EvaRID: a 50th percentile female rear impact finite element dummy model

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Carlsson, Anna¹; Chang, Fred²; Lemmen, Paul³; Kullgren, Anders^1,4; Schmitt, Kai‐Uwe^5,6; Linder, Astrid⁷; Svensson, Mats Y.¹

EvaRID: a 50th percentile female rear impact finite element dummy model

Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury

Affiliations

¹Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden

²Humanetics Innovative Solutions, USA

³Humanetics, the Netherlands

⁴Folksam Research

⁵AGU Zurich (Switzerland)

⁶Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich)

⁷The Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Sweden
Abstract and keywords

Neck injury due to low severity vehicle crashes is of worldwide concern and the injury risk is greater for females than males. However, whiplash protection systems have shown to be more beneficial for males than females. Hence there is a need for improved tools to address female protection. The objective is to develop and evaluate a 50th percentile female rear impact crash dummy FE model.

The model was based on the same design concept as the BioRID II. A scaling approach was developed and the first version, EvaRID V1.0, was implemented. Its dynamic response was compared to rear impact tests with female volunteers.

The EvaRID model and volunteer tests showed good correlations until ~250 ms of the head and T1 accelerations, linear displacements and head angular displacement. Considerably less T1 angular displacement was found for the EvaRID; similar results were obtained for the BioRID II. Thus, the EvaRID V1.0 and BioRID II models have limitations at low Δv (7km/h).

The EvaRID model demonstrated the potential to become a valuable tool when evaluating and developing seats/whiplash protection systems, however, this will require updating the joint stiffness. The model may be used as a template for the development of a physical female dummy.

Keywords: Anthropometry, Dummy, Female, FE model, Rear Impact
Links

URL: http://www.ircobi.org/downloads/irc12/pdf_files/32.pdf

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2013	Lemmen P, Gupta A, Lakshminarayana A, Carlsson A, Svensson M, Schmitt K-U, Levallois I, Linder A, Tomasch E. Seat optimisation considering reduction of neck injuries for female and male occupants: applications of the EvaRID model and a loading device representing a 50th percentile female. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 27-30, 2013; Seoul, South Korea.
2012	Schmitt K, Weber T, Svensson M, Davidsson J, Carlsson A, Björklund M, Jakobsson L, Tomasch E, Linder A. Seat testing to investigate the female neck injury risk: preliminary results using a new female dummy prototype. In: Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 12-14, 2012; Dublin, Ireland.263.
2013	Gutsche AJ, Tomasch E, Sinz W, Levallois I, Alonso S, Lemmen P, Linder A, Steffan H. Improve assessment and enhance safety for the evaluation of whiplash protection systems addressing male and female occupants in different seat configurations by introducing virtual methods in consumer tests. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 11-13, 2013; Gothenburg, Sweden.77-90.
2014	Gutsche AJ, Tomasch E, Darok M, Sinz W, Ciglaric I, Ravnik D, Steffan H. Comparison of the cervical spine bony kinematics for female PMHS with the virtual EvaRID dummy under whiplash loading. In: Proceedings of the 2014 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 10-12, 2014; Berlin, Germany.250-267.
2015	Jakobsson L, Lindman M, Björklund M, Victor T. Rear‐end impact: crash prevention and occupant protection. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 9-11, 2015; Lyon, France.803-813.
2015	Kitagawa Y, Yamada K, Motojima H, Yasuki T. Consideration on gender difference of whiplash associated disorder in low speed rear impact. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 9-11, 2015; Lyon, France.233-245.
2021	Jakobsson L, Östh J, Bohman K. Rear-end impact assessment expanded with pre-impact posture variations. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 8-10, 2021; Online.753-770.
2023	Hasija V, Ruparel T, Kelkar R, Craig MJ, Takhounts EG. Injury risk evaluation for mid-sized females using finite element human body models. In: Proceedings of the 2023 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-165, 2023; Cambridge, United Kingdom.363-382.