The effects of vibration on the hand and arm in industry are introduced, with emphasis on the common vascular and neurological symptoms. The pathophysiology and differential diagnosis of these disorders is discussed, together with schemes for classifying signs, symptoms and interference with activities, and objective clinical tests. The factors influencing the severity of vibration exposure and the measurement of vibration entering the hands from power tools and machines are next considered. Finally, relations between vibration exposure and the development of some components of the Vibration Syndrome are considered, as well as methods for limiting the consequences of occupational exposure of the hand to vibration.