Several efforts to mitigate vulnerable road user (VRU) injury in motor vehicle crashes are ongoing. VRU head injuries are among the most common and severe. Descriptive findings from the Vulnerable Road User Injury Prevention Alliance’s current research efforts are reported in this study. Results include relational graphics of impact locations on vehicles with isometric and wrap documentations, strike density, impact speeds and kinematic patterns. The distribution maps of VRU-vehicle impact zones show that the most common contact occurred on the front right corner area of the vehicles for those that sustained a head injury. The forward projection trajectory type occurred at lower impact speeds with multipurpose vehicles (MPVs) and trucks, while wrap trajectories and roof vaults occurred at higher relative speeds. A higher proportion of VRU head/face contacts occurred beyond the hood surface (i.e. cowl, windshield) in passenger cars (84%) when compared to MPVs (44%) and trucks (50%). This analysis of pedestrian head/face strike locations on vehicles is the most current real-time surveillance of VRU crashes in the United States.
Keywords:
VIPA; Vulnerable Road Users; Pedestrian Safety; Head Injuries; Surveillance