A study of kinematics of adult pedestrian and head impact conditions in case of passenger car collisions based on real world accident data

Peng, Yong; Deck, Caroline; Yang, Jikuang; Otte, Dietmar; Willinger, Remy

Affiliations

¹Research Center of Vehicle and Traffic Safety, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, 410082, China

²Institute of Fluid and Solid Mechanics, University of Strasbourg, 67000, France

³Department of Applied Mechanics, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden

⁴Accident Research Unit, Medical University of Hannover, 30625, Germany

Abstract and keywords

The aim of this study is to study the kinematics of adult pedestrians and assess head injury risks based on real‐world accidents. A total of 43 passenger car versus pedestrian accidents were selected from accident databases for simulation study. According to real‐world accident investigation, accident reconstructions were conducted using multi‐body system (MBS) pedestrian and car models under MADYMO environment to calculate head impact conditions in terms of head impact velocity, head position and head orientation. Pedestrian head impact conditions from MADYMO simulation results were then used to set the initial conditions in a simulation of a head striking a windscreen using finite element (FE) approach. The results showed strong correlations between vehicle impact velocity and head contact time, throw distance and head impact velocity using a quadratic regression model. In the selected samples, the results indicated that AIS 2+ and AIS 3+ severe head injuries with probability of 50% are caused by head impact velocity at about 33 km/h and 49 km/h respectively. Further, the predicted head linear acceleration, HIC value, resultant angular velocity and resultant angular acceleration for 50% probability of AIS 2+ and AIS 3+ head injury risk are 116 g, 825, 40 rad/s, 11368 rad/s2 and 162 g, 1442, 55 rad/s, 18775 rad/s2 respectively, and the predicted value of 50% probability of skull fracture is 135 g.

Keywords: Pedestrian, Accident reconstruction, Dynamic response, Head injury

Links

URL: http://www.ircobi.org/downloads/irc12/pdf_files/82.pdf

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Cited By (4)

Year	Entry
2015	Sahoo D, Deck C, Willinger R. Axonal strain as brain injury predictor based on real‐world head trauma simulations. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 9-11, 2015; Lyon, France.186-197.
2020	Baker CE, Martin P, Wilson M, Sharp DJ, Ghajari M. Biomechanics of brain injury from the reconstruction of three pedestrian-car collisions. In: Proceedings of the 2020 International IRCOBI Asia Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. 2020; Beijing, China.137-140.
2023	Baker C. AutoTriage: A Feasibility Assessment of Using in-Vehicle Sensors to Predict Traumatic Brain Injury in Road Traffic Collisions [PhD thesis]. Imperial College London; March 23, 2023.
2023	Lyu D. Investigation of Biomechanical Thresholds of Mild to Severe Brain Injury Using an Anisotropic Visco-Hyperelastic Finite Element Head Model: Model Development and Simulation of Impact Injury and Blast Injury [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; August 2023.