In this study the potential injury-reducing benefits in frontal impacts of a well designed seat have been evaluated through mathematical simulations. In these simulations various seat properties have been studied.

In order to help set up the mathematical model and to verify the results from the simulations, a test-rig has been developed and constructed. The rig enables measurements of the forces at the points where the seat is anchored to the vehicle.

The results show that considerably improved protection can be achieved through proper seat design. They also show that the time at which the lower torso come into contact with the load-carrying structures in the seat is essential for the risk of injury. In particular the risk of submarining and the risk of the head striking the vehicle interior are affected by variations in the design of the seat.