Mechanism of head injury as studied by the cathode ray oscilloscope:​ preliminary report

Gurdjian, E. S.; Lissner, H. R.

Affiliations

¹Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and the College of Engineering, Wayne University, Detroit, Michigan

Links

DOI: 10.3171/jns.1944.1.6.0393

WoS: 000208450700005

History

Received: 1944-06-28

Cited Works (1)

Year	Entry
1944	Walker AE, Kollros JJ, Case TJ. The physiological basis of concussion. J Neurosurg. March 1944;1(2):103-116.

Cited By (48)

Year	Entry
1957	Evans FG. Stress and Strain in Bones: Their Relation to Fractures and Osteogenesis. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas; 1957.
2004	Haug E, Choi H-Y, Robin S, Beaugonin M. Human models for crash and impact simulation. In: Ayache N, ed. Computational Models for the Human Body. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier B.V; 2004:231-452. Ciarlet PG, ed. Handbook of Numerical Analysis; vol 12.
1970	Unterharnscheidt FJ. Discussion. In: Gurdjian ES, Lange WA, Patrick LM, Thomas LM, eds. Impact Injury and Crash Protection. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas; 1970:43-62.
1970	Hirsch AE, Ommaya AK, Mahone RH. Tolerance of subhuman primate brain to cerebral concussion. In: Gurdjian ES, Lange WA, Patrick LM, Thomas LM, eds. Impact Injury and Crash Protection. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas; 1970:352-369.
2001	Fritton SP, Rubin CT. Dense bone tissue as a molecular composite. In: Cowin SC, ed. Bone Mechanics Handbook. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2001:8-1–8-41.
2015	King AI. Introduction to and applications of injury biomechanics. In: Yoganandan N, Nahum AM, Melvin JW, eds. Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention. 3rd ed. New York: Springer; 2015:1-31.
2015	Melvin JW, Yoganandan N. Biomechanics of brain injury: a historical perspective. In: Yoganandan N, Nahum AM, Melvin JW, eds. Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention. 3rd ed. New York: Springer; 2015:221-245.
2015	Newman JA. Design and testing of sports helmets: biomechanical and practical considerations. In: Yoganandan N, Nahum AM, Melvin JW, eds. Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention. 3rd ed. New York: Springer; 2015:755-768.
2005	Newman JA. The biomechanics of head trauma and the development of the modern helmet: how far have we really come? In: Proceedings of the 2005 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 21-23, 2005; Prague, Czech Republic.3-12.
2016	Jones DA, Urban JE, Weaver AA, Stitzel JD. Investigation of head injury mechanisms through multivariate finite element simulation. In: Proceedings of the 12th Ohio State University Injury Biomechanics Symposium. June 5-7, 2016; Columbus, OH.
1968	Patrick LM, Van Kirk DJ, Nyquist GW. Vehicle accelerator crash simulator. In: Proceedings of the 12th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 22-23, 1968; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:402-423. SAE 680791.
1969	Hodgson VR, Thomas LM, Gurdjian ES, Fernando OU, Greenberg SW, Chason JL. Advances in understanding of experimental concussion mechanisms. In: Proceedings of the 13th Stapp Car Crash Conference. December 2-4, 1969; Boston, MA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:18-37. SAE 690796.
1979	Hodgson VR, Thomas LM. Acceleration induced shear strains in a monkey brain hemisection. In: Proceedings of the 23rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 17-19, 1979; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:589-611. SAE 791023.
1999	Al-Bsharat AS, Hardy WN, Yang KH, Khalil TB, Tashman S, King AI. Brain/skull relative displacement magnitude due to blunt head impact: new experimental data and model. In: Proceedings of the 43rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 25-27, 1999; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:321-332. SAE 99SC22.
2007	Kleiven S. Predictors for traumatic brain injuries evaluated through accident reconstructions. Stapp Car Crash J. 2007;51:81-114. SAE 2007-22-0003.
2010	Rousseau P, Hoshizaki TB, Gilchrist MD, Post A. Estimating the influence of neckform compliance on brain tissue strain during a helmeted impact. Stapp Car Crash J. 2010;54:37-48. SAE 2010-22-0003.
1960	Nachemson A. Lumbar intradiscal pressure: experimental studies on post-mortem material. Acta Orthop Scand. 1960;31(suppl 43):1-104.
1970	Lanyon LE, Smith RN. Bone strain in the tibia during normal quadrupedal locomotion. Acta Orthop Scand. 1970;41(3):238-248.
1975	Turner AS, Mills EJ, Gabel AA. In vivo measurement of bone strain in the horse. Am J Vet Res. November 1975;36(11):1573-1579.
1972	Cochran GVB. Implantation of strain gages on bone in vivo. J Biomech. January 1972;5(1):119-123.
1977	Rybicki EF, Mills EJ, Turner AS, Simonen FA. In vivo and analytical studies of forces and moments in equine long bones. J Biomech. 1977;10(11-12):701-705.
1987	Lanyon LE. Functional strain in bone tissue as an objective, and controlling stimulus for adaptive bone remodelling. J Biomech. 1987;20(11-12):1083-1093.
1995	Mikić B, Carter DR. Bone strain gage data and theoretical models of functional adaptation. J Biomech. April 1995;28(4):465-469.
2020	King AI, Grimm MJ. Herbert R. Lissner: the father of impact biomechanics. J Biomech Eng. March 2020;142(3):030801.
2015	Grassi L, Isaksson H. Extracting accurate strain measurements in bone mechanics: a critical review of current methods. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. October 2015;50:43-54.
1966	Thomas LM, Roberts VL, Gurdjian ES. Experimental intracranial pressure gradients in the human skull. J Neurol Neutrosurg Psychiatry. 1966;29(5):404-411.
1961	Gurdjian ES, Lissner HR. Photoelastic confirmation of the presence of shear strains at the craniospinal junction in closed head injury. J Neurosurg. January 1961;18(1):58-60.
1964	Ommaya AK, Rockoff SD, Baldwin M, Friau WS. Experimental concussion: a first report. J Neurosurg. April 1964;21:249-265.
1968	Gurdjian ES, Hodgson VR, Thomas LM, Patrick LM. Significance of relative movements of scalp, skull, and intracranial contents during impact injury of the head. J Neurosurg. July 1968;29(1):70-72.
1995	King AI, Ruan JS, Zhou C, Hardy WN, Khalil TB. Recent advances in biomechanics of brain injury research: a review. J Neurotrauma. August 1995;12(4):651-658.
2009	Rousseau P, Hoshizaki TB. The influence of deflection and neck compliance on the impact dynamics of a Hybrid III headform. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part P-J Sports Eng Tech. 2009;223(1):89-97.
2012	Post A, Hoshizaki TB. Mechanisms of brain impact injuries and their prediction: a review. Trauma. October 2012;14(4):327-349.
1996	Hillam RA. Response of Bone to Mechanical Load and Alterations in Circulating Hormones [PhD thesis]. Bristol, UK: University of Bristol; October 1996.
2019	Yu AW. Blast-Induced Neurotrauma and the Cavitation Mechanism of Injury [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2019.
2016	Grassi L. Femoral Strength Prediction Using Finite Element Models: Validation of Models Based on CT and Reconstructed DXA Images Against Full-Field Strain Measurements [PhD thesis]. Lund, Sweden: Lund University; 2016.
2003	Peterman MM. A Strain Map of the Human Distal Tibia During the Stance Phase of Walking, from Dynamic Cadaver Experiments and Finite Element Analysis Simulations [PhD thesis]. State College, PA: Pennsylvania State University; August 2003.
1996	Adams DJ. Mechanical Factors Initiating Appositional Bone Formation [PhD thesis]. University of Iowa; May 1996.
2014	Patton DA. The Biomechanical Determinants of Sports-Related Concussion: Finite Element Simulations of Unhelmeted Head Impacts to Evaluate Kinematic and Tissue-Level Predictors of Injury and Investigate the Design Implications for Soft-Shell Headgear [PhD thesis]. University of New South Wales; March 2014.
2011	Coulson NR. The Influence of Impact Mass, Inbound Velocity and System Compliance on the Dynamic Response of a Hybrid III Head Form [Master's thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2011.
2013	Post A. The Influence of Dynamic Response Characteristics on Traumatic Brain Injury [PhD thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2013.
2016	Kendall M. Comparison and Characterization of Different Concussive Brain Injury Events [PhD thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2016.
2018	Oeur RA. The Effects of Reconstructed Head Impact Event Parameters on Risk of Sport Related Concussions [PhD thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2018.
2018	Taylor K. The Use of Decoupling Structures in Helmet Liners to Reduce Maximum Principal Brain Tissue Strain for Head Impacts [PhD thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2018.
2019	Karton C. Profiling Brain Trauma in Professional American-Style Football and the Implications to Developing Neurological Injury [PhD thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2019.
1994	Ruan JS. Impact Biomechanics of Head Injury by Mathematical Modeling [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 1994.
1995	Zhou C. Finite Element Modeling of Impact Response of an Inhomogeneous Brain [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 1995.
2007	Hardy WN. Response of the Human Cadaver Head to Impact [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; December 2007.
2020	Zhou R. Development of Rat Head Finite Element Model and Tissue Level Biomechanical Threshold for Traumatic Axonal Injury [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; May 2020.