantitative Computed Tomography Based Finite Element Models [Master's thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; January 2010.
2011	Genc KO. The Effects of Altered Gravity Environments on the Mechanobiology of Bone: From Bedrest to Spaceflight [PhD thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; August 2011.
2020	Aguirre TG. Bio-Inspired Design for Engineering Applications: Empirical and Finite Element Studies of Biomechanically Adapted Porous Bone Architectures [PhD thesis]. Colorado State University; Summer 2020.
2007	Liu XS. High-Resolution Image Based Micro-Mechanical Modeling of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2007.
2010	Zhang XH. High Resolution Imaging Based Patient Specific Biomechanical Assessment of Bone Quality [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2010.
2015	Zhou B. Bone Quality Assessment Using High Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (HR-PQCT) [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2015.
2007	Cole JH. The Role of Architecture and Tissue Properties in the Structural Integrity of Human Vertebral Cancellous Bone [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; May 2007.
2012	Slyfield CR Jr. The Biomechanics of Bone Turnover [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; January 2012.
2015	Goff M. The Role of Micro and Ultra-Structure in Microdamage Accumulation in Cancellous Bone [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; August 2015.
2005	Cook RB. Non-Invasively Assessed Skeletal Bone Status and Its Relationship to the Biomechanical Properties and Condition of Cancellous Bone [PhD thesis]. Cranfield, UK: Cranfield University; December 18, 2005.
2004	İnceoğlu S. Failure of Pedicle Screw-Bone Interface: Biomechanics of Pedicle Screw Insertion and Pullout [PhD thesis]. Cleveland State University; December 2004.
2013	Souzanchi MF. The Effect of Microarchitecture and Fabric Anisotropy of Trabecular Bone on Its Mechanical Behavior [PhD thesis]. New York, NY: The City University of New York; 2013.
2011	Donaldson FE. On Incorporating Bone Microstructure in Macro-Finite-Element Models [PhD thesis]. Edinburgh, UK: University of Edinburgh; March 2011.
2016	Florencio FL. Multiscale Modelling of Trabecular Bone: From Micro to Macroscale [PhD thesis]. Edinburgh, Scotland: University of Edinburgh; 2016.
2018	Xie S. Characterisation of Time-Dependent Mechanical Behaviour of Trabecular Bone and Its Constituents [PhD thesis]. Edinburgh, Scotland: University of Edinburgh; 2018.
2006	Garcia D. Elastic Plastic Damage Laws for Cortical Bone [PhD thesis]. Lausanne, Switzerland: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 2006.
2005	Stauber M. Volumetric Spatial Decomposition of Porous Microstructures: A Framework for Element Based Analysis of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 2005.
2008	Nazarian A. Relative Interaction of Material and Structure in Normal and Pathologic Bone [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 2008.
2014	Carretta R. Post-Yield Mechanics and Material Composition of Single Trabeculae: A Combined Experimental and Modelling Approach [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 2014.
2006	Nagaraja S. Microstructural Stresses and Strains Associated With Trabecular Bone Microdamage [PhD thesis]. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology; December 2006.
2010	Wang JL. Effects of Aging and Remodeling on Bone Microdamage Formation [Master's thesis]. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology; December 2010.
2011	O'Neal JM. The Effects of Aging and Remodeling on Bone Quality and Microdamage [PhD thesis]. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology; August 2011.
2010	Feng L. Multi-Scale Characterization of Swine Femoral Cortical Bone and Long Bone Defect Repair by Regeneration [PhD thesis]. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 2010.
2020	Song H. The Effect of Mechanical Loading on Bone During Growth [PhD thesis]. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 2020.
2023	Moshage SG. Non-Invasive Determinants of Juvenile Equine Bone Strength for Assessing Exercise Interventions [PhD thesis]. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 2023.
2007	Geris L. Mathematical Modelling of Bone Regeneration During Fracture Healing and Implant Osseointegration [PhD thesis]. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; May 2007.
2014	Holub O. Biomechanics of Spinal Metastases [PhD thesis]. University of Leeds; April 2014.
1996	Ford CM. Failure of the Human Proximal Femur: Material and Structural Perspectives [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; September 1996.
1996	Silva MJ. Predicting the Failure Behavior of the Human Vertebral Body [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; February 1996.
2001	Arthur Moore TL. Microdamage Accumulation in Bovine Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; June 2001.
2001	Ewers BJ III. Correlations of Stress and Strain With Alterations in Cartilage and Underlying Subchondral Bone Following an Impact in an in Vivo Animal and an in Vitro Explant Model [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 2001.
2015	Oftadeh R. Hierarchical Analysis and Multiscale Modelling of Cellular Structures: From Meta Materials to Bone Structure [PhD thesis]. Northeastern University; December 2015.
2004	Wang X. Measurement and Analysis of Microdamage in Bone [PhD thesis]. University of Notre Dame; December 2004.
2010	Shi X. Effects of Architecture on Microdamage Susceptibility in Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. University of Notre Dame; April 2010.
2012	Kelly N. An Experimental and Computational Investigation of the Inelastic Behaviour of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Galway, Ireland: National University of Ireland Galway; September 2012.
2020	O’Sullivan LM. Time-Sequence of Biomechanical Adaption in Trabecular Tissue During Estrogen Deficiency [PhD thesis]. National University of Ireland Galway; March 2020.
2022	Khakpour S. Multi-Component Finite Element Analysis of Low- Energy Acetabular Fracture: Computational Study of Pelvic Girdle Fracture Mechanism [PhD thesis]. University of Oulu; 2022.
2012	Tozzi G. In Vitro Studies of Bone-Cement Interface and Related Work on Cemented Acetabular Replacement [PhD thesis]. Portsmouth, England: University of Portsmouth; May 29, 2012.
2020	Karali A. Multi-Scale Evaluation of Bone Combining Indentation, in Situ XCT Mechanics and Digital Volume Correlation [PhD thesis]. Portsmouth, England: University of Portsmouth; 2020.
2005	Buie HR. Use of Finite Element Method Modelling and Rapid Prototyping to Study the Effect of Trabecular Bone Architecture on Apparent Mechanical Properties [Master's thesis]. Queen's University; November 2005.
2001	Tanck EJM. Mechanical Regulation of Bone Development [PhD thesis]. Nijmegen, Netherlands: Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen; June 2001.
2016	Chen Y. Verification and Validation of MicroCT-Based Finite Element Models of Bone Tissue Biomechanics [PhD thesis]. Sheffield, UK: University of Sheffield; July 2016.
2011	Yao H. Microstructure-Based Characterization and Modeling of Trabecular Bone Deformation and Failure [PhD thesis]. Southern Methodist University; August 3, 2011.
2001	Lin W. Development of Quantitative Ultrasound to Determine the Physical Properties of Bone [PhD thesis]. Stony Brook, NY: State University of New York at Stony Brook; May 2001.
2004	Prommin D. Compressive Behavior of Trabecular Bone in the Proximal Tibia Using a Cellular Solid Model [PhD thesis]. Texas A&M University; August 2004.
2004	McNamara LM. Biomechanical Origins of Osteoporosis [PhD thesis]. Trinity College Dublin; March 2004.
2008	Kennedy OD. The Effect of Bone Turnover on Bone Quality and Material Properties [PhD thesis]. Trinity College Dublin; 2008.
2004	Shimko DA. Design and Optimization of a Tissue-Engineered Bone Graft Substitute [PhD thesis]. Tulane University; 2004.
2009	Varga P. Prediction of Distal Radius Fracture Load Using HR-PQCT-Based Finite Element Analysis [PhD thesis]. Vienna University of Technology; December 2009.
2020	Salem M. Investigation of Pelvic Bone Fracture Mechanism and Simulated Treatment [PhD thesis]. Edmonton, AB: University of Alberta; 2020.
2007	Klinck RJ. Establishing in Vivo Micro-CT for Use in Mouse Models of Osteoprosis [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; December 2007.
2007	MacNeil JAM. Clinical Assessment of Bone Quality [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; June 2007.
2013	Enns-Bray WS. Mapping Anisotropy of the Proximal Femur for Improved Image-Based Finite Element Analysis [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; August 2013.
2018	George JK. Using Finite Element Models Under Multiple Loading Conditions to Improve the Association Between Radius and Tibia Microarchitecture and Prevalent Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; May 2018.
1996	Keyak JH. Prediction of Femoral Strength Using Automated Finite Element Modeling [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 1996.
1998	Kopperdahl DL. Structural Consequences of Damage on the Mechanical Behavior of the Human Vertebral Body [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 1998.
2000	Niebur GL. A Computational Investigation of Multiaxial Failure in Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2000.
2002	Morgan EF-i. The Dependence on Anatomic Site of Trabecular Bone Structure-Function Relationships [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2002.
2003	Bayraktar HH. Multiaxial Strength and Micromechanics of Human Bone [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2003.
2008	Bevill GR. Micromechanical Modeling of Failure in Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2008.
2013	Sanyal A. Bone Strength Multi-Axial Behavior: Volume Fraction, Anisotropy and Microarchitecture [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2013.
2018	Pendleton MM. Effects of Spaceflight- and Clinically-Relevant Ionizing Radiation Exposure on Bone Biomechanics [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2018.
2019	Sadoughi S. Micromechanics of Human Bone: Role of Architecture and Tissue Material Properties [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2019.
2007	Ruffoni D. Modeling of Material and Architectural Quality of Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Liège, Belgique: Université de Liège; September 2007.
2020	Amromanoh OA. An Experimental Study of the Effect of Bone Inorganic-Organic Composition on the Mechanical Properties [Master's thesis]. Winnipeg, MB: University of Manitoba; April 2020.
2000	McCreadie BR. Structural and Material Changes in Osteoporosis: Their Impact on the Mechanical Environment of the Osteocyte [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 2000.
2020	Patton DM. Changes in Femoral Structure and Function Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and With Aging [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 2020.
2013	Mecke D. Probabilistic Analysis of the Microstructure of Human Trabecular Bone With High and Low Volume Fractions [Master's thesis]. San Antionio, TX: University of Texas at San Antonio; December 2013.
2018	Khor F. Computational Modeling of Hard Tissue Response and Fracture in the Lower Cervical Spine Under Compression Including Age Effects [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018.
2019	Knowles NK. Improving Material Mapping in Glenohumeral Finite Element Models: A Multi-Level Evaluation [PhD thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2019.
2021	Kusins J. A Multi-Level Mechanical Assessment of the Shoulder Coupled With Evaluation of Upper Extremity Predictive Finite Element Models [PhD thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2021.
2008	Burgers TA. Press-Fit Fixation and Viscoelastic Response of a Bone-Implant Interface in the Distal Femur [PhD thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Madison; 2008.
2011	Aiyangar AK. Physical and Computational Modeling of Subsidence of Anterior Interbody Fusion Devices [PhD thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Madison; 2011.

Year	Entry
1985	Gibson LJ. The mechanical behaviour of cancellous bone. J Biomech. 1985;18(5):317-328.
1975	Reilly DT, Burstein AH. The elastic and ultimate properties of compact bone tissue. J Biomech. 1975;8(6):393-405.
1993	Mizrahi J, Silva MJ, Keaveny TM, Edwards WT, Hayes WC. Finite-element stress analysis of the normal and osteoporotic lumbar vertebral body. Spine. October 15, 1993;18(14):2088-2096.
1983	Stone JL, Beaupre GS, Hayes WC. Multiaxial strength characteristics of trabecular bone. J Biomech. 1983;16(9):743-752.
1978	Hayes WC, Swenson LW Jr, Schurman DJ. Axisymmetric finite element analysis of the lateral tibial plateau. J Biomech. 1978;11(1-2):21-33.
1985	Cezayirlioglu H, Bahniuk E, Davy DT, Heiple KG. Anisotropic yield behavior of bone under combined axial force and torque. J Biomech. 1985;18(1):61-69.
1994	Keaveny TM, Guo XE, Wachtel EF, McMahon TA, Hayes WC. Trabecular bone exhibits fully linear elastic behavior and yields at low strains. J Biomech. 1994;27(9):1127-1136.
1988	Fondrk M, Bahniuk E, Davy DT, Michaels C. Some viscoplastic characteristics of bovine and human cortical bone. J Biomech. 1988;21(8):623-630.
1983	Bensusan JS, Davy DT, Heiple KG, Verdin KG. Tensile, compressive and torsional testing of cancellous bone. In: Transacation of the 29th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society. March 8-10, 1983; Anaheim, CA.132.
1990	Huiskes R. The various stress patterns of press-fit, ingrown, and cemented femoral stems. Clin Orthop Relat Res. December 1990;261:27-38.
1987	Mosekilde L, Mosekilde L, Danielsen CC. Biomechanical competence of vertebral trabecular bone in relation to ash density and age in normal individuals. Bone. 1987;8(2):79-85.
1989	Linde F, Hvid I, Pongsoipetch B. Energy absorptive properties of human trabecular bone specimens during axial compression. J Orthop Res. May 1989;7(3):432-439.
1983	Neil JL, Demos TC, Stone JL, Hayes WC. Tensile and compressive properties of vertebral trabecular bone. In: Transacation of the 29th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society. March 8-10, 1983; Anaheim, CA.344.
1991	Ciarelli MJ, Goldstein SA, Kuhn JL, Cody DD, Brown MB. Evaluation of orthogonal mechanical properties and density of human trabecular bone from the major metaphyseal regions with materials testing and computed tomography. J Orthop Res. May 1991;9(5):674-682.
1989	Turner CH. Yield behavior of bovine cancellous bone [published correction appears in J Biomech Eng. 1989;111(4):335]. J Biomech Eng. August 1989;111(3):256-260.
1977	Carter DR, Hayes WC. The compressive behavior of bone as a two-phase porous structure. J Bone Joint Surg. 1977;59A(7):954-962.
1991	Røhl L, Larsen E, Linde F, Odgaard A, Jørgensen J. Tensile and compressive properties of cancellous bone. J Biomech. 1991;24(12):1143-1149.
1989	Odgaard A, Hvid I, Linde F. Compressive axial strain distributions in cancellous bone specimens. J Biomech. 1989;22(8-9):829-835.
1983	Goldstein SA, Wilson DL, Sonstegard DA, Matthews LS. The mechanical properties of human tibial trabecular bone as a function of metaphyseal location. J Biomech. 1983;16(12):965-969.
1971	Tsai SW, Wu EM. A general theory of strength for anisotropic materials. J Compos Mater. January 1971;5(1):58-80.
1985	Hvid I, Jensen NC, Bünger C, Sølund K, Djurhuus JC. Bone mineral assay: its relation to the mechanical strength of cancellous bone. Eng Med. 1985;14(2):79-83.
1984	Hvid I, Jensen J. Cancellous bone strength at the proximal human tibia. Eng Med. January 1984;13(1):21-25.
1990	Lotz JC, Gerhart TN, Hayes WC. Mechanical properties of trabecular bone from the proximal femur: a quantitative CT study. J Comput Assist Tomogr. January–February 1990;14(1):107-114.
1991	Lotz JC, Cheal EJ, Hayes WC. Fracture prediction for the proximal femur using finite element models, I: linear analysis. J Biomech Eng. 1991;113(4):353-360.
1989	Hvid I, Bentzen SM, Linde F, Mosekilde L, Pongsoipetch B. X-ray quantitative computed tomography: the relations to physical properties of proximal tibial trabecular bone specimens. J Biomech. 1989;22(8-9):837-844.
1994	Bowman SM, Keaveny TM, Gibson LJ, Hayes WC, McMahon TA. Compressive creep behavior of bovine trabecular bone. J Biomech. March 1994;27(3):301-310.
1987	Hansson TH, Keller TS, Panjabi MM. A study of the compressive properties of lumbar vertebral trabeculae: effects of tissue characteristics. Spine. January–February 1987;12(1):56-62.
1987	Vahey JW, Lewis JL, Vanderby R Jr. Elastic moduli, yield stress, and ultimate stress of cancellous bone in the canine proximal femur. J Biomech. 1987;20(1):29-33.
1970	Galante J, Rostoker W, Ray RD. Physical properties of trabecular bone. Calcif Tiss Res. 1970;5(1):236-246.
1980	Carter DR, Schwab GH, Spengler DM. Tensile fracture of cancellous bone. Acta Orthop Scand. 1980;51(5):733-741.
1985	Kaplan SJ, Hayes WC, Stone JL, Beaupré GS. Tensile strength of bovine trabecular bone. J Biomech. 1985;18(9):723-727.
1987	Walker PS, Schneeweis D, Murphy S, Nelson P. Strains and micromotions of press-fit femoral stem prostheses. J Biomech. 1987;20(7):693-702.
1975	Burstein AH, Zika JM, Heiple KG, Klein L. Contribution of collagen and mineral to the elastic-plastic properties of bone. J Bone Joint Surg. October 1975;57A(7):956-961.
1980	Brown TD, Ferguson AB Jr. Mechanical property distributions in the cancellous bone of the human proximal femur. Acta Orthop Scand. 1980;51(1):429-437.
1993	Keaveny TM, Borchers RE, Gibson L, Hayes WC. Trabecular bone modulus and strength can depend on specimen geometry. J Biomech. August 1993;26(8):991-995.