Design of a full-scale impact system for analysis of vehicle pedestrian collisions

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Kam, C. Y.¹; Kerrigan, J.¹; Meissner, M.¹; Drinkwater, C.¹; Murphy, D.¹; Bolton, J.¹; Arregui, C.¹; Kendall, R.¹; Ivarsson, J.¹; Crandall, J.¹; Deng, B.²; Wang, J. T.²; Kerkeling, C.²; Hahn, W.²

Design of a full-scale impact system for analysis of vehicle pedestrian collisions

Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition

Affiliations

¹University of Virginia Center For Applied Biomechanics

²General Motors Corporation
Abstract

The complexity of vehicle-pedestrian collisions necessitates extensive validation of pedestrian computational models. While body components can be individually simulated, overall validation of human pedestrian models requires full-scale testing with post mortem human surrogates (PMHS). This paper presents the development of a full-scale pedestrian impact test plan and experimental design that will be used to perform PMHS tests to validate human pedestrian models. The test plan and experimental design is developed based on the analysis of a combination of literature review, multi-body modeling, and epidemiologic studies. The proposed system has proven effective in testing an anthropometrically correct rescue dummy in multiple instances. The success of these tests suggests the potential for success in a full-scale pedestrian impact test using a PMHS.
Links

DOI: 10.4271/2005-01-1875

SAE: 2005-01-1875

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2006	Kendall R, Meissner M, Crandall J. The causes of head injury in vehicle-pedestrian impacts: comparing the relative danger of vehicle and road surface. In: Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition. April 3-6, 2006; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2006-01-0462.
2005	Kerrigan JR, Murphy DB, Drinkwater DC, Kam CY, Bose D, Crandall JR. Kinematic corridors for PMHS tested in full-scale pedestrian impact tests. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 6-9, 2005; Washington, DC.
2005	Crandall J, Wiley K, Longhitano D, Akiyama A. Development of performance specifications for a pedestrian research dummy. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 6-9, 2005; Washington, DC.
2007	Masson C, Serre T, Cesari D. Pedestrian-vehicle accident: analysis of 4 full scale tests with PMHS. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 18-21, 2007; Lyon, France.
2009	Kerrigan J, Arregui C, Crandall J. Pedestrian head impact dynamics: comparison of dummy and PMHS in small sedan and large SUV impacts. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
2019	Klug C, Feist F, Schneider B, Sinz W, Ellway J, van Ratingen M. Development of a certification procedure for numerical pedestrian models. In: Proceedings of the 26th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 10-13, 2019; Eindhoven, Netherlands.
2005	Kerrigan J, Kam C, Drinkwater C, Murphy D, Bose D, Ivarsson J, Crandall J. Kinematic comparison of the Polar-II and PMHS in pedestrian impact tests with a sport-utility vehicle. In: Proceedings of the 2005 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 21-23, 2005; Prague, Czech Republic.159-174.
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2008	Kerrigan J, Parent D, Untaroiu C, Crandall J, Deng B. A new detailed multi-body model of the pedestrian lower extremity: development and preliminary validation. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 17-19, 2008; Bern, Switzerland.227-242.
2008	Subit D, Kerrigan J, Crandall J, Fukuyama K, Yamazaki K, Kamiji K, Yasuki T. Pedestrian-vehicle interaction: kinematics and injury analysis of four full scale tests. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 17-19, 2008; Bern, Switzerland.275-294.
2015	Forman JL, Joodaki H, Forghani A, Riley P, Bollapragada V, Lessley D, Overby B, Heltzel S, Crandall J. Biofidelity corridors for whole‐body pedestrian impact with a generic buck. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 9-11, 2015; Lyon, France.356-372.
2017	Klug C, Feist F, Raffler M, Sinz W, Petit P, Ellway J, van Ratingen M. Development of a procedure to compare kinematics of human body models for pedestrian simulations. In: Proceedings of the 2017 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-15, 2017; Antwerp, Belgium.508-530.
2005	Kerrigan JR, Drinkwater DC, Murphy DB, Kam CY, Crandall JR. Comparison of full scale pedestrian impact tests with PMHS and a pedestrian dummy. In: Proceedings of the 1st Ohio State University Injury Biomechanics Symposium. May 19-21, 2005; Columbus, OH.
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2008	Kerrigan J, Rudd R, Subit D, Untaroiu C, Crandall J. Pedestrian lower extremity response and injury: a small sedan vs. a large sport utility vehicle. In: Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition. April 14-17, 2008; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2008-01-1245.
2007	Untaroiu C, Kerrigan J, Kam C, Crandall J, Yamazaki K, Fukuyama K, Kamiji K, Yasuki T, Funk J. Correlation of strain and loads measured in the long bones with observed kinematics of the lower limb during vehicle-pedestrian impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2007;51:433-466. SAE 2007-22-0018.
2008	Kerrigan JR, Crandall JR, Deng B. A comparative analysis of the pedestrian injury risk predicted by mechanical impactors and post mortem human surrogates. Stapp Car Crash J. 2008;52:527-567. SAE 2008-22-0020.
2012	Kerrigan J, Arregui-Dalmases C, Crandall J. Assessment of pedestrian head impact dynamics in small sedan and large SUV collisions. Int J Crashworthiness. 2012;17(3):243-258.
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