Applications of bone mechanics

Villarraga, Marta L.; Ford, Catherine M.

Year	Entry
1997	Myers ER, Wilson SE. Biomechanics of osteoporosis and vertebral fracture. Spine. December 15, 1997;22(24)(suppl):25S-31S.
1917	Koch JC. The laws of bone architecture. Am J Anat. March 1917;21(2):177-298.
1985	Cummings SR. Are patients with hip fractures more osteoporotic? review of the evidence. Am J Med. March 1985;78(3):487-494.
1960	Roaf R. A study of the mechanics of spinal injuries. J Bone Joint Surg. November 1960;42B(4):810-823.
1999	Keaveny TM, Wachtel EF, Kopperdahl DL. Mechanical behavior of human trabecular bone after overloading. J Orthop Res. May 1999;17(3):346-353.
1981	Adams MA, Hutton WC. The relevance of torsion to the mechanical derangement of the lumbar spine. Spine. May–June 1981;6(3):241-248.
1988	Lang SM, Moyle DD, Berg EW, Detorie N, Gilpin AT, Pappas NJ Jr, Reynolds JC, Tkacik M, Waldron RL II. Correlation of mechanical properties of vertebral trabecular bone with equivalent mineral density as measured by computed tomography. J Bone Joint Surg. December 1988;70A(10):1531-1538.
1997	Silva MJ, Keaveny TM, Hayes WC. Load sharing between the shell and centrum in the lumbar vertebral body. Spine. January 1997;22(2):140-150.
1990	Mosekilde L, Mosekilde L. Sex differences in age-related changes in vertebral body size, density and biomechanical competence in normal individuals. Bone. 1990;11(2):67-73.
1972	Rybicki EF, Simonen FA, Weis EB Jr. On the mathematical analysis of stress in the human femur. J Biomech. March 1972;5(2):203-215.
1988	Melton LJ III. Epidemiology of fractures. In: Riggs BL, Melton LJ III, eds. Osteoporosis: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management. New York, NY: Raven Press; 1988:133-154.
1953	Smith LD. Hip fractures: the role of muscle contraction or intrinsic forces in the causation of fractures of the femoral neck. J Bone Joint Surg. April 1953;35A(2):367-383.
1997	Cheng XG, Nicholson PHF, Boonen S, Lowet G, Brys P, Aerssens J, van der Perre G, Dequeker J. Prediction of vertebral strength in vitro by spinal bone densitometry and calcaneal ultrasound. J Bone Miner Res. October 1997;12(10):1721-1728.
1993	Mosekilde L. Vertebral structure and strength in vivo and in vitro. Calcif Tiss Int. February 1993;53(suppl 1):S121-S126.
1997	Lang TF, Keyak JH, Heitz MW, Augat P, Liu Y, Mathur A, Genant HK. Volumetric quantitative computed tomography of the proximal femur: precision and relation to bone strength. Bone. July 1997;21(1):101-108.
1969	Rockoff SD, Sweet E, Bleustein J. The relative contribution of trabecular and cortical bone to the strength of human lumbar vertebrae. Calcif Tiss Res. December 1969;3(1):163-175.
1994	Courtney AC, Wachtel EF, Myers ER, Hayes WC. Effects of loading rate on strength of the proximal femur. Calcif Tiss Int. 1994;55(1):53-58.
1995	Courtney AC, Wachtel EF, Myers ER, Hayes WC. Age-related reductions in the strength of the femur tested in a fall-loading configuration. J Bone Joint Surg. March 1995;77A(3):387-395.
1990	Beck TJ, Ruff CB, Warden KE, Scott wW Jr, Rao GU. Predicting femoral neck strength from bone mineral data: a structural approach. Invest Radiol. January 1990;25(1):6-18.
1992	Beck TJ, Ruff CB, Scott WW Jr, Plato CC, Tobin JD, Quan CA. Sex differences in geometry of the femoral neck with aging: a structural analysis of bone mineral data. Calcif Tiss Int. January 1992;51(1):24-29.
1993	Beck TJ, Ruff CB, Bissessur K. Age-related changes in female femoral neck geometry: implications for bone strength. Calcif Tiss Int. 1993;53(suppl 1):S41-S46.
1991	Robinovitch SN, Hayes WC, McMahon TA. Prediction of femoral impact forces in falls on the hip. J Biomech Eng. November 1991;113(4):366-374.
1996	Yoganandan N, Kumaresan SC, Voo L, Pintar FA, Larson SJ. Finite element modeling of the C4–C6 cervical spine unit. Med Eng Phys. October 1996;18(7):569-574.
1996	Yang KH, Shen K-L, Demetropoulos CK, King AI, Kolodziej P, Levine RS, Fitzgerald RH Jr. The relationship between loading conditions and fracture patterns of the proximal femur. J Biomech Eng. November 1996;118(4):575-578.
1996	van den Kroonenberg AJ, Hayes WC, McMahon TA. Hip impact velocities and body configurations for voluntary falls from standing height. J Biomech. June 1996;29(6):807-811.
1998	Gordon CL, Lang TF, Augat P, Genant HK. Image-based assessment of spinal trabecular bone structure from high-resolution CT images. Osteoporos Int. August 1998;8(4):317-325.
1982	Leichter I, Margulies JY, Weinreb A, Mizrahi J, Robin GC, Conforty B, Makin M, Bloch B. The relationship between bone density, mineral content, and mechanical strength in the femoral neck. Clin Orthop Relat Res. March 1982;163:272-281.
1985	Mosekilde L, Viidik A, Mosekilde L. Correlation between the compressive strength of iliac and vertebral trabecular bone in normal individuals. Bone. 1985;6(5):291-295.
1993	Faulkner KG, Cummings SR, Black D, Palermo L, Glüer C, Genant HK. Simple measurement of femoral geometry predicts hip fracture: the study of osteoporotic fractures. J Bone Miner Res. September 1993;8(10):1211-1217.
1984	Röhrle H, Scholten R, Sigolotto C, Sollbach W, Kellner H. Joint forces in the human pelvis-leg skeleton during walking. J Biomech. 1984;17(6):409-424.
1990	Cummings SR, Black DM, Nevitt MC, Browner WS, Cauley JA, Genant HK, Mascioli SR, Scott JC, Seeley DG, Steiger P, Vogt TM; The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Appendicular bone density and age predict hip fracture in women. JAMA. February 2, 1990;263(5):665-668.
1998	Zannoni C, Mantovani R, Viceconti M. Material properties assignment to finite element models of bone structures: a new method. Med Eng Phys. December 1998;20(10):735-740.
1997	Nicholson PHF, Lowet G, Cheng XG, Boonen S, Van Der Perre G, Dequeker J. Assessment of the strength of the proximal femur in vitro: relationship with ultrasonic measurements of the calcaneus. Bone. March 1997;20(3):219-224.
1980	Hansson T, Roos B, Nachemson A. The bone mineral content and ultimate compressive strength of lumbar vertebrae. Spine. January–February 1980;5(1):46-55.
1987	Hansson TH, Keller TS, Panjabi MM. A study of the compressive properties of lumbar vertebral trabeculae: effects of tissue characteristics. Spine. January–February 1987;12(1):56-62.
1996	Pinilla TP, Boardman KC, Bouxsein ML, Myers ER, Hayes WC. Impact direction from a fall influences the failure load of the proximal femur as much as age-related bone loss. Calcif Tiss Int. April 1996;58(4):231-235.
1996	Merz B, Niederer P, Müller R, Rüegsegger P. Automated finite element analysis of excised human femora based on precision-QCT. J Biomech Eng. August 1996;118(3):387-390.
1995	McCubbrey DA, Cody DD, Peterson EL, Kuhn JL, Flynn MJ, Goldstein SA. Static and fatigue failure properties of thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies and their relation to regional density. J Biomech. August 1995;28(8):891-899.
1982	Horsman A, Nordin C, Simpson M, Spee R. Cortical and trabecular bone status in elderly women with femoral neck fracture. Clin Orthop Relat Res. June 1982;166:143-151.
1991	Vesterby A, Mosekilde L, Gundersen HJG, Melsen F, Mosekilde L, Holme K, Sørensen S. Biologically meaningful determinants of the in vitro strength of lumbar vertebrae. Bone. 1991;12(3):219-224.
1968	Mather BS. Variation with age and sex in strength of the femur. Med Biol Eng. 1968;6(2):129-132.
1989	McCarthy MA. Bone Geometry from CAT Scans for Finite Element Analysis: Image Processing Considerations and Modelling Effects [PhD thesis]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University; 1989.
1993	Mizrahi J, Silva MJ, Keaveny TM, Edwards WT, Hayes WC. Finite-element stress analysis of the normal and osteoporotic lumbar vertebral body. Spine. October 15, 1993;18(14):2088-2096.
1978	Crowninshield RD, Johnston RC, Andrews JG, Brand RA. A biomechanical investigation of the human hip. J Biomech. 1978;11(1-2):75-85.
1994	Silva MJ, Wang C, Keaveny TM, Hayes WC. Direct and computed tomography thickness measurements of the human, lumbar vertebral shell and endplate. Bone. July 8, 1994;15(4):409-414.
1979	Hakim NS, King AI. A three dimensional finite element dynamic response analysis of a vertebra with experimental verification. J Biomech. 1979;12(4):277-292.
1982	Schultz A, Andersson G, Örtengren R, Haderspeck K, Nachemson A. Loads on the lumbar spine: validation of a biomechanical analysis by measurements of intradiscal pressures and myoelectric signals. J Bone Joint Surg. June 1982;64A(5):713-720.
1994	Greenspan SL, Maitland LA, Myers ER, Krasnow MB, Kido TH. Femoral bone loss progresses with age: a longitudinal study in women over age 65. J Bone Miner Res. December 1994;9(12):1959-1965.
1989	Mosekilde L, Bentzen SM, Ørtoft G, Jørgensen J. The predictive value of quantitative computed tomography for vertebral body compressive strength and ash density. Bone. 1989;10(6):465-470.
1997	Cheng XG, Lowet G, Boonen S, Nicholson PHF, Brys P, Nijs J, Dequeker J. Assessment of the strength of proximal femur in vitro: relationship to femoral bone mineral density and femoral geometry. Bone. March 1997;20(3):213-218.
1986	Shirazi-Adl A, Ahmed AM, Shrivastava S. A finite element study of a lumbar motion segment subjected to pure sagittal plane moments. J Biomech. 1986;19(4):331-350.
1984	Shirazi-Adl SA, Shrivastava SC, Ahmed A. Stress analysis of the lumbar disc-body unit in compression: a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element study. Spine. March 1984;9(2):120-134.
1990	Lotz JC, Hayes WC. The use of quantitative computed tomography to estimate risk of fracture of the hip from falls. J Bone Joint Surg. June 1990;72A(5):689-700.
1994	Myers BS, Arbogast KB, Lobaugh B, Harper KD, Richardson WJ, Drezner MK. Improved assessment of lumbar vertebral body strength using supine lateral dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. J Bone Miner Res. May 1994;9(5):687-693.
1991	Grisso JA, Kelsey JL, Strom BL, Chiu GY, Maislin G, O'Brien LA, Hoffman S, Kaplan F; Northeast Hip Fracture Study Group. Risk factors for falls as a cause of hip fracture in women. NEJM. May 9, 1991;324(19):1326-1331.
1989	Melton LJ III, Kan SH, Frye MA, Wahner HW, O'Fallon WM, Riggs BL. Epidemiology of vertebral fractures in women. Am J Epidemiol. May 1989;129(5):1000-1011.
1988	Alho A, Husby R, Høiseth A. Bone mineral content and mechanical strength: an ex vivo study on human femora at autopsy. Clin Orthop Relat Res. February 1988;227:292-297.
1995	Moro M, Hecker AT, Bouxsein ML, Myers ER. Failure load of thoracic vertebrae correlates with lumbar bone mineral density measured by DXA. Calcif Tiss Int. March 1995;56(3):206-209.
1994	Bozic KJ, Keyak JH, Skinner HB, Bueff UH, Bradford DS. Three-dimensional finite element modeling of a cervical vertebra an investigation of burst fracture mechanism. J Spinal Disord. April 1994;7(2):102-110.
1996	Ford CM, Keaveny TM, Hayes WC. The effect of impact direction on the structural capacity of the proximal femur during falls. J Bone Miner Res. March 1996;11(3):377-383.
1999	Cody DD, Gross GJ, Hou FJ, Spencer HJ, Goldstein SA, Fyhrie DP. Femoral strength is better predicted by finite element models than QCT and DXA. J Biomech. October 1999;32(10):1013-1020.
1972	Brekelmans WAM, Poort HW, Slooff TJJH. A new method to analyse the mechanical behaviour of skeletal parts. Acta Orthop Scand. 1972;43(5):301-317.
1994	Greenspan SL, Myers ER, Maitland LA, Resnick NM, Hayes WC. Fall severity and bone mineral density as risk factors for hip fracture in ambulatory elderly. JAMA. January 12, 1994;271(2):128-133.
1983	Huiskes R, Chao EYS. A survey of finite element analysis in orthopedic biomechanics: the first decade. J Biomech. 1983;16(6):385-409.
1993	Bergmann G, Graichen F, Rohlmann A. Hip joint loading during walking and running, measured in two patients. J Biomech. August 1993;26(8):969-990.
1998	Greenspan SL, Myers ER, Kiel DP, Parker RA, Hayes WC, Resnick NM. Fall direction, bone mineral density, and function: risk factors for hip fracture in frail nursing home elderly. Am J Med. June 1998;104(6):539-545.
1970	McLeish R, Charnley J. Abduction forces in the one-legged stance. J Biomech. March 1970;3(2):191-209.
1993	Snyder BD, Piazza S, Edwards WT, Hayes WC. Role of trabecular morphology in the etiology of age-related vertebral fractures. Calcif Tiss Int. February 1993;53(suppl 1):S14-S22.
1989	Eriksson SAV, Isberg BO, Lindgren JU. Prediction of vertebral strength by dual photon absorptiometry and quantitative computed tomography. Calcif Tiss Int. April 1989;44(4):243-250.
1999	Bouxsein ML, Coan BS, Lee SC. Prediction of the strength of the elderly proximal femur by bone mineral density and quantitative ultrasound measurements of the heel and tibia. Bone. July 1999;25(1):49-54.
1990	Keyak JH, Meagher JM, Skinner HB, Mote CD Jr. Automated three-dimensional finite element modelling of bone: a new method. J Biomed Eng. 1990;12(5):389-397.
1993	Keyak JH, Fourkas MG, Meagher JM, Skinner HB. Validation of an automated method of three-dimensional finite element modelling of bone. J Biomed Eng. November 1993;15(6):505-509.
1992	Keyak JH, Skinner HB. Three-dimensional finite element modelling of bone: effects of element size. J Biomed Eng. 1992;14(6):483-489.
1998	Keyak JH, Rossi SA, Jones KA, Skinner HB. Prediction of femoral fracture load using automated finite element modeling. J Biomech. February 1998;31(2):125-133.
1995	Bouxsein ML, Courtney AC, Hayes WC. Ultrasound and densitometry of the calcaneus correlate with the failure loads of cadaveric femurs. Calcif Tiss Int. February 1995;56(2):99-103.
1993	Huiskes R, Hollister SJ. From structure to process, from organ to cell: recent developments of FE-analysis in orthopaedic biomechanics. J Biomech Eng. November 1993;115(4B):520-527.
1993	Hayes WC, Myers ER, Morris JN, Gerhart TN, Yett HS, Lipsitz LA. Impact near the hip dominates fracture risk in elderly nursing home residents who fall. Calcif Tiss Int. March 1993;52(3):192-198.
1976	Dalén N, Hellström L-G, Jacobson B. Bone mineral content and mechanical strength of the femoral neck. Acta Orthop Scand. 1976;47(5):503-508.
1991	Hayes WC, Piazza SJ, Zysset PK. Biomechanics of fracture risk prediction of the hip and spine by quantitative computed tomography. Radiol Clin North Am. 1991;29(1):1-18.
1989	Brinckmann P, Biggemann M, Hilweg D. Prediction of the compressive strength of human lumbar vertebrae. Spine. June 1989;14(6):606-610.
1985	McBroom RJ, Hayes WC, Edwards WT, Goldberg RP, White AA III. Prediction of vertebral body compressive fracture using quantitative computed tomography. J Bone Joint Surg. 1985;67A(8):1206-1214.
1982	Riggs BL, Wahner HW, Seeman E, Offord KP, Dunn WL, Mazess RB, Johnson KA, Melton LJ III. Changes in bone mineral density of the proximal femur and spine with aging: differences between the postmenopausal and senile osteoporosis syndromes. J Clin Invest. October 1982;70(4):716-723.
1986	Riggs BL, Melton LJ III. Involutional osteoporosis. NEJM. June 26, 1986;314(26):1676-1686.
1991	Faulkner KG, Cann CE, Hasegawa BH. Effect of bone distribution on vertebral strength: assessment with patient-specific nonlinear finite element analysis. Radiology. June 1991;179(3):669-674.
1991	Lotz JC, Cheal EJ, Hayes WC. Fracture prediction for the proximal femur using finite element models, I: linear analysis. J Biomech Eng. 1991;113(4):353-360.
1995	Lotz JC, Cheal EJ, Hayes WC. Stress distributions within the proximal femur during gait and falls: implications for osteoporotic fracture. Osteoporos Int. July 1995;5(3):252-261.
1986	Wolff J. The Law of Bone Remodelling. Maquet P, Furlong R, trans. New York, NY: Springer; 1986.
1986	Mosekilde L, Mosekilde L. Normal vertebral body size and compressive strength: relations to age and to vertebral and iliac trabecular bone compressive strength. Bone. 1986;7(3):207-212.
1987	Mosekilde L, Mosekilde L, Danielsen CC. Biomechanical competence of vertebral trabecular bone in relation to ash density and age in normal individuals. Bone. 1987;8(2):79-85.
1978	Hardt DE. Determining muscle forces in the leg during normal human walking: an application and evaluation of optimization methods. J Biomech Eng. May 1978;100(2):72-78.
1989	Esses SI, Lotz JC, Hayes WC. Biomechanical properties of the proximal femur determined in vitro by single‐energy quantitative computed tomography. J Bone Miner Res. October 1989;4(5):715-722.
1991	Lotz JC, Cheal EJ, Hayes WC. Fracture prediction for the proximal femur using finite element models, II: nonlinear analysis. J Biomech Eng. 1991;113(4):361-364.
1989	Keller TS, Hansson TH, Abram AC, Spengler DM, Panjabi MM. Regional variations in the compressive properties of lumbar vertebral trabeculae: effects of disc degeneration. Spine. September 1989;14(9):1012-1019.
1991	Cody DD, Goldstein SA, Flynn MJ, Brown EB. Correlations between vertebral regional bone mineral density (rBMD) and whole bone fracture load. Spine. 1991;16(2):146-154.
1988	Biggemann M, Hilweg D, Brinckmann P. Prediction of the compressive strength of vertebral bodies of the lumbar spine by quantitative computed tomography. Skeletal Radiol. June 1988;17(4):264-269.
1988	Mosekilde L, Mosekilde L. Iliac crest trabecular bone volume as predictor for vertebral compressive strength, ash density and trabecular bone volume in normal individuals. Bone. 1988;9(4):195-199.

Year	Entry
2004	Doblaré M, García JM, Gomez MJ. Modelling bone tissue fracture and healing: a review. Eng Fract Mech. September 2004;71(13-14):1809-1840.
2015	Lin C-L. A Study of Human and Bovine Trabecular Bones Using Nanoindentation and Quantitative Backscattered Electron Imaging [PhD thesis]. Brisbane, Australia: University of Queensland; 2015.
2016	Lin C-l. A Study of Human and Bovine Trabecular Bones Using Nanoindentation and Quantitative Backscattered Electron Imaging [PhD thesis]. Brisbane, Australia: University of Queensland; 2016.
2010	Anderson DE. An Examination of Age-Related Differences in Lower Extremity Joint Torques and Strains in the Proximal Femur During Gait [PhD thesis]. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; March 26, 2010.