Biofidelity evaluation of GHBMC male occupant models in rear impacts

Katagiri, Maika; Zhao, Jay; Lee, Sungwoo; Moorhouse, Kevin; Kang, Yun-Seok

Affiliations

¹Joyson Safety Systems in Auburn Hills, Michigan, USA

²NHTSA’s Vehicle Research and Test Center (VRTC) in East Liberty, Ohio, USA

³Injury Biomechanics Research Center at The Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio, USA

Abstract and keywords

Historically, the rear-impact mode has received most attention in the context of low-speed rearend crashes, but in the future of automated vehicles (AV), the rear-impact mode may occur at higher speed in frontal crashes with a rearward-facing seating configuration. While the use of human body models (HBM) in virtual testing for AV is expected, current HBMs have never been validated in moderate/high-speed rear impacts. The objective of this study is to evaluate the biofidelity of the Global Human Body Models Consortium average male occupant detailed and simplified HBMs by using biomechanical targets generated from a series of post mortem human surrogates rear-impact tests at two severities (17 km/h; 24 km/h) with an experimental sled system, which mimics the dynamic characteristics of a modern vehicle seatback. The NHTSA Biofidelity Ranking System was used to evaluate the HBMs. The HBMs exhibited better biofidelity 1) at 17 km/h than 24 km/h, and 2) in the head to T1 region, which is relevant to rear-impact-related injuries, than the T1 to pelvis region. The detailed HBM received a better biofidelity score than the simplified HBM in every studied component. Limitations for the HBMs’ biofidelity were indicated in the modelling of their spines and surrounding flesh.

Keywords: Biofidelity; Experimental sled system; Human body model; Post mortem human subject; Rear impact

Links

URL: http://www.ircobi.org/wordpress/downloads/irc19/pdf-files/52.pdf

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Cited By (5)

Year	Entry
2020	Soni A, Schilling S, Faust J, Eickhoff B. Responses of HIII, THOR and SAFER-HBM occupant models in rearward-facing seat configuration for high severity frontal impact. In: Proceedings of the 2020 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. 2020; Munich, Germany.610-623.
2021	Chan H, Devane KS, Albert DL, Gayzik FS, Kemper AR. Comparisons of initial joint angles and test buck reaction forces for relaxed and braced 5th percentile female and 50th percentile male volunteers and analogous active human body models in a simulated driver’s seat. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 8-10, 2021; Online.83-104.
2021	Klein C, González-García M, Weber J, Bosma F, Lancashire R, Breitfuss D, Kirschbichler S, Leitgeb W. A method for reproducible landmark-based positioning of multibody and finite element human models. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 8-10, 2021; Online.477-489.
2023	DeWitt T, Pradhan V, Kang Y-S. Evaluation of head and cervical spine kinematics of GHBMC M50-O and THUMS AM50 occupants in moderate-speed rear impact. In: Proceedings of the 2023 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-15, 2023; Cambridge, United Kingdom.383-397.
2024	Östh J, Gröndahl E, Kang Y-S, Jakobsson L. Validation of the SAFER HBM in rear-facing upright and reclined position in high-speed frontal impacts. In: Proceedings of the 2024 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 11-13, 2024; Stockholm, Sweden.47-76.