Evaluation of thoracic injury criteria for THUMS finite element human body model using real‐world crash data

wbldb

Mendoza‐Vázquez, Manuel¹; Jakobsson, Lotta^1,2; Davidsson, Johan¹; Brolin, Karin¹; Östmann, Merete^1,2

Evaluation of thoracic injury criteria for THUMS finite element human body model using real‐world crash data

Proceedings of the 2014 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury

Affiliations

¹Department of Applied Mechanics, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden

²Volvo Cars Safety Centre, Sweden
Abstract and keywords

This study aims to compare the thoracic injury risk predicted by a modified THUMS with the risks predicted by an injury risk curve constructed based on real‐world data. Since the injury risk curves for the modified THUMS were developed from reconstruction of post‐mortem human subjects tests, it is of interest to investigate their performance in real‐world crashes. For this purpose, an AIS2+ injury risk curve was constructed based on selected and representative frontal car crashes from the Volvo Cars' Traffic Statistical Accident Database. Six simulations with three different crash severities and two acceleration pulses for each severity were performed with THUMS in a detailed and representative interior vehicle model. The injury criteria Dmax, DcTHOR, shear stress and first principal strain in the ribs were computed with the modified THUMS and the risks were obtained from its previously developed injury risk curves. These risks were then compared to the risk from the real‐world data. All four THUMS criteria predict higher risk compared to the risk predicted by the realworld injury risk curve. The risk estimated with Dmax was closest to the risk estimated by the injury risk curve based on real‐world data.

Keywords: FE‐HBM, field data, injury criteria, thorax, THUMS
Links

URL: http://www.ircobi.org/downloads/irc14/pdf_files/62.pdf

Cited Works (22)

Year	Entry
1970	Yamada H. Strength of Biological Materials. Evans FG, ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins Company; 1970.
2011	Kononen DW, Flannagan CAC, Wang SC. Identification and validation of a logistic regression model for predicting serious injuries associated with motor vehicle crashes. Accid Anal Prev. January 2011;43(1):112-122.
2002	Iwamoto M, Kisanuki Y, Watanabe I, Furusu K, Miki K, Hasegawa J. Development of a finite element model of the total human model for safety (THUMS) and application to injury reconstruction. In: Proceedings of the 2002 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 18-20, 2002; Munich, Germany.
2014	Davidsson J, Carroll J, Hynd D, Lecuyer E, Song E, Trosseille X, Eggers A, Sunnevang C, Praxl N, Martinez L, Lemmen P, Been B. Development of injury risk functions for use with the THORAX demonstrator: an updated THOR. In: Proceedings of the 2014 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 10-12, 2014; Berlin, Germany.359-376.
2005	Isaksson-Hellman I, Norin H. How thirty years of focused safety development has influenced injury outcome in Volvo cars. In: 49th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 12-14, 2005; Boston, MA.63-77.
2005	Kent R, Lee S-H, Darvish K, Wang S, Poster CS, Lange AW, Brede C, Lange D, Matsuoka F. Structural and material changes in the aging thorax and their role in crash protection for older occupants. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2005;49:231-249. SAE 2005-22-0011.
1973	Lobdell TE, Kroell CK, Schneider DC, Hering WE, Nahum AM. Impact response of the human thorax. In: King WF, Mertz HJ, eds. Human Impact Response: Measurement and Simulation. Proceedings of the Symposium on Human Impact Response held at the General Motors Research Laboratorie; October 2-3, 1972; Warren, MI. New York, NY: Plenum Press; 1973:201-243.
2000	Keyak J, Rossi S. Prediction of femoral fracture load using finite element models: an examination of stress- and strain-based failure theories. J Biomech. 2000;33(2):209-214.
1968	Armstrong RW, Waters HP, Stapp JP. Human muscular restraint during sled deceleration. In: Proceedings of the 12th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 22-23, 1968; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:440-462. SAE 680793.
1978	Foret-Bruno JY, Hartemann F, Thomas C, Fayon A, Tarrière C, Got C, Patel A. Correlation between thoracic lesions and force values measured at the shoulder of 92 belted occupants involved in real accidents. In: Proceedings of the 22nd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 24-26, 1978; Ann Arobor, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:271-292. SAE 780892.
1974	Neathery RF. Analysis of chest impact response data and scaled performance recommendations. In: Proceedings of the 18th Stapp Car Crash Conference. December 4-5, 1974; Ann Arbor, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:459-493. SAE 741188.
2008	Ejima S, Zama Y, Satou F, Holcombe S, Ono K, Kaneoka K, Shiina I. Prediction of the physical motion on human body based on muscle activities during pre-impact breaking. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 17-19, 2008; Bern, Switzerland.163-175.
2010	Prasad P, Mertz HJ, Dalmotas DJ, Augenstein JS, Digges K. Evaluation of the field relevance of several injury risk functions. Stapp Car Crash J. 2010;54:49-72. SAE 2010-22-0004.
2011	Crandall JR, Bose D, Forman J, Untaroiu CD, Arregui‐Dalmases C, Shaw CG, Kerrigan JR. Human surrogates for injury biomechanics research. Clin Anat. 2011;24(3):362-371.
1991	Mertz HJ, Horsch JD, Horn G, Lowne RW. Hybrid III sternal deflection associated with thoracic injury severities of occupants restrained with force-limiting shoulder belts. In: Proceedings of the SAE International Congress & Exposition. February 25–March 1, 1991; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:105-119. SAE 910812.
2005	Kent R, Henary B, Matsuoka F. On the fatal crash experience of older drivers. In: 49th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 12-14, 2005; Boston, MA.371-391.
2009	Song E, Trosseille X, Baudrit P. Evaluation of thoracic deflection as an injury criterion for side impact using a finite elements thorax model. Stapp Car Crash J. 2009;53:155-191. SAE 2009-22-0006.
2012	Johannsen H, Trosseille X, Lesire P, Beillas P. Estimating Q‐dummy injury criteria using the CASPER project results and scaling adult reference values. In: Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 12-14, 2012; Dublin, Ireland.580-596.
2009	Petitjean A, Trosseille X, Petit P, Irwin A, Hassan J, Praxl N. Injury risk curves for the worldSID 50th male dummy. Stapp Car Crash J. 2009;53:443-476. SAE 2009-22-0016.
2012	Stigson H, Kullgren A, Rosén E. Injury risk functions in frontal impacts using data from crash pulse recorders. In: 56th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 14-17, 2012; Seattle, WA.267-276.
2012	Forman JL, Kent RW, Mroz K, Pipkorn B, Bostrom O, Segui-Gomez M. Predicting rib fracture risk with whole-body finite element models: development and preliminary evaluation of a probabilistic analytical framework. In: 56th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 14-17, 2012; Seattle, WA.109-124.
2005	Kemper AR, McNally C, Kennedy EA, Manoogian SJ, Rath AL, Ng TP, Stitzel JD, Smith EP, Duma SM, Matsuoka F. Material properties of human rib cortical bone from dynamic tension coupon testing. Stapp Car Crash J. 2005;49:199-230. SAE 2005-22-0010.

Cited By (3)

Year	Entry
2016	Motozawa Y, Okamoto M, Mori F. Analysis of quantitative prediction of rib‐fractures using finite element human body models during side impacts. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2016; Malaga, Spain.524-535.
2020	Germanetti F, Fiumarella D, Cappellino F, Puppini R, Belingardi G, Scattina A. Effects of non-conventional driving posture on the passive safety of autonomous vehicles: a numerical study using the THUMS human model. In: Proceedings of the 2020 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. 2020; Munich, Germany.427-428.
2018	Gierczycka D. Investigation of Thorax Response and Potential for Injury in Side Impacts Using Integrated Detailed Human and Vehicle Finite-Element Models [PhD thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018.