Chestband analysis of human tolerance to side impact

Pintar, Frank A.; Yoganandan, Narayan; Hines, Margaret H.; Maltese, Matthew R.; McFadden, Joseph; Saul, Roger; Eppinger, Rolf; Khaewpong, Nopporn; Kleinberger, Michael

Year	Entry
2001	Furusu K, Watanabe I, Kato C, Miki K, Hasegawa J. Fundamental study of side impact analysis using the finite element model of the human thorax. JSAE Rev. April 2001;22(2):195-199.
2010	Schmitt K-U, Niederer PF, Muser MH, Walz F. Trauma Biomechanics: Accidental Injury in Traffic and Sports. 2nd ed. Deidelberg, Germany: Springer; 2010.
2002	Cavanaugh JM. Biomechanics of thoracic trauma. In: Nahum AM, Melvin JW, eds. Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 2002:374-404.
2005	Mackay M. The contribution of accident investigation research to biomechanics. In: Gilchrist MD, ed. IUTAM Symposium on Impact Biomechanics: From Fundamental Insights to Applications. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer; 2005:3-16. Solid Mechanics and Its Applications; vol 124.
2005	Forbes PA, Cronin DS, Deng YC, Boismenu M. Numerical human model to predict side impact thoracic trauma. In: Gilchrist MD, ed. IUTAM Symposium on Impact Biomechanics: From Fundamental Insights to Applications. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer; 2005:441-450. Solid Mechanics and Its Applications; vol 124.
2015	Cavanaugh JM, Yoganandan N. Thorax injury biomechanics. In: Yoganandan N, Nahum AM, Melvin JW, eds. Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention. 3rd ed. New York: Springer; 2015:331-372.
2015	Rupp JD. Knee, thigh, and hip injury biomechanics. In: Yoganandan N, Nahum AM, Melvin JW, eds. Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention. 3rd ed. New York: Springer; 2015:471-497.
2015	Petitjean A, Trosseille X, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA. Normalization and scaling for human response corridors and development of injury risk curves. In: Yoganandan N, Nahum AM, Melvin JW, eds. Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention. 3rd ed. New York: Springer; 2015:769-792.
2015	Prasad P. Injury criteria and motor vehicle regulations. In: Yoganandan N, Nahum AM, Melvin JW, eds. Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention. 3rd ed. New York: Springer; 2015:793-809.
2001	Hines MH, Schmalbrock P, Baker PB III, Bolte JH IV. Comparison of autopsy, x-ray, and M.R.I. findings following a low speed impact to the shoulder. In: 45th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 24-26, 2001; San Antonio, TX.
2007	Douglas CA, Fildes BN, Gibson TJ, Boström O, Pintar FA. Factors influencing occupant-to-seat belt interaction in far-side crashes. In: 51st Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 15-17, 2007; Melbourne, Australia.319-339.
2007	Pintar FA, Maiman DJ, Yoganandan N. Injury patterns in side pole crashes. In: 51st Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 15-17, 2007; Melbourne, Australia.419-433.
2008	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA. Deflections from two types of human surrogates in oblique side impacts. In: 52nd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 6-8, 2008; San Diego, CA.301-313.
2009	Hallman JJ, Brasel KJ, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA. Splenic trauma as an adverse effect of torso-protecting side airbags: biomechanical and case evidence. In: 53rd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 5-7, 2009; Baltimore, MD.13-24.
2011	Sunnevång C, Subit D, Kindig M, Lessley D, Lamp J, Boström O, Kent R. Response of the worldwide side impact dummy (WorldSID) to localized constant-speed impacts. In: 55th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 3-5, 2011; Paris, France.231-241.
2011	Yoganandan N, Humm J, Pintar FA, Wolfla CE, Maiman DJ. Lateral neck injury assessments in side impact using post mortem human subject tests. In: 55th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 3-5, 2011; Paris, France.169-179.
2011	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Schlick M, Moore J, Maiman DJ. Comparison of head-neck responses in frontal impacts using restrained human surrogates. In: 55th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 3-5, 2011; Paris, France.181-191.
2013	Yoganandan N, Arun MWJ, Stemper BD, Pintar FA, Maiman DJ. Biomechanics of human thoracolumbar spinal column trauma from vertical impact loading. In: 57th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 22-25, 2013; Quebec City, QC.155-166.
2013	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Humm JR, Stadter GW, Curry WH, Brasel KJ. Comparison of AIS 1990 update 98 versus AIS 2005 for describing PMHS injuries in lateral and oblique sled tests. In: 57th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 22-25, 2013; Quebec City, QC.197-207.
1998	Samaha RR, Molino LN, Maltese MR. Comparative performance testing of passenger cars relative to FMVSS 214 and the EU 96/EC/27 side impact regulations: phase I. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 31–June 4, 1998; Windsor, Ontario, Canada.1727-1759.
2001	Gibson T, Benetatos E, Newstead S, Fildes B. Improved side impact protection: the development of injury assessment functions. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 4-7, 2001; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
2001	Samaha RR, Maltese MR, Bolte J. Evaluation of the ES-2 dummy in representative side impacts. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 4-7, 2001; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
2003	Kent R, Patrie J, Poteau F, Matsuoka F, Mullen C. Development of an age-dependent thoracic injury criterion for frontal. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 19-22, 2003; Nagoya, Japan.
2005	Fildes B, Linder A, Douglas C, Digges K, Morgan R, Pintar F, Yogandan N, Gabler HC, Duma S, Stitzel J, Bostrom O, Sparke L, Smith S, Newland C. Occupant protection in far side crashes. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 6-9, 2005; Washington, DC.
2007	Pintar FA, Maiman DJ, Yoganandan N. Occupant dynamics and injuries in narrow-object side impact. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 18-21, 2007; Lyon, France.
2009	Campbell B, Cronin D, Deng Y-C. Coupled human body side impact model to predict thoracic injury. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
2009	Pintar F, Humm J, Yoganandan N, Martin PG. Test program to define oblique chest loading in side impact. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
2011	Rupp JD, Miller CS, Reed MP, Klinich KD, Schneider LW. Comparison of WorldSID and cadaver responses in low-speed and high-speed in nearside impact. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 13-16, 2011; Washington, DC.
2011	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Humm JR, Hallman JJ, Maiman DJ. Analytical and experimental data of chest deflections and injuries in side impacts. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 13-16, 2011; Washington, DC.
2013	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Humm JR, Rudd RW, Ridella SA. Biofidelity of force responses of different types of human surrogates in oblique side impacts. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 27-30, 2013; Seoul, South Korea.
2013	Youn Y, Lee E-D, Kim D-u. A comparison study of two side impact dummies based on the probability of injury rsik curves. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 27-30, 2013; Seoul, South Korea.
2004	Hsu TP, Nusholtz GS. Analysis of current biofidelity corridor construction as it relates to lateral impacts. In: Proceedings of the 32nd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research. 2004.191-213.
2007	Kemper AR, McNally C, Manoogian SJ, Duma SM. Determining non-censored rib fracture data during side impact loading. In: Proceedings of the 35th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research. 2007.7-19.
2007	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Martin PG, Ridella SA. Biomechanics of oblique lateral impacts. In: Proceedings of the 35th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research. 2007.1-6.
2009	Humm JR, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Martin PG. Side oblique injury criterion. In: Proceedings of the 37th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research. 2009.
2010	Kemper AR, Beeman SM, Duma SM. Chest deflection of relaxed and braced human occupants in low severity frontal sled tests and non-censored rib fracture data in high severity PMHS frontal sled tests. In: Proceedings of the 38th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research. 2010.
2011	Hallman JJ, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA. External measurements and visceral response in a cross-sectional torso impact model. In: Proceedings of the 39th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research. 2011.
1999	Prasad P. Biomechanical basis for injury criteria used in crashworthiness regulations. In: Proceedings of the 1999 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 23-24, 1999; Sitges, Spain.1-14.
2000	Kuppa S, Eppinger R, Maltese M, Naik R, Pintar F, Yoganandan N, Saul R, McFadden J. Assessment of thoracic injury criteria for side impact. In: Proceedings of the 2000 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 20-22, 2000; Montpellier, France.131-146.
2002	Fildes BN, Sparke LJ, Bostrom O, Pintar F, Yoganandan N, Morris AP. Suitability of current side impact test dummies in far-side impacts. In: Proceedings of the 2002 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 18-20, 2002; Munich, Germany.
2002	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Gennarelli TA, Maltese MR, Eppinger RH. Biofidelity evaluation of recent side impact dummies. In: Proceedings of the 2002 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 18-20, 2002; Munich, Germany.
2004	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Gennarelli TA. Small female-specific biomechanical corridors in side impacts. In: Proceedings of the 2004 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 22-24, 2004; Graz, Austria.137-152.
2006	Damm R, Schnottale B, Lorenz B. Evaluation of the biofidelity of the WorldSID and the ES-2 on the basis of PMHS data. In: Proceedings of the 2006 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 20-22, 2006; Madrid, Spain.225-237.
2007	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Gennarelli TA, Martin PG, Ridella SA. Chest injuries and injury mechanisms in oblique lateral impacts. In: Proceedings of the 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 19-21, 2007; Maastricht, The Netherlands.311-324.
2008	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Maiman DJ, Philippens M, Wismans J. Head kinematics, neck loads, and injuries in side impact sled tests. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 17-19, 2008; Bern, Switzerland.179-193.
2009	Hallman J, Yoganandan N, Pintar F. Side airbag out-of-position deployments: thoracic injury to stationary and dynamic occupants. In: Proceedings of the 2009 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 2009; York, UK.129-140.
2015	Gierczycka D, Cronin DS. Investigation of human body model response to different lateral loading conditions. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 9-11, 2015; Lyon, France.706-707.
2016	Gierczycka D, Malcolm S, Cronin DS. Occupant‐side airbag–vehicle interaction in side‐impact crash scenario using coupled vehicle and human body models. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2016; Malaga, Spain.707-709.
2016	Gierczycka D, Malcolm S, Cronin DS. Influence of the rib‐deflection measurement method on evaluation of side‐impact restraint effectiveness. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2016; Malaga, Spain.710-712.
2016	Peres J, Auer S, Praxl N. Development and comparison of different injury risk functions predicting pelvic fractures in side impact for a Human Body Model. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2016; Malaga, Spain.661-678.
2019	Gierczycka D, Cronin D. Change of lateral chest compression values due to bone failure in side impact. In: Proceedings of the 2019 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 11-13, 2019; Florence, Italy.131-132.
2021	Parenteau CS, Courtney A, Campbell IC, Lau E. An update on front-seat occupant injury rates in frontal crashes: focus on modern vehicles. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 8-10, 2021; Online.394-430.
2021	Agnew AM, Sreedhar A, Bolte JH IV, Kang Y-S. Exploratory comparison of human rib structural behavior in two dynamic loading scenarios. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 8-10, 2021; Online.775-786.
2023	Tesny AC, Fibbi C, Kang YS, Agnew AM, Baker GH, Zaragoza-Rivera Y, Shurtz B, Pipkorn B, Rhule H, Moorhouse K, Markusic C, Malcolm S, Bolte J IV. Evaluation of 5th percentile female ATDs in near-side impact scenarios compared to elderly PMHS. In: Proceedings of the 2023 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-165, 2023; Cambridge, United Kingdom.160-183.
2011	Hallman JJ, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA. Planar analysis of visceral response to thoraco-abdominal impacts. In: Proceedings of the 7th Ohio State University Injury Biomechanics Symposium. May 22-24, 2011; Columbus, OH.
2012	Vavalle NA, Moreno DP, Rhyne AC, Stitzel JD, Gayzik FS. The validation of a full body finite element model in lateral full body sled and drop tests. In: Proceedings of the 8th Ohio State University Injury Biomechanics Symposium. May 13-15, 2012; Columbus, OH.
2016	Shurtz BK, Agnew AM, Kang YS, Bolte JH IV. Effect of chestbands on the global response of the human thorax to frontal impact. In: Proceedings of the 12th Ohio State University Injury Biomechanics Symposium. June 5-7, 2016; Columbus, OH.
2004	Ivarsson BJ, Crandall JR, Longhitano D, Okamoto M. Lateral injury criteria for the 6-year-old pedestrian, I: criteria for the head, neck, thorax, abdomen and pelvis. In: Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition. March 8-11, 2004; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2004-01-0323.
2009	Lessley D, Kent R, Crandall J, Salzar R, Shaw G. Internal vs. external chest deformation response to shoulder belt loading, I: table-top tests. In: Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition. April 20-23, 2009; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2009-01-0393.
1999	Chung J, Cavanaugh JM, King AI, Koh S-W, Deng Y-C. Thoracic injury mechanisms and biomechanical responses in lateral velocity pulse impacts. In: Proceedings of the 43rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 25-27, 1999; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:39-54. SAE 99SC04.
2002	Arbelaez RA, Nolan JM, Dakin GJ, Lund AK. Comparison of EuroSID-2 and SID-IIs in vehicle side impact tests with the IIHS barrier. Stapp Car Crash J. 2002;46:397-415. SAE 2002-22-0019.
2002	Maltese MR, Eppinger RH, Rhule HH, Donnelly BR, Pintar FA, Yoganandan N. Response corridors of human surrogates in lateral impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2002;46:321-351. SAE 2002-22-0017.
2003	Kuppa S, Eppinger RH, Mckoy F, Nguyen T, Pintar FA, Yoganandan N. Development of side impact thoracic injury criteria and their application to the modified ES-2 dummy with rib extensions (ES-2re). Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:189-210. SAE 2003-22-0010.
2006	Shaw JM, Herriott RG, McFadden JD, Donnelly BR, Bolte JH IV. Oblique and lateral impact response of the PMHS thorax. Stapp Car Crash J. 2006;50:147-167. SAE 2006-22-0007.
2007	Leport T, Baudrit P, Trosseille X, Petit P, Palisson A, Vallancien G. Assessment of the pubic force as a pelvic injury criterion in side impact. Stapp Car Crash J. 2007;51:467-488. SAE 2007-22-0019.
2008	Kemper AR, McNally C, Kennedy EA, Manoogian SJ, Duma SM. The influence of arm position on thoracic response in side impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2008;52:379-420. SAE 2008-22-0016.
2009	Petitjean A, Trosseille X, Petit P, Irwin A, Hassan J, Praxl N. Injury risk curves for the worldSID 50th male dummy. Stapp Car Crash J. 2009;53:443-476. SAE 2009-22-0016.
2009	Song E, Trosseille X, Baudrit P. Evaluation of thoracic deflection as an injury criterion for side impact using a finite elements thorax model. Stapp Car Crash J. 2009;53:155-191. SAE 2009-22-0006.
2010	Hallman JJ, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA. Biomechanical and injury response to posterolateral loading from torso side airbags. Stapp Car Crash J. 2010;54:227-257. SAE 2010-22-0012.
2010	Klinich KD, Flannagan CAC, Nicholson K, Schneider LW, Rupp JD. Factors associated with abdominal injury in frontal, farside, and nearside crashes. Stapp Car Crash J. 2010;54:73-91. SAE 2010-22-0005.
2010	Lessley D, Shaw G, Parent D, Arregui-Dalmases C, Kindig M, Riley P, Purtsezov S, Sochor M, Gochenour T, Bolton J, Subit D, Crandall J, Takayama S, Ono K, Kamiji K, Yasuki T. Whole-body response to pure lateral impact. Stapp Car Crash J. 2010;54:289-336. SAE 2010-22-0014.
2010	Trosseille X, Petitjean A. Sensitivity of the WorldSID 50th and ES-2re thoraces to loading configuration. Stapp Car Crash J. 2010;54:259-287. SAE 2010-22-0013.
2011	Matsui Y, Han Y, Mizuno K. Performance of collision damage mitigation braking systems and their effects on human injury in the event of car-to-pedestrian accidents. Stapp Car Crash J. 2011;55:461-478.
2011	Yoganandan N, Humm JR, Pintar FA, Brasel K. Region-specific deflection responses of WorldSID and ES2-re devices in pure lateral and oblique side impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2011;55:351-378.
2012	Petitjean A, Trosseille X, Praxl N, Hynd D, Irwin A. Injury risk curves for the WorldSID 50th male dummy. Stapp Car Crash J. October 2012;56:323-347.
2012	Yoganandan N, Humm JR, Pintar FA, Brasel KH, Rudd RW, Ridella SA. Thoraco-abdominal deflection responses of post mortem human surrogates in side impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. October 2012;56:49-64.
2013	Matsui Y, Oikawa S, Ando K. Risks of pedestrian serious injuries and fatalities associated with impact velocities of cars in car-versus-pedestrian accidents in Japan. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2013;57:201-217.
2013	Miller CS, Madura NH, Schneider LW, Klinich KD, Reed MP, Rupp JD. PMHS impact response in 3 m/s and 8 m/s nearside impacts with abdomen offset. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2013;57:387-425.
2013	Yoganandan N, Humm JR, Arun MWJ, Pintar FA. Oblique lateral impact biofidelity deflection corridors from post mortem human surrogates. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2013;57:427-440.
2014	Poulard D, Subit D, Donlon J-P, Lessley DJ, Kim T, Park G, Kent RW. The contribution of pre-impact spine posture on human body model response in whole-body side impact. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2014;58:385-422.
2014	Wood LK, Miller CS, Madura NH, Reed MP, Schneider LW, Klinich KD, Rupp JD. Response and tolerance of female and/or elderly PMHS to lateral impact. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2014;58:423-463.
2015	Yoganandan N, Humm JR, Pintar FA, Arun MWJ, Rhule H, Rudd R, Craig M. Oblique loading in post mortem human surrogates from vehicle lateral impacttests using chestbands. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2015;59:1-22.
2011	Kemper AR, Kennedy EA, McNally C, Manoogian SJ, Stitzel JD, Duma SM. Reducing chest injuries in automobile collisions: rib fracture timing and implications for thoracic injury criteria. Ann Biomed Eng. August 2011;39(8):2141-51.
2013	Vavalle NA, Moreno DP, Rhyne AC, Stitzel JD, Gayzik FS. Lateral impact validation of a geometrically accurate full body finite element model for blunt injury prediction. Ann Biomed Eng. 2013;41(3):497-512.
2004	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA. Biomechanics of temporo-parietal skull fracture. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). March 2004;19(3):225-239.
2001	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Maltese MR. Biomechanics of abdominal injuries. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 2001;29(2):173-246.
2009	Salzar RS, Genovese D, Bass CR, Bolton JR, Guillemot H, Damon AM, Crandall JR. Load path distribution within the pelvic structure under lateral loading. Int J Crashworthiness. 2009;14(1):99-110.
2007	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Stemper BD, Gennarelli TA, Weigelt JA. Biomechanics of side impact: injury criteria, aging occupants, and airbag technology. J Biomech. 2007;40(2):227-243.
2011	Hallman JJ, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA. Technique for chestband contour shape-mapping in lateral impact. J Biomech. August 11, 2011;44(12):2328-2332.
2014	Yoganandan N, Arun MWJ, Pintar FA. Normalizing and scaling of data to derive human response corridors from impact tests. J Biomech. June 3, 2014;47(8):1749-1756.
2005	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA. Deflection, acceleration, and force corridors for small females in side impacts. Traffic Inj Prev. December 2005;6(4):379-386.
2008	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Gennarelli TA, Martin PG, Ridella SA. Chest deflections and injuries in oblique lateral impacts. Traffic Inj Prev. June 2008;9(2):162-167.
2014	Hayes AR, Vavalle NA, Moreno DP, Stitzel JD, Gayzik FS. Validation of simulated chestband data in frontal and lateral loading using a human body finite element model. Traffic Inj Prev. 2014;15(2):181-186.
2006	Charpail E. Analyse du comportement mecanique des cotes humaines en dynamique [Mechanical Behavior Analysis of Human Ribs in Dynamics] [PhD thesis]. Paris, France: l’École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers; October 27, 2006.
2008	von Merten K. Verringerung des Risikos von Thoraxverletzungen beim PKW-Seitenaufprall: FEM Simulationen mit dem Mensch-Modell HUMOS [PhD thesis]. Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; 2008.
2010	Hallman JJ. Detrimental Thoracoabdominal Interaction With Lateral Airbag Restraints [PhD thesis]. Marquette University; December 2010.
2017	Shurtz BK. Human Thoracic Response to Impact: Chestband Effects, the Strain-Deflection Relationship, and Small Females in Side Impact Crashes [PhD thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2017.
2005	Forbes PA. Development of a Human Body Model for the Analysis of Side Impact Automotive Thoracic Trauma [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2005.
2009	Campbell BM. A Numerical Side Impact Model to Investigate Thoracic Injury in Lateral Impact Scenarios [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2009.
2009	Yuen KF. The Development of a Numerical Human Body Model for the Analysis of Automotive Side Impact Lung Trauma [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2009.
2010	Watson B. Evaluation of Thoracic Response in Side Impact Crash [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2010.
2018	Gierczycka D. Investigation of Thorax Response and Potential for Injury in Side Impacts Using Integrated Detailed Human and Vehicle Finite-Element Models [PhD thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018.
2003	Stitzel JD. The Role of Local Material Properties in Modeling Fracture Tolerance of the Human Thorax [PhD thesis]. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; September 19, 2003.
2010	Kemper AR. The Biomechanics of Thoracic Skeletal Response [PhD thesis]. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; March 30, 2010.
2002	Lee JB. Development of a Finite Element Model of the Human Abdomen [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 2002.
2012	Vavalle NA. Validation of the Global Human Body Models Consortium Mid-Sized Male Model in Lateral Impacts and Sled Tests [Master's thesis]. Winston-Salem, NC: Wake Forest University; August 2012.
2015	Gaewsky J. Driver Injury Metric and Risk Variability as a Function of Occupant Position in Real World Motor Vehicle Crashes [Master's thesis]. Winston-Salem, NC: Wake Forest University; May 2015.

Year	Entry
1981	Kallieris D, Mattern R, Schmidt G, Eppinger RH. Quantification of side impact responses and injuries. In: Proceedings of the 25th Stapp Car Crash Conference. September 28-30, 1981; San Francisco, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:329-366. SAE 811009.
1986	Lau IV, Viano DC. The viscous criterion: bases and applications of an injury severity index for soft tissues. In: Proceedings of the 30th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 27-29, 1986; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:123-142. SAE 861882.
1991	Kanianthra JN, Willke DT, Gabler HC, Zuby DS. Comparative performance of SID, BIOSID, and EUROSID in lateral, pendulum, sled, and car impacts. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). November 4-7, 1991; Paris, France.573-587.
1986	Morgan RM, Marcus JH, Eppinger RH. Side impact: the biofidelity of NHTSA's proposed ATD and efficacy of TTI. In: Proceedings of the 30th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 27-29, 1986; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:27-40. SAE 861877.
1996	Pintar FA, Yoganandan N, Sances A Jr, Eppinger RH. Instrumentation of human surrogates for side impact. In: Proceedings of the 40th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 4-6, 1996; Albuquerque, NM. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:29-42. SAE 962412.
1993	Cavanaugh JM, Zhu Y, Huang Y, King AI. Injury and response of the thorax in side impact cadaveric tests. In: Proceedings of the 37th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 7-8, 1993; San Antonio, TX. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:199-221. SAE 933127.