Application of the joint coordinate system to three-dimensional joint attitude and movement representation: a standardization proposal

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Cole, G. K.¹; Nigg, B. M.¹; Ronsky, J. L.¹; Yeadon, M. R.²

Application of the joint coordinate system to three-dimensional joint attitude and movement representation: a standardization proposal

J Biomech Eng. November 1993;115(4A):344-349

©1993 ASME

Affiliations

¹Human Performance Laboratory, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada

²Department of Sport Science, University of Technology, Loughborough, United Kingdom
Abstract

The selection of an appropriate and/or standardized method for representing 3-D joint attitude and motion is a topic of popular debate in the field of biomechanics. The joint coordinate system (JCS) is one method that has seen considerable use in the literature. The JCS consists of an axis fixed in the proximal segment, an axis fixed in the distal segment, and a “floating” axis. There has not been general agreement in the literature on how to select the body fixed axes of the JCS. The purpose of this paper is to propose a single definition of the body fixed axes of the JCS. The two most commonly used sets of body fixed axes are compared and the differences between them quantified. These differences are shown to be relevant in terms of practical applications of the JCS. Argumentation is provided to support a proposal for a standardized selection of body fixed axes of the JCS consisting of the axis ê₁ embedded in the proximal segment and chosen to represent flexion-extension, the “floating” axis ê₂ chosen to represent ad-abduction, and the axis ê₃ embedded in the distal segment and chosen to represent axial rotation of that segment. The algorithms for the JCS are then documented using generalized terminology.
Links

DOI: 10.1115/1.2895496

PubMed: 8309227

WoS: A1993MK81700002
History

Received: 1992-04-05

Revised: 1993-01-18

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2000	Stacoff A, Reinschmidt C, Nigg BM, van den Bogert AJ, Lundberg A, Denoth J, Stüssi E. Effects of foot orthoses on skeletal motion during running. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). January 2000;15(1):54-64.
2000	Stacoff A, Nigg BM, Reinschmidt C, van den Bogert AJ, Lundberg A, Stüssi E, Denoth J. Movement coupling at the ankle during the stance phase of running. Foot Ankle Int. 2000;21(3):232-239.
1997	Reinschmidt C, van den Bogert AJ, Lundberg A, Nigg BM, Murphy N, Stacoff A, Stano A. Tibiofemoral and tibiocalcaneal motion during walking: external vs. skeletal markers. Gait Post. October 1997;6(2):98-109.
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