Comparison between frontal impact tests with cadavers and dummies in a simulated true car restrained environment

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Kallieris, Dimitrios¹; Mellander, Hugo¹; Schmidt, Georg¹; Barz, Jürgen¹; Mattern, Rainer¹

Comparison between frontal impact tests with cadavers and dummies in a simulated true car restrained environment

Proceedings of the 26th Stapp Car Crash Conference

Affiliations

¹University of Heidelberg
Abstract

A test series of 12 fresh cadavers and 5 Part 572 dummies is reported. The test configuration is frontal impact sled simulation at 30 mph and aims to simulate the restraint environment of a Volvo 240 car. The test occupants are restrained in a 3-point safety belt. The instrumentation of the surrogates involves mainly 12-accelerometers in chest, 9-accelerometers in head and 3-accelerometers in pelvis. Measured values are given and discussed together with the medical findings from the cadaver tests. The occurence of submarining with cadavers and dummies is reported. A comparison is also made with earlier work where both field accidents and sled simulatations of similar violence have been reported. It is concluded that there exist differences in kinematics between the dummy and the cadaver, although peak chest acceleration is similar in both conditions. The lap belt slides over the iliac crest more frequently in the cadaver tests than in the dummy tests. However, no abdominal injuries were found. The pattern of the observed injuries on the cadavers are similar to what has been earlier reported, although the severity is higher than in comparable field accidents.
Links

DOI: 10.4271/821170

SAE: 821170

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Cited By (23)

Year	Entry
1984	Dejeammes M, Tarrière C, Thomas C, Kallieris D. Exploration of biomechanical data towards a better evaluation of tolerance for children involved in automotive accidents. In: Proceedings of the SAE International Congress & Exposition. 1984; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 840530.
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2009	Forman J, Lopez-Valdes FJ, Lessley D, Kindig M, Kent R, Bostrom O. The effect of obesity on the restraint of automobile occupants. In: 53rd Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 5-7, 2009; Baltimore, MD.25-40.
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2006	Forman J, Lessley D, Kent R, Bostrom O, Pipkorn B. Whole-body kinematic and dynamic response of restrained PMHS in frontal sled tests. Stapp Car Crash J. 2006;50:299-336. SAE 2006-22-0013.
2006	Murakami D, Kobayashi S, Torigaki T, Kent R. Finite element analysis of hard and soft tissue contributions to thoracic response: sensitivity analysis of fluctuations in boundary conditions. Stapp Car Crash J. 2006;50:169-189. SAE 2006-22-0008.
2008	Michaelson J, Forman J, Kent R, Kuppa S. Rear seat occupant safety: kinematics and injury of PMHS restrained by a standard 3-point belt in frontal crashes. Stapp Car Crash J. 2008;52:295-325. SAE 2008-22-0012.
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2012	Luet C, Trosseille X, Drazétic P, Potier P, Vallancien G. Kinematics and dynamics of the pelvis in the process of submarining using PMHS sled tests. Stapp Car Crash J. October 2012;56:411-442.
2010	Lessley DJ, Salzar R, Crandall J, Kent R, Bolton JR, Bass CR, Guillemot H, Forman JL. Kinematics of the thorax under dynamic belt loading conditions. Int J Crashworthiness. 2010;15(2):175-190.
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2005	Mellander H. Interior Frontal Crash Protection for Passenger Cars At High Delta-V: Possibilities and Limitations [PhD thesis]. Cranfield University; March 2005.
2002	Kent RW. Dynamic Response of the Thorax: Restraint-Specific Hard Tissue Injury Prediction [PhD thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; January 2002.
2015	Beeman SM. Biomechanical Response of Human Volunteers and Surrogates in a Variety of Loading Regimes [PhD thesis]. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; 2015.