Motion of the head and neck of female and male volunteers in rear impact car-to-car tests at 4 and 8 km/h

Carlsson, Anna; Siegmund, Gunter P.; Linder, Astrid; Svensson, Mats

Year	Entry
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2003	Kullgren A, Eriksson L, Boström O, Krafft M. Validation of neck injury criteria using reconstructed real-life rear-end crashes with recorded crash pulses. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 19-22, 2003; Nagoya, Japan.
2008	Linder A, Carlsson A, Svensson MY, Siegmund GP. Dynamic responses of female and male volunteers in rear impacts. Traffic Inj Prev. 2008;9(6):592-599.
2007	Kullgren A, Krafft M, Lie A, Tingvall C. The effect of whiplash protection systems in real-life crashes and their correlation to consumer crash test programmes. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 18-21, 2007; Lyon, France.
2008	Stemper BD, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Maiman DJ, Meyer MA, DeRosia J, Shender BS, Paskoff G. Anatomical gender differences in cervical vertebrae of size-matched volunteers. Spine. January 15, 2008;33(2):E44-E49.
2004	Linder A, Avery M, Kullgren A, Krafft M. Real-world rear impacts reconstructed in sled tests. In: Proceedings of the 2004 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 22-24, 2004; Graz, Austria.233-244.
1990	Maag U, Desjardins D, Bourbeau R, Laberge-Nadeau C. Seat belts and neck injuries. In: Proceedings of the 1990 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 12-14, 1990; Lyon, France.1-13.
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Year	Entry
2011	Linder A, Svensson M, Carlsson A, Lemmen P, Chang F, Schmitt K-U, Kullgren A. EVARID: anthropometric and biomechanical specification of a finite element dummy model of an average female for rear impact testing. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 13-16, 2011; Washington, DC.
2013	Lemmen P, Gupta A, Lakshminarayana A, Carlsson A, Svensson M, Schmitt K-U, Levallois I, Linder A, Tomasch E. Seat optimisation considering reduction of neck injuries for female and male occupants: applications of the EvaRID model and a loading device representing a 50th percentile female. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 27-30, 2013; Seoul, South Korea.
1998	Davidsson J, Svensson MY, Flogård A, Håland Y, Jakobsson L, Linder A, Lövsund P, Wiklund K. BioRID I: a new biofidelic rear impact dummy. In: Proceedings of the 1998 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 16-18, 1998; Göteberg, Sweden.377-390.
2012	Carlsson A, Chang F, Lemmen P, Kullgren A, Schmitt K, Linder A, Svensson MY. EvaRID: a 50th percentile female rear impact finite element dummy model. In: Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 12-14, 2012; Dublin, Ireland.249-262.
2013	Parenteau CS, Zuby D, Brolin KB, Svensson MY, Palmertz C, Wang SC. Restrained male and female occupants in frontal crashes: are we different? In: Proceedings of the 2013 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 11-13, 2013; Gothenburg, Sweden.803-817.
2014	Sato F, Nakajima T, Ono K, Svensson M, Brolin K, Kaneoka K. Dynamic cervical vertebral motion of female and male volunteers and analysis of its interaction with head/neck/torso behavior during low‐speed rear impact. In: Proceedings of the 2014 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 10-12, 2014; Berlin, Germany.227-249.
2015	Kitagawa Y, Yamada K, Motojima H, Yasuki T. Consideration on gender difference of whiplash associated disorder in low speed rear impact. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 9-11, 2015; Lyon, France.233-245.
2015	Sato F, Nakajima T, Ono K, Svensson M, Kaneoka K. Characteristics of dynamic cervical vertebral kinematics for female and male volunteers in low‐speed rear impact, based on quasi‐static neck kinematics. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 9-11, 2015; Lyon, France.261-277.
2011	Carlsson A, Linder A, Davidsson J, Hell W, Schick S, Svensson M. Dynamic kinematic responses of female volunteers in rear impacts and comparison to previous male volunteer tests. Traffic Inj Prev. 2011;12(4):347-357.
2020	Correia MA. Optimization of Neck Musculature Activation for Head Kinematics in Frontal, Lateral and Rear Impact Simulations [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2020.