A human body model representing a mid size male has been presented at the 1998 STAPP conference. A combination of modelling techniques was applied using rigid bodies for most segments, but describing the thorax as a deformable structure. In the current paper this modelling strategy was employed to also develop a model representing a small female. The validation database was extended and now also includes lateral validation. The anthropometry of both models has been derived from the RAMSIS anthropometry database. Joint properties for the mid size male were derived from literature, and established scaling techniques were employed to derive joint properties for the small female model.

The mid size male model was validated using:​ frontal volunteer sled tests, frontal and lateral post mortem human subject (PMHS) impactor tests in various body regions, lateral PMHS sled tests, and rearward volunteer and PMHS tests. The small female model was validated using scaled biofidelity requirements from the literature and biomechanic data of the applicable body size including side airbag loading. The models were found to satisfy the available biofidelity requirements in terms of kinematics, chest deflections, and accelerations.