Human volunteer kinematics in rear-end sled collisions

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Davidsson, Johan¹; Deutscher, Christian²; Hell, Wolfram³; Linder, Astrid¹; Lövsund, Per¹; Svensson, Mats Y.¹

Human volunteer kinematics in rear-end sled collisions

Proceedings of the 1998 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact

Affiliations

¹Department of Machine and Vehicle Design, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden

²Allianz Zentrurn für Technik GmbH, Ismaning, Germany

³Verband der Schadenversicherer, Miinchen, Germany
Abstract

A number of current projects are developing new crash test dummies for rear-end impact testing. The validation of such a dummy design requires human response data from pertinent test situations.

The objectives of this study are to quantify human head, neck, chest, pelvis and femur mechanical response in a well defined test seat. Furthermore, the aim is to see how the response varies with seat design and sled speed change during low-speed rear-end collisions. This data is intended to be used in the validation of our crash test dummy (BioRID I) in rear-end impact situations, with a focus on low AV collisions. Thirteen human subjects were exposed to 28 rear-end collision sled impacts with velocity changes close to 5 and 7 km/h respectively.

The results showed vertical motion of the subjects' H-point caused by ramping up along the seat, a forward rotation of the subjects' femur and maybe a contraction of the subjects' gluteus muscles. A vertical motion of the subjects' torso and head was also observed. This motion was caused by a combination of ramping up along the seat-back and the straightening of the thoracic kyphosis. In the first 100 ms after impact, several subjects flexed their head relative T1. These new data have proven to be useful as validation data for new rear-end impact dummies.

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