The chondrocyte:​ a cell under pressure

Urban, J. P. G.<sup>1</sup>

Affiliations

¹Physiology Laboratory, Oxford University, Oxford 0X1 3PT

Abstract and keywords

Mechanical load is an important regulator of chondrocyte metabolic activity. Changes in amplitude or frequency of the load can have a significant effect on the production of matrix macromolecules and of agents leading to cartilage breakdown. The composition of cartilage reflects the net response of the chondrocytes to the prevailing loading pattern, with cartilage proteoglycan content highest in heavily loaded regions and removal of load leading to cartilage thinning and proteoglycan loss. The mechanism of mechanotransduction is poorly understood; the chondrocytes appear to react to cartilage deformation and to the changes in hydrostatic pressure, extracellular ionic composition and streaming potentials induced by the load.

Keywords: Cartilage; Chondrocytes; Load; Mechanotransduction

Links

DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/33.10.901

PubMed: 7921748

WoS: A1994PM81100003

History

Accepted: 1994-05-13

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2006	Knight MM, Toyoda T, Lee DA, Bader DL. Mechanical compression and hydrostatic pressure induce reversible changes in actin cytoskeletal organisation in chondrocytes in agarose. J Biomech. 2006;39(8):1547-1551.
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2001	Smith CL. Some Aspects of the Biomechanics of Articular Cartilage Repair [PhD thesis]. Cleveland, OH: Case Western Reserve University; May 2001.
2015	Stender ME. Osteochondral Tissue Modeling of Damage, Poroelasticity, and Remodeling in Osteoarthritis [PhD thesis]. University of Colorado; 2015.
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2002	Lee CR. Behavior of Passaged Chondrocytes in Collagen-Glycosaminoglycan Scaffolds: Effects of Cross-Linking, Mechanical Loading, and Genetic Modification of the Scaffold [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; February 2002.
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2013	Madden RMJ. In Situ Chondrocyte Mechanics and Mechanobiology [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; August 2013.
2014	Abughazaleh NA. The Influence of Maximal and Submaximal Cyclic Concentric and Eccentric Exercise on Chondrocyte Death and Synovial Fluid Proteins in the Rabbit Knee [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; August 2014.
2014	Jablonski CL. Integrin Α1β1 Participates in Chondrocyte Transduction of Osmotic Stress [Master's thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; May 2014.
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2022	Ojanen S. Multiscale Imaging and Biomechanics of Articular Cartilage in an Animal Model of Osteoarthritis [PhD thesis]. University of Eastern Finland; 2022.
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