An analytical approach to the impact biomechanics of head and neck injury

Aldman, Bertil<sup>1</sup>

Year	Entry
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1998	Lundell B, Jakobsson L, Alfredsson B, Jernström C, Isaksson-Hellman I. Guidelines for and the design of a car seat concept for improved protection against neck injuries in rear end car impacts. In: Proceedings of the SAE International Congress & Exposition. February 23-26, 1998; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 980301.
2005	Manoogian SJ, Kennedy EA, Duma SM. An Updated Literature Review of Musculoskeletal Injuries to the Human Neck and the Effects of Head-Supported Mass Worn by Soldiers. Fort Rucker, AL: U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory; October 2005. USAARL Contract Report CR-2006-01.
2010	Schmitt K-U, Niederer PF, Muser MH, Walz F. Trauma Biomechanics: Accidental Injury in Traffic and Sports. 2nd ed. Deidelberg, Germany: Springer; 2010.
1992	Hurt HH Jr, Thom DR. Motorcyclist head injury mechanisms: with and without helmets. In: 36th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 5-7, 1992; Portland, OR.235-250.
2011	Arregui-Dalmases C, Del Pozo E, Lessley D, Barrios JM, Nombela M, Cisneros O, Miguel JLd, Seguí-Gómez M. Driving position field study, differences with the whiplash protocol and biomechanics experimental responses. In: 55th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 3-5, 2011; Paris, France.71-79.
1994	Nilson G, Svensson MY, Lövsund P, Häland Y, Wiklund K. Rear-end collisions: the effect of the seat-belt and the crash pulse on occupant motion. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 23-26, 1994; Munich, Germany.1630-1639.
1998	Bigi D, Heilig A, Steffan H, Eichberger A. A comparison study of active head restraints for neck protection in rear-end collisions. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 31–June 4, 1998; Windsor, Ontario, Canada.1103-1110.
1998	Boström O, Håland Y, Fredriksson R, Svensson MY, Mellander H. A sled test procedure proposal to evaluate the risk of neck injury in low speed rear impacts using a new neck injury criterion (NIC). In: Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 31–June 4, 1998; Windsor, Ontario, Canada.1579-1585.
1998	Lundell B, Jakobsson L, Alfredsson B, Lindström M, Simonsson L. The WHIPS seat: a car seat for improved protection against neck injuries in rear end impacts. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 31–June 4, 1998; Windsor, Ontario, Canada.1586-1596.
2005	Muñoz D, Mansilla A, López-Valdés F, Martín R. A study of current neck injury criteria used for whiplash analysis: proposal of a new criterion involving upper and lower neck load cells. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 6-9, 2005; Washington, DC.
1993	Svensson MY, Aldman B, Hansson HA, Lövsund P, Seeman T, Suneson A, Örtengren T. Pressure effects in the spinal canal during whiplash extension motion: a possible cause of injury to the cervical spinal ganglia. In: Proceedings of the 1993 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1993; Eindhoven, The Netherlands.189-200.
1996	Boström O, Svensson MY, Aldman B, Hansson HA, Håland Y, Lövsund P, Seeman T, Suneson A, Säljö A, Örtengren T. A new neck injury criterion candidate based on injury findings in the cervical spinal ganglia after experimental neck extension trauma. In: Proceedings of the 1996 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 11-13, 1996; Dublin, Ireland.123-136.
1997	Boström O, Krafft M, Aldman B, Eichberger A, Fredriksson R, Håland Y, Lövsund P, Steffan H, Svensson M, Tingvall C. Prediction of neck injuries in rear impacts based on accident data and simulations. In: Proceedings of the 1997 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 24-26, 1997; Hannover, Germany.251-264.
1997	Minton R, Murray P, Pitcher M, Galasko CSB. Causative factors in whiplash injury: implications for current seat and head restraint design. In: Proceedings of the 1997 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 24-26, 1997; Hannover, Germany.207-222.
1998	Eichberger A, Steffan H, Geigl B, Svensson M, Boström O, Leinzinger PE, Darok M. Evaluation of the applicability of the neck injury criterion (NIC) in rear end impacts on the basis of human subject tests. In: Proceedings of the 1998 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 16-18, 1998; Göteberg, Sweden.321-333.
1998	Krafft M. A comparison of short- and long-term consequences of AIS 1 neck injuries, in rear impacts. In: Proceedings of the 1998 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 16-18, 1998; Göteberg, Sweden.235-248.
1998	Wheeler JB, Smith TA, Siegmund GP, Brault JR, King DJ. Validation of the neck injury criterion (NIC) using kinematic and clinical results from human subjects in rear-end collisions. In: Proceedings of the 1998 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 16-18, 1998; Göteberg, Sweden.335-348.
1999	Eichberger A, Körner W, Steffan H. The neck injury criterion (NIC) in dummy tests: a mathematical simulation study. In: Proceedings of the 1999 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 23-24, 1999; Sitges, Spain.535-537.
1999	Jakobsson L, Norin H. Suggestions for evaluation criteria of neck injury protection in rear end car impacts. In: Proceedings of the 1999 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 23-24, 1999; Sitges, Spain.271-282.
2000	Jakobsson L, Norin H, Isaksson-Hellman I. Parameters influencing the risk of AIS1 neck injuries in frontal and side impacts. In: Proceedings of the 2000 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 20-22, 2000; Montpellier, France.235-245.
2000	Muser MH, Walz FH, Zellmer H. Biomechanical significance of the rebound phase in low speed rear end impacts. In: Proceedings of the 2000 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 20-22, 2000; Montpellier, France.411-424.
2004	Bunketorp O, Jakobsson L, Norin H. Comparison of frontal and rear-end impacts for car occupants with whiplash-associated disorders: symptoms and clinical findings. In: Proceedings of the 2004 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 22-24, 2004; Graz, Austria.245-256.
2004	Sendur P, Thibodeau R, Burge J, Tencer A. Parametric analysis of vehicle design influence on the four phases of whiplash motion. In: Proceedings of the 2004 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 22-24, 2004; Graz, Austria.257-268.
2007	Funk JR, Cormier JM, Bain CE, Guzman H, Bonugli E. An evaluation of various neck injury criteria in vigorous activities. In: Proceedings of the 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 19-21, 2007; Maastricht, The Netherlands.233-248.
2007	Stemper BD, Yoganandan N, Gennarelli TA, Pintar FA. Toward a lower neck rear impact injury criterion: correlation of lower neck loads with spinal kinematics. In: Proceedings of the 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 19-21, 2007; Maastricht, The Netherlands.249-260.
2016	Broos J, Meijer R. Simulation method for whiplash injury prediction using an active human model. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2016; Malaga, Spain.390-408.
2017	Lechner R, Hailer I, Horion S, Steffan H. Validation of the causality of influencing seat design parameters, identified by using multivariate analysis methods, on the BioRID‐II ATD kinematics in low‐speed rear‐end impacts. In: Proceedings of the 2017 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-15, 2017; Antwerp, Belgium.613-622.
2021	Jakobsson L, Östh J, Bohman K. Rear-end impact assessment expanded with pre-impact posture variations. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 8-10, 2021; Online.753-770.
2023	Soltan N, Svensson MY, Jones CF, Cripton PA, Siegmund GP. Cerebrospinal fluid pressure in an in vivo porcine model during simulated whiplash loading of different severities. In: Proceedings of the 2023 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-165, 2023; Cambridge, United Kingdom.591-593.
1999	Zuby DS, Vann DT, Lund AK, Morris CR. Crash test evaluation of whiplash injury risk. In: Proceedings of the 43rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 25-27, 1999; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:267-278. SAE 99SC17.
2000	Deng B, Begeman PC, Yang KH, Tashman S, King AI. Kinematics of human cadaver cervical spine during low speed rear-end impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2000;44:171-188. SAE 2000-01-SC13.
2004	Sundararajan S, Prasad P, Demetropoulos CK, Tashman S, Begeman PC, Yang KH, King AI. Effect of head-neck position on cervical facet stretch of post mortem human subjects during low speed rear end impacts. Stapp Car Crash J. 2004;48:331-372. SAE 2004-22-0015.
2008	Hubbard RD, Quinn KP, Martinez JJ, Winkelstein BA. The role of graded nerve root compression on axonal damage, neuropeptide changes, and pain-related behaviors. Stapp Car Crash J. 2008;52:33-58. SAE 2008-22-0002.
2000	Svensson MY, Boström O, Davidsson J, Hansson H-A, Håland Y, Lövsund P, Suneson A, Säljö A. Neck injuries in car collisions: a review covering a possible injury mechanism and the development of a new rear-impact dummy. Accid Anal Prev. March 2000;32(2):167-175.
2000	Eichberger A, Darok M, Steffan H, Leinzinger PE, Boström O, Svensson MY. Pressure measurements in the spinal canal of post-mortem human subjects during rear-end impact and correlation of results to the neck injury criterion. Accid Anal Prev. March 2000;32(2):251-260.
2000	Jakobsson L, Lundell B, Norin H, Isaksson-Hellman I. WHIPS: Volvo’s whiplash protection study. Accid Anal Prev. March 2000;32(2):307-319.
2000	Boström O, Fredriksson R, Håland Y, Jakobsson L, Krafft M, Lövsund P, Muser MH, Svensson MY. Comparison of car seats in low speed rear-end impacts using the BioRID dummy and the new neck injury criterion (NIC). Accid Anal Prev. March 2000;32(2):321-328.
2001	Welcher JB, Szabo TJ. Relationships between seat properties and human subject kinematics in rear impact tests. Accid Anal Prev. May 2001;33(3):289-304.
1997	Viano D, Aldman B, Pape K, van Hoof J, von Holst H. Brain kinematics in physical model tests with translational and rotational acceleration. Int J Crashworthiness. 1997;2(2):191-206.
2000	Ivarsson J, Viano DC, Lövsund P, Aldman B. Strain relief from the cerebral ventricles during head impact: experimental studies on natural protection of the brain. J Biomech. February 2000;33(2):181-189.
1996	Örtengren T, Hansson H-A, Lövsund P, Svensson MY, Suneson A, Säljö A. Membrane leakage in spinal ganglion nerve cells induced by experimental whiplash extension motion: a study in pigs. J Neurotrauma. March 1996;13(3):171-180.
2011	Siegmund GP. What occupant kinematics and neuromuscular responses tell us about whiplash injury. Spine. December 2011;36(suppl 25S):S175-S179.
2011	Curatolo M, Bogduk N, Ivancic PC, McLean SA, Siegmund GP, Winkelstein BA. The role of tissue damage in whiplash-associated disorders: discussion paper 1. Spine. December 2011;36(suppl 25S):S309-S315.
2002	Schmitt K-U, Muser MH, Walz FH, Niederer PF. Fluid-structure interaction in the biomechanics of soft tissue neck injuries: a finite element study to analyze blood vessel pressure effects in the venous plexus. Traffic Inj Prev. 2002;3(1):65-73.
2002	Eriksson L. Three-dimensional mathematical models of the BioRID I and car seats, for low-speed rear-end impacts. Traffic Inj Prev. 2002;3(1):75-87.
2002	Krafft M. When do AIS 1 neck injuries result in long-term consequences? vehicle and human factors. Traffic Inj Prev. 2002;3(2):89-97.
2002	Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Gennarelli TA. Biomechanical mechanisms of whiplash injury. Traffic Inj Prev. 2002;3(2):98-104.
2002	Eriksson L, Boström O. Assessing the relevance of NIC and its correlation with crash-pulse parameters: using the mathematical BioRID I in rear-end impacts. Traffic Inj Prev. 2002;3(2):175-182.
2002	Jakobsson L, Norin H. Suggestions for evaluation criteria of neck injury protection in rear-end car impacts. Traffic Inj Prev. 2002;3(3):216-223.
2004	Jakobsson L, Norin H, Svensson MY. Parameters influencing AIS 1 neck injury outcome in frontal impacts. Traffic Inj Prev. 2004;5(2):156-163.
2009	Siegmund GP, Winkelstein BA, Ivancic PC, Svensson MY, Vasavada A. The anatomy and biomechanics of acute and chronic whiplash injury. Traffic Inj Prev. 2009;10(2):101-112.
1994	Nilson G. Effects of Seat and Seat-Belt Design on Car Occupant Response in Frontal and Rear Impacts: A Study Combining Mechanical and Mathematical Modelling [PhD thesis]. Götenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 1994.
2002	Ivarsson J. Physical Modeling of Brain and Head Kinematics [PhD thesis]. Göteburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 2002.
2012	Carlsson A. Addressing Female Whiplash Injury Protection: A Step Towards 50th Percentile Female Rear Impact Occupant Models [PhD thesis]. Gothenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 2012.
2004	van Lopik D. A Computational Model of the Human Head and Cervical Spine for Dynamic Impact Simulation [PhD thesis]. Loughborough, UK: Loughborough University; 2004.
2004	Stemper BD. Whiplash Affects Cervical Spine Biomechanics [PhD thesis]. Marquette University; May 2004.
2009	DeRosia JJ. Role of Gender and Size in Biomechanics of Rear Impact Marquette University; May 2009.
2004	Mordaka JK. Finite Element Analysis of Whiplash Injury for Women [PhD thesis]. Nottingham, UK: Nottingham Trent University; September 2004.
2002	van der Horst MJ. Human Head Neck Response in Frontal, Lateral and Rear End Impact Loading: Modelling and Validation [PhD thesis]. Eindhoven, The Netherlans: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven; 2002.
2023	Soltan Mohammadzadeh N. Cervical Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure in an in-Vivo Porcine Model of Simulated Whiplash Loading [Master's thesis]. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia; July 2023.
2001	Hasselquist L. The Neurophysiologic Mechanisms of the Cervical Spine During Whiplash [PhD thesis]. University of Iowa; December 2001.
2010	Fice JB. Numerical Modeling of Whiplash Injury [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2010.
2020	Shen D. Investigation of Whiplash Associated Disorders Using Finite Element Neck Models With Active Musculature in Frontal, Rear and Lateral Impact [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2020.
1999	Deng B. Kinematics of Human Cadaver Cervical Spine During Low-Speed Rear-End Impacts [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 1999.
2005	Sundararajan S. Effect of Head-Neck Position on Cervical Facet Stretch of Post Mortem Human Subjects During Low Speed Rear End Impacts [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 2005.