Evaluation of the BioRID P3 and the Hybrid III in pendulum impacts to the back: a comparison to human subject test data

wbldb

Linder, Astrid¹; Bergman, Ulf¹; Svensson, Mats¹; Viano, David^1,2,3

Evaluation of the BioRID P3 and the Hybrid III in pendulum impacts to the back: a comparison to human subject test data

44th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM)

Affiliations

¹Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden

²Wayne State University, Detroit

³Saab Automobile, AB
Abstract

The BioRID P3 (Biofidelic Rear Impact Dummy) and the Hybrid III were evaluated in pendulum impacts to the back and compared to data from previous cadaver tests. The test setup impacting seated cadavers was reproduced with a pendulum impacting seated dummies at the level of T6 (6th thoracic vertebra). The pendulum mass was 23 kg and the impact velocity 4.6 m/s. The results showed that the BioRID P3 was more biofidelic than the Hybrid III in terms of the peak responses and the temporal window of the head and head relative to T1 horizontal, vertical, and angular displacement. This study is an evaluation of both the BioRID P3 and the Hybrid III against a recently available set of human subject data. The study meets the need for validation of the BioRID P3 at a higher impact severity than has been previously accomplished.

Cited Works (17)

Year	Entry
1975	Padgaonkar AJ, Krieger KW, King AI. Measurement of angular acceleration of a rigid body using linear accelerometers. J Appl Mech. September 1975;42(3):552-556.
1989	Viano DC. Biomechanical responses and injuries in blunt lateral impact. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 4-6, 1989; Washington, DC. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:113-142. SAE 892432.
1993	van Kampen LTB. Availability and (proper) adjustment of head restraints in the Netherlands. In: Proceedings of the 1993 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1993; Eindhoven, The Netherlands.367-377.
1998	Eichberger A, Steffan H, Geigl B, Svensson M, Boström O, Leinzinger PE, Darok M. Evaluation of the applicability of the neck injury criterion (NIC) in rear end impacts on the basis of human subject tests. In: Proceedings of the 1998 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 16-18, 1998; Göteberg, Sweden.321-333.
1999	Linder A, Lövsund P, Steffan H. Validation of the BioRID P3 against volunteer and PMHS test data and comparison to the Hybrid III in low-velocity rear-end impacts. In: 43rd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 20-21, 1999; Barcelon, Spain.367-381.
1998	Linder A, Svensson MY, Davidsson J, Flogård A, Håland Y, Jakobsson L, Lövsund P, Wiklund K. The new neck design for the rear-end impact dummy, BioRID I. In: 42nd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 5-7, 1998; Charlottesville, VA.179-192.
1997	Ono K, Kaneoka K. Motion analysis of human cervical vertebrae during low speed rear impacts by the simulated sled. In: Proceedings of the 1997 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 24-26, 1997; Hannover, Germany.223-237.
1999	Davidsson J, Lovsund P, Ono K, Svensson MY, Inami S. A comparison between volunteer, BioRID P3 and Hybrid III performance in rear impacts. In: Proceedings of the 1999 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 23-24, 1999; Sitges, Spain.165-178.
1987	Wismans J, Philippens M, van Oorschot E, Kallieris D, Mattern R. Comparison of human volunteer and cadaver head-neck response in frontal flexion. In: Proceedings of the 31st Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 9-11, 1987; New Orleans, LA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:1-13. SAE 872194.
1996	Morris AP, Thomas P. A study of soft tissue neck injuries in the UK. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 13-16, 1996; Melbourne, Australia.1412-1425.
1998	Krafft M. Non-Fatal Injuries to Car Occupants: Injury Assessment and Analysis of Impacts Causing Short- and Long-Term Consequences With Special Reference to Neck Injuries [PhD thesis]. Stockholm, Sweden: Karolinska Institute; 1998.
1994	von Koch M, Nygren A, Tingvall C. Impairment pattern in passenger car crashes: a follow-up of injuries resulting in long-term consequences. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 23-26, 1994; Munich, Germany.776-781.
1993	Ono K, Kanno M. Influences of the physical parameters on the risk to neck injuries in low impact speed rear-end collisions. In: Proceedings of the 1993 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1993; Eindhoven, The Netherlands.201-212.
1999	Davidsson J, Flogård A, Lörvsund P, Svensson MY. BioRID P3: design and performance compared to Hybrid Iii and volunteers in rear impacts of ΔV=7 km/h. In: Proceedings of the 43rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 25-27, 1999; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:253-265. SAE 99SC16.
1998	Davidsson J, Svensson MY, Flogård A, Håland Y, Jakobsson L, Linder A, Lövsund P, Wiklund K. BioRID I: a new biofidelic rear impact dummy. In: Proceedings of the 1998 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 16-18, 1998; Göteberg, Sweden.377-390.
1998	Hell W, Langwieder K, Walz F. Reported soft tissue neck injuries after rear-end car collisions. In: Proceedings of the 1998 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 16-18, 1998; Göteberg, Sweden.261-274.
2000	Eichberger A, Darok M, Steffan H, Leinzinger PE, Boström O, Svensson MY. Pressure measurements in the spinal canal of post-mortem human subjects during rear-end impact and correlation of results to the neck injury criterion. Accid Anal Prev. March 2000;32(2):251-260.

Cited By (4)

Year	Entry
2004	Stemper BD, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA. Response corridors of the human head-neck complex in rear impact. In: 48th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 13-15, 2004; Key Biscayne, FL.149-163.
2009	Stemper BD, Storvik SG, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA. Verification of lower neck shear force as a rear impact injury criterion. In: Proceedings of the 2009 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 2009; York, UK.369-380.
2001	Viano DC, Hardy WN, King AI. Response of the head, neck and torso to pendulum impacts on the back. J Crash Prev Injury Control. 2001;2(4):289-306.
2002	Viano DC, Davidsson J. Neck displacements of volunteers, BioRID P3 and Hybrid III in rear impacts: implications to whiplash assessment by a neck displacement criterion (NDC). Traffic Inj Prev. 2002;3(2):105-116.