Coupling the activities of bone formation and resorption: a multitude of signals within the basic multicellular unit

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Sims, Natalie A.¹; Martin, T. John¹

Coupling the activities of bone formation and resorption: a multitude of signals within the basic multicellular unit

BoneKEy Rep. January 2014;3:481

©2014 International Bone & Mineral Society All rights reserved

Affiliations

¹Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Abstract

Coupling between bone formation and bone resorption refers to the process within basic multicellular units in which resorption by osteoclasts is met by the generation of osteoblasts from precursors, and their bone-forming activity, which needs to be sufficient to replace the bone lost. There are many sources of activities that contribute to coupling at remodeling sites, including growth factors released from the matrix, soluble and membrane products of osteoclasts and their precursors, signals from osteocytes and from immune cells and signaling taking place within the osteoblast lineage. Coupling is therefore a process that involves the interaction of a wide range of cell types and control mechanisms. As bone remodeling occurs at many sites asynchronously throughout the skeleton, locally generated activities comprise very important control mechanisms. In this review, we explore the potential roles of a number of these factors, including sphingosine-1-phosphate, semaphorins, ephrins, interleukin-6 (IL-6) family cytokines and marrow-derived factors. Their interactions achieve the essential tight control of coupling within individual remodeling units that is required for control of skeletal mass.
Links

DOI: 10.1038/bonekey.2013.215

PubMed: 24466412

PubMedCentral: PMC3899560
History

Received: 2013-08-09

Accepted: 2013-09-27

Online: 2014-09-08

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