The role of graded nerve root compression on axonal damage, neuropeptide changes, and pain-related behaviors

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Hubbard, Raymond D.¹; Quinn, Kyle P.¹; Martinez, Joan J.¹; Winkelstein, Beth A.¹

The role of graded nerve root compression on axonal damage, neuropeptide changes, and pain-related behaviors

Stapp Car Crash J. 2008;52:33-58

Affiliations

¹Spine Pain Research Lab, Departments of Bioengineering & Neurosurgery University of Pennsylvania
Abstract and keywords

Rapid neck motions can load cervical nerve roots and produce persistent pain. This study investigated the cellular basis of radicular pain and mechanical implications of tissue loading rate. A range of peak loads was applied in an in vivo rat model of dorsal root compression, and mechanical allodynia (i.e., pain) was measured. Axonal damage and nociceptive mediators were assessed in the axons and cell bodies of compressed dorsal roots in separate groups of rats at days 1 and 7 after injury. In the day 7 group, damage in the compressed axons, evaluated by decreased heavy chain neurofilament immunoreactivity, was increased for compressions above a load of 34.08 mN, which is similar to the load-threshold for producing persistent pain in that model. Also, the neuropeptide substance P and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor significantly decreased (p
Keywords: nerve root; compression; biomechanics; injury; pain; neurotrophin; neuropeptide; axon
Links

PubMed: 19085157

SAE: 2008-22-0002

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Cited By (9)

Year	Entry
2015	Crosby ND, Smith JR, Winkelstein BA. Pain biomechanics. In: Yoganandan N, Nahum AM, Melvin JW, eds. Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention. 3rd ed. New York: Springer; 2015:549-580.
2011	Nicholson KJ, Quindlen JC, Winkelstein BA. Development of a duration threshold for modulating evoked neuronal responses after nerve root compression injury. Stapp Car Crash J. 2011;55:1-24.
2013	Zhang S, Nicholson KJ, Smith JR, Gilliland TM, Syré PP, Winkelstein BA. The roles of mechanical compression and chemical irritation in regulating spinal neuronal signaling in painful cervical nerve root injury. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2013;57:219-242.
2008	Lee KE. An Engineering Approach to Understanding Painful Facet -Mediated Injury: Insights on Biomechanics and Neuropeptide Responses in a Rat Model [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2008.
2009	Rothman SM. Cell-Specific Inflammatory Spinal Responses in Cervical Nerve Root Compression: Cellular Reactivity and Cytokines in Pain [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2009.
2013	Nicholson K. Defining the Role of Mechanical Signals During Nerve Root Compression in the Development of Sustained Pain and Neurophysiological Correlates That Develop in the Injured Tissue and Spinal Cord [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2013.
2015	Smith JR. Defining the Role of Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Breakdown and Spinal Thrombin Signaling in the Development of Pain Following Neural Trauma [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2015.
2017	Zhang S. Defining Multi-Scale Relationships Between Biomechanics and Neuronal Dysfunction in Ligament Pain Using Integrated Experimental and Computational Approaches [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2017.
2020	Shen D. Investigation of Whiplash Associated Disorders Using Finite Element Neck Models With Active Musculature in Frontal, Rear and Lateral Impact [Master's thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2020.