The development of a detailed finite element brain model

Ward, Carley Conrad<sup>1</sup>; Thompson, Robert B.<sup>1</sup>

Year	Entry
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1997	Ruan JS, Khalil TB, King AI. Impact head injury analysis using an explicit finite element human head model. J Traffic Med. 1997;25(1-2):33-40.
2001	Zhang L, Yang KH, King AI. Biomechanics of neurotrauma. Neurol Res. March–April 2001;23(2-3):144-156.
2003	Dokko Y, Anderson R, Manavis J, Blumburgs P, McLean J, Zhang L, Yang KH, King AI. Validation of the human head FE model against pedestrian accident and its tentative application to the examination of the existing tolerance curve. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 19-22, 2003; Nagoya, Japan.
2013	Whyte T, Gibson T, Milthorpe B, Stanford G. Head injury and effective motorcycle helmets. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 27-30, 2013; Seoul, South Korea.
1977	Ward CC. Analytical brain models for head impact. In: Proceedings of the 1977 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 7-9, 1977; Berlin, Germany.389-398.
1979	Ward C, Nahum A. Correlation between brain injury and intracranial pressures in experimental head impacts. In: Proceedings of the 1979 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 5-7, 1979; Goeteborg, Sweden.133-142.
1992	Willinger R, Kopp CM, Césari D. New concept of contrecoup lesion mechanism: modal analysis of a finite element model of the head. In: Proceedings of the 1992 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 1992; Verona, Italy.283-297.
1993	Thibault LE. Brain injury from the macro to the micro level and back again: what have we learned to date? In: Proceedings of the 1993 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1993; Eindhoven, The Netherlands.3-25.
1996	Ruan JS, Prasad P. Study of the biodynamic characteristics of the human head. In: Proceedings of the 1996 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 11-13, 1996; Dublin, Ireland.63-74.
1977	Nahum AM, Smith R, Ward CC. Intracranial pressure dynamics during head impact. In: Proceedings of the 21st Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 19-21, 1977; New Orleans, LA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:339-366. SAE 770922.
1998	Miller RT, Margulies SS, Leoni M, Nonaka M, Chen X, Smith DH, Meaney DF. Finite element modeling approaches for predicting injury in an experimental model of severe diffuse axonal injury. In: Proceedings of the 42nd Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 2-4, 1998; Tempa, AZ. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:155-166. SAE 983154.
1999	Al-Bsharat AS, Hardy WN, Yang KH, Khalil TB, Tashman S, King AI. Brain/skull relative displacement magnitude due to blunt head impact: new experimental data and model. In: Proceedings of the 43rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 25-27, 1999; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:321-332. SAE 99SC22.
2009	Fijalkowski RJ, Yoganandan N, Zhang J, Pintar FA. A finite element model of region-specific response for mild diffuse brain injury. Stapp Car Crash J. 2009;53:193-213. SAE 2009-22-0007.
2017	Butz K, Spurlock C, Roy R, Bell C, Barrett P, Ward A, Xiao X, Shirley A, Welch C, Liste K. Development of the CAVEMAN human body model: validation of lower extremity sub-injurious response to vertical accelerative loading. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2017;61:175-209. SAE 2017-22-0006.
2003	Horgan TJ, Gilchrist MD. The creation of three-dimensional finite element models for simulating head impact biomechanics. Int J Crashworthiness. 2003;8(4):353-366.
2004	Horgan TJ, Gilchrist MD. Influence of FE model variability in predicting brain motion and intracranial pressure changes in head impact simulations. Int J Crashworthiness. 2004;9(4):401-418.
2008	Deck C, Willinger R. Improved head injury criteria based on head FE model. Int J Crashworthiness. December 2008;13(6):667-678.
1994	Chu C-S, Lin M-S, Huang H-M, Lee M-C. Finite element analysis of cerebral contusion. J Biomech. February 1994;27(2):187-194.
2007	Zou H, Schmiedeler JP, Hardy WN. Separating brain motion into rigid body displacement and deformation under low-severity impacts. J Biomech. 2007;40(6):1183-1191.
1991	Ruan JS, Khalil T, King AI. Human head dynamic response to side impact by finite element modeling. J Biomech Eng. August 1991;113(3):276-283.
2013	Mao H, Zhang L, Jiang B, Genthikatti VV, Jin X, Zhu F, Makwana R, Gill A, Jandir G, Singh A, Yang KH. Development of a finite element human head model partially validated with thirty five experimental cases. J Biomech Eng. November 2013;135(11):111002.
1995	King AI, Ruan JS, Zhou C, Hardy WN, Khalil TB. Recent advances in biomechanics of brain injury research: a review. J Neurotrauma. August 1995;12(4):651-658.
1995	Bandak FA, Vander Vorst MJ, Stuhmiller LM, Mlakar PF, Chilton WE, Stuhmiller JH. An imaging-based computational and experimental study of skull fracture: finite element model development. J Neurotrauma. August 1995;12(4):679-688.
1995	Willinger R, Taleb L, Kopp C-M. Modal and temporal analysis of head mathematical models. J Neurotrauma. August 1995;12(4):743-754.
2001	Zhang L, Yang KH, King AI. Comparison of brain responses between frontal and lateral impacts by finite element modeling. J Neurotrauma. 2001;18(1):21-30.
1999	Huang H-M, Lee M-C, Chiu W-T, Chen C-T, Lee S-Y. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of subdural hematoma. J Trauma. September 1999;47(3):538-544.
2002	Ivarsson J. Physical Modeling of Brain and Head Kinematics [PhD thesis]. Göteburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 2002.
2014	Östh J. Muscle Responses of Car Occupants: Numerical Modeling and Volunteer Experiments Under Pre-Crash Braking Conditions [PhD thesis]. Götenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 2014.
1985	Yoganandan N. Mechanical Factors and the Threshold of Trauma of the Intervertebral Joint: A Finite Element Analysis With Experimental Validation [PhD thesis]. Marquette University; December 1985.
2008	Fijalkowski RJ. Rotational Acceleration Pulse Characteristics Affect Mild Diffuse Brain Injury Severity [PhD thesis]. Marquette University; May 2008.
1990	Rojanavanich V. Developments of a Coupled Impact Model and a Design Criterion for Evaluation of Bicycle Helmet Effectiveness [PhD thesis]. The Ohio State University; 1990.
1992	Mendis K. Finite Element Modeling of the Brain to Establish Diffuse Axonal Injury Criteria [PhD thesis]. The Ohio State University; November 1992.
2006	Klinich KD. Estimating Infant Head Injury Tolerance and Impact Response [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 2006.
2014	Patton DA. The Biomechanical Determinants of Sports-Related Concussion: Finite Element Simulations of Unhelmeted Head Impacts to Evaluate Kinematic and Tissue-Level Predictors of Injury and Investigate the Design Implications for Soft-Shell Headgear [PhD thesis]. University of New South Wales; March 2014.
2012	Karton C. The Effect of Inbound Mass on the Dynamic Response of the Hybrid III Headform and Brain Tissue Deformation [Master's thesis]. Ottawa, ON: University of Ottawa; November 2012.
2013	Post A. The Influence of Dynamic Response Characteristics on Traumatic Brain Injury [PhD thesis]. Ottawa, ON: University of Ottawa; 2013.
2016	Kendall M. Comparison and Characterization of Different Concussive Brain Injury Events [PhD thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2016.
2014	Chen Y. Astrocyte Signaling in Traumatic Brain Injury [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2014.
1994	Ruan JS. Impact Biomechanics of Head Injury by Mathematical Modeling [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 1994.
1995	Zhou C. Finite Element Modeling of Impact Response of an Inhomogeneous Brain [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 1995.
2001	Zhang L. Computational Biomechanics of Traumatic Brain Injury: An Investigation of Head Impact Response and American Football Head Injury [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; May 2001.
2005	Shah S. Skull Fracture Prediction Using Finite Element Model With Skull Thickness Variation [Master's thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 2005.
2023	Lyu D. Investigation of Biomechanical Thresholds of Mild to Severe Brain Injury Using an Anisotropic Visco-Hyperelastic Finite Element Head Model: Model Development and Simulation of Impact Injury and Blast Injury [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; August 2023.
2021	Liu X. Developing Multi-Species Brain-Strain-Based Scaling Law Using Finite Element Analysis [Master's thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2021.
2000	Aida T. Study of Human Head Impact: Brain Tissue Constitutive Models [PhD thesis]. Morgantown, WV: West Virginia University; May 2000.