Knee, thigh, and hip injury biomechanics

Rupp, Jonathan D.

Year	Entry
2001	Jayaraman VM, Sevensma ET, Kitagawa M, Haut RC. Effects of anterior-posterior constraint on injury patterns in the human knee during tibial-femoral joint loading from axial forces through the tibia. Stapp Car Crash J. 2001;45:449-468. SAE 2001-22-0021.
2005	van Dommelen JAW, Ivarsson BJ, Jolandan MM, Millington SA, Raut M, Kerrigan JR, Crandall JR, Diduch DR. Characterization of the rate-dependent mechanical properties and failure of human knee ligaments. In: Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition. April 11-14, 2005; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2005-01-0293.
2012	Reed MP, Ebert-Hamilton SM, Rupp JD. Effects of obesity on seat belt fit. Traffic Inj Prev. 2012;13(4):364-372.
2003	Mertz HJ, Irwin AL, Prasad P. Biomechanical and scaling bases for frontal and side impact injury assessment reference values. Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:155-188. SAE 2003-22-0009.
1986	Butler DL, Kay MD, Stouffer DC. Comparison of material properties in fascicle-bone units from human patellar tendon and knee ligaments. J Biomech. 1986;19(6):425-432.
2004	Funk JR, Kerrigan JR, Crandall JR. Dynamic bending tolerance and elastic-plastic material properties of the human femur. In: 48th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 13-15, 2004; Key Biscayne, FL.215-233.
1982	Cesari D, Ramet M. Pelvic tolerance and protection criteria in side impact. In: Proceedings of the 26th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 20-21, 1982; Ann Arbor, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:145-154. SAE 821159.
2004	Kennedy EA, Hurst WJ, Stitzel JD, Cormier JM, Hansen GA, Smith EP, Duma SM. Lateral and posterior dynamic bending of the mid-shaft femur: fracture risk curves for the adult population. Stapp Car Crash J. 2004;48:27-51. SAE 2004-22-0002.
1984	Cheng R, Yang K-H, Levine RS, King AI. Dynamic impact loading of the femur under passive restrained condition. In: Proceedings of the 28th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 6-7, 1984; Chicago, IL. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:101-118. SAE 841661.
2003	Meyer EG, Haut RC. The effect of impact angle on knee tolerance to rigid impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:1-19. SAE 2003-22-0001.
2010	Lessley D, Shaw G, Parent D, Arregui-Dalmases C, Kindig M, Riley P, Purtsezov S, Sochor M, Gochenour T, Bolton J, Subit D, Crandall J, Takayama S, Ono K, Kamiji K, Yasuki T. Whole-body response to pure lateral impact. Stapp Car Crash J. 2010;54:289-336. SAE 2010-22-0014.
2003	Van Hoof J, De Lange R, Wismans JSHM. Improving pedestrian safety using numerical human models. Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:401-436. SAE 2003-22-0018.
2009	Ivarsson BJ, Genovese D, Crandall JR, Bolton JR, Untaroiu CD, Bose D. The tolerance of the femoral shaft in combined axial compression and bending loading. Stapp Car Crash J. 2009;53:251-290. SAE 2009-22-0010.
2011	Holcombe S, Kohoyda-Inglis C, Wang L, Goulet JA, Wang SC, Kent RW. Patterns of acetabular femoral head coverage. Stapp Car Crash J. 2011;55:479-490.
1999	Kajzer J, Matsui Y, Ishikawa H, Schroeder G, Bosch U. Shearing and bending effects at the knee joint at low speed lateral loading. In: Proceedings of the SAE International Congress & Exposition. March 1-4, 1999; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 1999-01-0712.
2010	Kent RW, Forman JL, Bostrom O. Is there really a “cushion effect”? a biomechanical investigation of crash injury mechanisms in the obese. Obesity. 2010;18(4):749-753.
1980	Melvin JW, Nusholtz GS. Tolerance and Response of the Knee-Femur-Pelvis Complex to Axial Impacts: Impact Sled Tests. Ann Arbor, MI: Highway Safety Research Institute; June 1980. Report No. UM-HSRI-80-27.
1997	Kajzer J, Schroeder G, Ishikawa H, Matsui Y, Bosch U. Shearing and bending effects at the knee joint at high speed lateral loading. In: Proceedings of the 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 13-14, 1997; Lake Buena Vista, FL. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:151-165. SAE 973326.
1997	Atkinson PJ, Garcia JJ, Altiero NJ, Haut RC. The influence of impact interface on human knee injury: implications for instrument panel design and the lower extremity injury criterion. In: Proceedings of the 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 13-14, 1997; Lake Buena Vista, FL. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:167-180. SAE 973327.
1993	Kajzer J, Cavallero C, Bonnoit J, Morjane A, Ghanouchi S. Response of the knee joint in lateral impact: effect of bending moment. In: Proceedings of the 1993 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1993; Eindhoven, The Netherlands.105-116.
1990	Kajzer J, Cavallero C, Ghanouchi S, Bonnoit J, Ghorbel A. Response of the knee joint in lateral impact: effect of shearing loads. In: Proceedings of the 1990 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 12-14, 1990; Lyon, France.293-304.
2001	Kuppa S, Wang J, Haffner M, Eppinger R. Lower extremity injuries and associated injury criteria. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 4-7, 2001; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
1998	Atkinson P, Atkinson T, Haut R, Eusebi C, Maripudi V, Hill T, Sambatur K. Development of injury criteria for human surrogates to address current trends in knee-to-instrument panel injuries. In: Proceedings of the 42nd Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 2-4, 1998; Tempa, AZ. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:13-. SAE 983146.
1994	Bouquet R, Ramet M, Bermond F, Cesari D. Thoracic and pelvis human response to impact. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 23-26, 1994; Munich, Germany.100-109.
1990	Cavanaugh JM, Walilko TJ, Malhotra A, Zhu Y, King AI. Biomechanical response and injury tolerance of the pelvis in twelve sled side impacts. In: Proceedings of the 34th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 4-7, 1990; Orlando, FL. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:1-12. SAE 902305.
1976	Kennedy JC, Hawkins RJ, Willis RB, Danylchuck KD. Tension studies of human knee ligaments: yield point, ultimate failure, and disruption of the cruciate and tibial collateral ligaments. J Bone Joint Surg. April 1976;58A(3):350-355.
1999	Eppinger R, Sun E, Bandak F, Haffner M, Khaewpong N, Maltese M, Kuppa S, Nguyen T, Takhounts E, Tannous R, Zhang A, Saul R. Development of Improved Injury Criteria for the Assessment of Advanced Automotive Restraint Systems - II. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA); November 1999.
2008	Bose D, Bhalla KS, Untaroiu CD, Ivarsson BJ, Crandall JR, Hurwitz S. Injury tolerance and moment response of the knee joint to combined valgus bending and shear loading. J Biomech Eng. June 2008;130(3):031008.
2001	Mizuno Y, Ishikawa H. Summary of IHRA pedestrian safety WG activities: proposed test methods to evaluate pedestrian protection aforded by passenger cars. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 4-7, 2001; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
2011	Ridella SA, Parent DP. Modifications to improve the durability, usability and biofidelity of the THOR-NT dummy. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 13-16, 2011; Washington, DC.
1978	Viano DC, Culver CC, Haut RC, Melvin JW, Bender M, Culver RH, Levine RS. Bolster impacts to the knee and tibia of human cadavers and an anthropomorphic dummy. In: Proceedings of the 22nd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 24-26, 1978; Ann Arobor, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:403-428. SAE 780896.
2002	Maltese MR, Eppinger RH, Rhule HH, Donnelly BR, Pintar FA, Yoganandan N. Response corridors of human surrogates in lateral impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2002;46:321-351. SAE 2002-22-0017.
2001	Chidester ACB, Isenberg RA. Final report: the pedestrian crash data study. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 4-7, 2001; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
2002	Rupp JD, Reed MP, Van Ee CA, Kuppa S, Wang SC, Goulet JA, Schneider LW. The tolerance of the human hip to dynamic knee loading. Stapp Car Crash J. 2002;46:211-228. SAE 2002-22-0011.
1989	Haut RC. Contact pressures in the patellofemoral joint during impact loading on the human flexed knee. J Orthop Res. March 1989;7(2):272-280.
1965	Patrick LM, Kroell CK, Mertz HJ. Forces on the human body in simulated crashes. In: Cragun MK, ed. Proceedings of the 9th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 20-21, 1965; Minneapolis, MN. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:237-259. SAE 650961.
1976	Melvin JW, Stalnake RL. Tolerance and Response of the Knee-Femur-Pelvis Complex to Axial Impact. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan, Highway safety Research Institute; October 1976. Final Report UM-HSRI-76-33.
1967	Patrick LM, Mertz HJ Jr, Kroell CK. Cadaver knee, chest and head impact loads. In: Proceedings of the 11th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 10-11, 1967; Anaheim, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:168-182. SAE 670913.
2004	Wang SC, Brede C, Lange D, Poster CS, Lange AW, Kohoyda-Inglis C, Sochor MR, Ipaktchi K, Rowe SA, Patel S, Garton HJ. Gender differences in hip anatomy: possible implications for injury tolerance in frontal collisions. In: 48th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 13-15, 2004; Key Biscayne, FL.287-301.
2012	Kerrigan JR, Arregui‐Dalmases C, Foster J, Crandall JR, Rizzo A. Pedestrian injury analysis: field data vs. laboratory experiments. In: Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 12-14, 2012; Dublin, Ireland.672-689.
1997	Pintar FA, Yoganandan N, Hines MH, Maltese MR, McFadden J, Saul R, Eppinger R, Khaewpong N, Kleinberger M. Chestband analysis of human tolerance to side impact. In: Proceedings of the 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 13-14, 1997; Lake Buena Vista, FL. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:63-74. SAE 973320.
2004	Kerrigan JR, Drinkwater DC, Kam CY, Murphy DB, Ivarsson BJ, Crandall JR, Patrie J. Tolerance of the human leg and thigh in dynamic latero-medial bending. Int J Crashworthiness. 2004;9(6):607-623.
2003	Kerrigan JR, Ivarsson BJ, Bose D, Madeley NJ, Millington SA, Bhalla KS, Crandall JR. Rate-sensitive constitutive and failure properties of human collateral knee ligaments. In: Proceedings of the 2003 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 25, 2003; Lisbon, Portugal.177-190.
2003	Banglmaier RF, Rouhana SW, Beillas P, Yang KH. Lower extremity injuries in lateral impact: a retrospective study. In: 47th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 22-24, 2003; Lisbon, Portugal.425-444.
1983	Schneider LW, Robbins DH, Pflüg MA, Snyder RG. Development of Anthropometrically Based Design Specifications for an Advanced Adult Anthropomorphic Dummy Family, Volume 1. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Traffic Research Institute (UMTRI); December 1983. UMTRI Publication UMTRI-83-53-1.
1996	Hayashi S, Choi H-Y, Levine RS, Yang KH, King AI. Experimental and analytical study of knee fracture mechanisms in a frontal knee impact. In: Proceedings of the 40th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 4-6, 1996; Albuquerque, NM. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:161-171. SAE 962423.
1980	Viano DC, Stalnaker RL. Mechanisms of femoral fracture. J Biomech. 1980;13(8):701-715.
2008	Chang C-Y, Rupp JD, Kikuchi N, Schneider LW. Development of a finite element model to study the effects of muscle forces on knee-thigh-hip injuries in frontal crashes. Stapp Car Crash J. 2008;52:475-504. SAE 2008-22-0018.
2009	Chang C-Y, Rupp JD, Reed MP, Hughes RE, Schneider LW. Predicting the effects of musce activation on knee, thigh, and hip injuries in frontal crashes using a finite-element model with muscle forces from subject testing and musculoskeletal modeling. Stapp Car Crash J. 2009;53:291-328. SAE 2009-22-0011.
1993	Zhu JY, Cavanaugh JM, King AI. Pelvic biomechanical response and padding benefits in side impact based on a cadaveric test series. In: Proceedings of the 37th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 7-8, 1993; San Antonio, TX. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:223-233. SAE 933128.
1989	Viano DC. Biomechanical responses and injuries in blunt lateral impact. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 4-6, 1989; Washington, DC. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:113-142. SAE 892432.
1998	Bouquet R, Ramet M, Bermond F, Caire Y, Talantikite Y, Robin S, Voiglio E. Pelvis human response to lateral impact. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 31–June 4, 1998; Windsor, Ontario, Canada.1665-1686.
2011	Schneider LW, Rupp JD, Scarboro M, Pintar F, Arbogast KB, Rudd RW, Sochor MR, Stitzel J, Sherwood C, MacWilliams JB, Halloway D, Ridella S, Eppinger R. BioTab: a new method for analyzing and documenting injury causation in motor-vehicle crashes. Traffic Inj Prev. June 2011;12(3):256-265.
2003	Rupp JD, Reed MP, Madura NH, Schneider LW. Comparison of knee/femur force-deflection response of the THOR, Hybrid III, and human cadaver to dynamic frontal-impact knee loading. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 19-22, 2003; Nagoya, Japan.
2004	Balasubramanian S, Beillas P, Belwadi A, Hardy WN, Yang KH, King AI, Masuda M. Below knee impact responses using cadaveric specimens. Stapp Car Crash J. 2004;48:71-88. SAE 2004-22-0004.
2003	Kerrigan JR, Bhalla KS, Madeley NJ, Funk JR, Bose D, Crandall JR. Experiments for establishing pedestrian-impact lower limb injury criteria. In: Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition. March 3-6, 2003; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2003-01-0895.
2003	Kuppa S, Fessahaie O. An overview of knee-thigh-hip injuries in frontal crashes in the United States. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 19-22, 2003; Nagoya, Japan.
2004	Meyer EG, Sinnott MT, Haut RC, Jayaraman GS, Smith WE. The effect of axial load in the tibia on the response of the 90° flexed knee to blunt impacts with a deformable interface. Stapp Car Crash J. 2004;48:53-70. SAE 2004-22-0003.
1982	Nusholtz GS, Alem NM, Melvin JW. Impact response and injury of the pelvis. In: Proceedings of the 26th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 20-21, 1982; Ann Arbor, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:103-144. SAE 821160.
1991	Woo SL-Y, Hollis JM, Adams DJ, Lyon RM, Takai S. Tensile properties of the human femur-anterior cruciate ligament-tibia complex: the effects of specimen age and orientation. Am J Sports Med. 1991;19(3):217-225.
2003	Bhalla K, Bose D, Madeley NJ, Kerrigan J, Crandall J, Longhitano D, Takahashi Y. Evaluation of the response of mechanical pedestrian knee joint impactors in bending and shear loading. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 19-22, 2003; Nagoya, Japan.
2006	Laituri TR, Henry S, Sullivan K, Prasad P. Derivation and theoretical assessment of a set of biomechanics-based, AIS2+ risk equations for the knee-thigh-hip complex. Stapp Car Crash J. 2006;50:97-130. SAE 2006-22-0005.
2009	Rupp JD, Reed MP, Miller CS, Madura NH, Klinich KD, Kuppa SM, Schneider LW. Development of new criteria for assessing the risk of knee-thigh-hip injury in frontal impacts using Hybrid III femur force measurements. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
2008	Rupp JD, Miller CS, Reed MP, Madura NH, Klinich KD, Schneider LW. Characterization of knee-thigh-hip response in frontal impacts using biomechanical testing and computational simulations. Stapp Car Crash J. 2008;52:421-474. SAE 2008-22-0017.
2004	Bose D, Bhalla K, Rooij L, Millington S, Studley A, Crandall J. Response of the knee joint to the pedestrian impact loading environment. In: Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition. March 8-11, 2004; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2004-01-1608.
1976	Kroell CK, Schneider DC, Nahum AM. Comparative knee impact response of part 572 dummy and cadaver subjects. In: Proceedings of the 20th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 18-20, 1976; Dearborn, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:585-606. SAE 760817.
1989	Morgan RM, Eppinger RH, Marcus JH. Human cadaver patella-femur-pelvis injury due to dynamic frontal impact to the patella. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). May 29–June 1, 1989; Göteborg, Sweden.683-698.
2003	Rupp JD, Reed MP, Jeffreys TA, Schneider LW. Effects of hip posture on the frontal impact tolerance of the human hip joint. Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:21-33. SAE 2003-22-0002.
1975	Powell WR, Ojala SJ, Advani SH, Martin RB. Cadaver femur responses to longitudinal impacts. In: Proceedings of the 19th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 17-19, 1975; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:561-579. SAE 751160.
2004	Ivarsson J, Lessley D, Kerrigan J, Bhalla K, Bose D, Crandall J, Kent R. Dynamic response corridors and injury thresholds of the pedestrian lower extremities. In: Proceedings of the 2004 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 22-24, 2004; Graz, Austria.179-191.
1983	Bunketorp O, Romanus B, Hansson T, Aldman B, Thorngren L, Eppinger RH. Experimental study of a compliant bumper system. In: Proceedings of the 27th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 17-19, 1983; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:287-297. SAE 831623.
1981	Kallieris D, Mattern R, Schmidt G, Eppinger RH. Quantification of side impact responses and injuries. In: Proceedings of the 25th Stapp Car Crash Conference. September 28-30, 1981; San Francisco, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:329-366. SAE 811009.
2006	Rupp JD. Biomechanics of Hip Injuries in Frontal Motor-Vehicle Crashes [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 2006.
1989	Cesari D, Cavallero C, Roche H. Mechanisms producing lower extremity injuries in pedestrian accident situations. In: 33rd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 2-4, 1989; Baltimore, MD.415-422.
1986	Martens M, van Audekercke R, de Meester P, Mulier JC. Mechanical behaviour of femoral bones in bending loading. J Biomech. 1986;19(6):443-454.
2006	Chandrashekar N, Mansouri H, Slauterbeck J, Hashemi J. Sex-based differences in the tensile properties of the human anterior cruciate ligament. J Biomech. 2006;39(16):2943-2950.
1988	Cesari D, Cavallero C, Cassan F, Moffatt C. Interaction between human leg and car bumper in pedestrian tests. In: Proceedings of the 1988 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 14-16, 1988; Bergisch-Gladbach, West Germany.259-269.
2004	Bass CRD, Kent R, Salzar RS, Milllington S, Davis M, Folk B, Lucas S, Donnellan L, Murakami D, Kobayashi S. Development of injury criteria for pelvic fracture in frontal crashes. In: Proceedings of the 2004 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 22-24, 2004; Graz, Austria.125-136.
1976	Horsch JD, Patrick LM. Cadaver and dummy knee impact response. In: Proceedings of the 20th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 18-20, 1976; Dearborn, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 760799.
2001	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Gennarelli TA, Maltese MR, Eppinger RH. Mechanisms and factors involved in hip injuries during frontal crashes. Stapp Car Crash J. 2001;45:437-448. SAE 2001-22-0020.
1983	Leung YC, Hue B, Fayon A, Tarrière C, Hamon H, Got C, Patel A, Hureau J. Study of “knee-thigh-hip” protection criterion. In: Proceedings of the 27th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 17-19, 1983; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:351-364. SAE 831629.
1975	Melvin JW, Stalnaker RL, Alem NM, Benson JB, Mohan D. Impact response and tolerance of the lower extremities. In: Proceedings of the 19th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 17-19, 1975; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:543-559. SAE 751159.
1987	Donnelly BR, Roberts DP. Comparison of cadaver and Hybrid III dummy response to axial impacts of the femur. In: Proceedings of the 31st Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 9-11, 1987; New Orleans, LA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:105-116. SAE 872204.

Year	Entry
2016	Yoganandan N, Banerjee A, Hsu F-C, Bass CR, Voo L, Pintar FA, Gayzik FS. Deriving injury risk curves using survival analysis from biomechanical experiments. J Biomech. October 3, 2016;49(14):3260-3267.
2022	Ortiz Paparoni MA. Lumbar Spinal Injury Under Dynamic Compression [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2022.