Functional adaptation is the ability of organisms to increase their capacity to accomplish a specific function with increased demand and to decrease this capacity with lesser demand. Living bone is continually undergoing processes of formation and resorption, collectively called remodeling, which are partially driven by changes in its mechanical loading environment. Although many theories have been proposed to explain the relationship between stress-strain and bone remodeling, the mechanical response of the individual cell and the regulation mechanism of its biochemical action still remain largely unanswered. Thus, it is essential to develop appropriate mathematical models in order to establish and understand structure-function relationships of individual cells experiencing mechanical stimuli (mechanotransduction). Elastic as well as viscoelastic continuum models of tissues and cells have traditionally been single phase descriptions. This approach, however, is generally inadequate for describing multiphasic tissues and cells in which the components interact with each other during deformation. In this study, to adequately model the mechanical behavior of cells, mass production due to the mechanical stimulus is introduced into the mathematical modeling of cells. The cell mechanotransduction model considered here is based on the mixture theory, which assumes the cell to consist of a porous elastic solid saturated with a biochemically active fluid. The deformational states are expressed by the strain of the solid, the volume fractions of the solid and of the fluid, and the densities of the solid and of the fluid. An apparatus is designed and fabricated to stimulate cells grown on elastic silicone membranes. Significant increase of protein content for the strained cells relative to control group of cells is observed. The apparatus demonstrated the correlation of distinct cellular reactions to cyclic strain. Mechanical response of the individual cell and the regulation mechanism of its biochemical action to stress plays an important role in growth and healing of load-bearing tissues. Understanding the events which occur at the cellular level due to mechanotransduction is necessary if we are to understand how to deal with clinical problems such as implant loosening, union and/or non-union fracture fixation, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.