Determining If Lowering the Level of Dietary Calcium and Vitamin D in AIN-93G Diet Supports Normal Bone Development and Intestinal Integrity in Female CD-1 Mice

Current levels of vitamin D (vit D) and calcium (Ca) in the reference AIN-93G rodent diet may be higher than required for healthy bone structure and bone mineral density (BMD). Other studies suggest that intestinal integrity may be altered by lowering levels of vit D or Ca. The study objective was to determine if lower diet levels of Ca and vit D support development of healthy bone structure and BMD in female CD-1 mice at 2 and 4 months of age without altering intestinal integrity. Lowering the levels of vit D (100 IU/kg) and Ca (3.5 g/kg) did not alter bone structure or BMD. Effects on intestinal integrity are less clear and requires further study using more comprehensive measures. Findings from this study suggest that dietary Ca and/or vit D at current levels in the AIN93G reference diet may mask potential benefits of nutritional interventions aimed at promoting bone health.

Year	Entry
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Year

Entry

2008

Clarke B. Normal bone anatomy and physiology. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. November 2008;3(suppl 3):S131-S139.

2010

Bouxsein ML, Boyd SK, Christiansen BA, Guldberg RE, Jepsen KJ, Müller R. Guidelines for assessment of bone microstructure in rodents using micro-computed tomography. J Bone Miner Res. July 2010;25(7):1468-1486.

2002

Brown JP, Josse RG; Scientific Advisory Council of the Osteoporosis Society of Canada. 2002 clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in Canada. Can Med Assoc J. November 12, 2002;167(suppl 10):S1-S34.

1999

Kong Y-Y, Yoshida H, Sarosi I, Tan H-L, Timms E, Capparelli C, Morony S, Oliveira-dos-Santos AJ, Van G, Itie A, Khoo W, Wakeham A, Dunstan CR, Lacey DL, Mak TW, Boyle WJ, Penninger JM. OPGL is a key regulator of osteoclastogenesis, lymphocyte development and lymph-node organogenesis. Nature. January 28, 1999;397(6717):315-323.

2012

Tarride J-E, Hopkins RB, Leslie WD, Morin S, Adachi JD, Papaioannou A, Bessette L, Brown JP, Goeree R. The burden of illness of osteoporosis in Canada. Osteoporos Int. November 2012;23(11):2591-2600.