Full scale pedestrian impact testing with PMHS: a pilot study

wbldb

Kerrigan, J. R.; Kam, C. Y.; Drinkwater, D. C.; Murphy, D. B.; Arregui, C.; Millington, S.; Teresinski, G.; Bolton, J. R.; Crandall, J. R.; Deng, B.; Wang, J. T.; Kerkeling, C.; Hahn, W.

Full scale pedestrian impact testing with PMHS: a pilot study

Proceedings of the 32nd International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research

Abstract

The complexity of vehicle-pedestrian collisions necessitates extensive validation of pedestrian computational models. While body components can be individually simulated, overall validation of human pedestrian models requires full-scale testing with post mortem human surrogates (PMHS). This paper presents the development of a full-scale pedestrian impact test plan and experimental design, and some results from a pilot experiment. The test plan and experimental design are developed based on the analysis of a combination of literature review, multi-body modeling, and epidemiologic studies. The proposed system has proven effective in testing an anthropometrically correct rescue dummy in multiple instances, and in one test with a PMHS.
Links

URL: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/bio/proceedings/2004_32/32-11.pdf

Cited Works (20)

Year	Entry
1992	Perry J. Gait Analysis: Normal and Pathological Function. Thorofare, NJ: SLACK Incorporated; 1992.
1980	Heger A, Appel H. Reconstruction of pedestrian accidents with dummies and cadavers. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). October 21-24, 1980; Wolfsburg, Germany.836-841.
1994	Crandall JR. The Preservation of Human Surrogates for Biomechanical Studies [PhD thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; 1994.
2003	Henary BY, Crandall J, Bhalla K, Mock CN, Roudsari BS. Child and adult pedestrian impact: the influence of vehicle type on injury severity. In: 47th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 22-24, 2003; Lisbon, Portugal.105-126.
1998	EEVC Working Group 17 Report: Improved Test Methods to Evaluate Pedestrian Protection Afforded by Passenger Cars. European Enhanced Vehicle-Safety Committee (EEVC); 1998.
1980	Cesari D, Ramet M, Cavallero C, Billault P, Gambarelli J, Guerinel G, Farisse J, Seriat-Gautier B, Bourret P. Experimental study of pedestrian kinematics and injuries. In: Proceedings of the 1980 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 1980; Birmingham, England.273-285.
2001	Chidester ACB, Isenberg RA. Final report: the pedestrian crash data study. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 4-7, 2001; Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
1983	Cavallero C, Cesari D, Ramet M, Billault P, Farisse J, Seriat-Gautier B, Bonnoit J. Improvement of pedestrian safety: influence of shape of passenger car-front structures upon pedestrian kinematics and injuries: evaluation based on 50 cadaver tests. In: Proceedings of the SAE International Congress & Exposition. February 28–March 4, 1983; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 830624.
1993	Ishikawa H, Kajzer J, Schroeder G. Computer simulation of impact response of the human body in car-pedestrian accidents. In: Proceedings of the 37th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 7-8, 1993; San Antonio, TX. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:235-248. SAE 933129.
2004	Meissner M, van Rooij L, Bhalla K, Crandall J, Longhitano D, Takahashi Y, Dokko Y, Kikuchi Y. A multi-body computational study of the kinematic and injury response of a pedestrian with variable stance upon impact with a vehicle. In: Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition. March 8-11, 2004; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2004-01-1607.
1980	Billault P, Berthommier M, Gambarelli J, Guerinel G, Farisse J, Seriat-Gautier G, Daou N, Bourret P, Cavallero C, Cesari D, Ramet M. Pedestrian safety improvement research. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). October 21-24, 1980; Wolfsburg, Germany.822-835.
1988	Kallieris D, Schmidt G. New aspects of pedestrian protection loading and injury pattern in simulated pedestrian accidents. In: Proceedings of the 32nd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 17-19, 1988; Atlanta, GA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:185-196. SAE 881725.
1990	Winter DA. Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Inc., John Wiley & Sons; 1990.
1981	Farisse J, Seriat-Gautier B, Dalmas J, Daou N, Bourret P, Cavallero C, Cesari D, Ramet M, Billault P, Berthommier M. Anatomical and biomechanical study of injuries observed during experimental pedestrian-car collisions. In: Proceedings of the 1981 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1981; Salon de Provence, France.342-354.
1979	Bourret P, Farisse J, Seriat-Gautier B, Larousse R, Billault P, Ramet M, Cesari D, Cavallero C. Experimental study of injuries observed on pedestrians. In: Proceedings of the 1979 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 5-7, 1979; Goeteborg, Sweden.263-274.
1975	Pritz HB, Hassler CR, Herridge JT, Weis EB Jr. Experimental study of pedestrian injury minimization through vehicle design. In: Proceedings of the 19th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 17-19, 1975; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:725-751. SAE 751166.
1983	Robbins DH. Anthropometric Specifications for Mid-Sized Male Dummy, Volume 2. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Traffic Research Institute (UMTRI); December 1983. UMTRI Publication UMTRI-83-53-2.
1985	Kelleher BJ, Walsh MJ, Vergara RD, Herridge JT, Eppinger RH. Evaluation of a pedestrian-compatible bumper. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). July 1-4, 1985; Oxford, England.1023-1034. SAE 856117.
2002	Funk JR, Rudd RW, Srinivasan SCM, King RJ, Crandall JR, Petit PY. Methodology for measuring tibial and fibular loads in a cadaver. In: Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition. 2002; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2002-01-0682.
1984	Brun-Cassan F, Vincent JC, Tarriere C, Fayon A, Cesari D, Cavallero C, Mauron G. Comparison of experimental car-pedestrian collisions performed with various modified side-impact dummies and cadavers. In: Proceedings of the 28th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 6-7, 1984; Chicago, IL. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:149-159. SAE 841664.

Cited By (1)

Year Entry

2024 Wolf J. Development and Validation of a Vehicle Front Profile Finite Element Model to Evaluate Pedestrian Impacts [Master's thesis]. Marquette University; May 2024.