The Influence of Maximal and Submaximal Cyclic Concentric and Eccentric Exercise on Chondrocyte Death and Synovial Fluid Proteins in the Rabbit Knee

Excessive joint loading has been associated with the onset and an increased rate of progression of osteoarthritis, but little is known about the effects of exercise loading on synovial fluid (SF) composition and chondrocytes viability. The purpose of this study was to load intact knee joints with two types of controlled maximal muscular contractions (low, and high intensity exercise) and identify changes in synovial fluid protein composition and chondrocyte death. We found that:

Chondrocytes are well protected to withstand very high loads over a short period of time, and maximal endurance loading.
High intensity, short duration exercise did not change total protein concentration in SF. However, it decreased the number of identifiable proteins.
Low intensity, long duration exercise did not change total protein concentration in the SF, but it increased the number of identifiable proteins.

Year	Entry
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Year

Entry

2001

Chen C-T, Burton-Wurster N, Borden C, Hueffer K, Bloom SE, Lust G. Chondrocyte necrosis and apoptosis in impact damaged articular cartilage. J Orthop Res. July 2001;19(4):703-711.

1989

Behrens F, Kraft EL, Oegema TR Jr. Biochemical changes in articular cartilage after joint immobilization by casting or external fixation. J Orthop Res. 1989;7(3):335-343.

1994

Guilak F, Ratcliffe A, Lane N, Rosenwasser MP, Mow VC. Mechanical and biochemical changes in the superficial zone of articular cartilage in canine experimental osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res. July 1994;12(4):474-484.

2008

Helmick CG, Felson DT, Lawrence RC, Gabriel S, Hirsch R, Kwoh CK, Liang MH, Kremers HM, Mayes MD, Merkel PA, Pillemer SR, Reveille JD, Stone JH; National Arthritis Data Workgroup. Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States: part I. Arthritis Rheum. January 2008;58(1):15-25.

1998

Cohen NP, Foster RJ, Mow VC. Composition and dynamics of articular cartilage: structure, function, and maintaining healthy state. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. October 1998;28(4):203-215.