Ankle joint biomechanics

Procter, P.<sup>1</sup>; Paul, J, P.<sup>2</sup>

Affiliations

¹Laboratorium für Biomechanik. ETH-Zentrum. CH-PW2 Zürich

²Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland

Abstract

A three-dimensional analysis of the human ankle joint is presented to analyse data obtained from gait laboratory tests. The ankle was treated as consisting of two joints, the talocrural (Tc.) and the talocalcaneonavicular (Tcn.), and relevant anatomical dimensions were based upon cadaveric anthropometric data. Seven adult male subjects were studied during the stance phase of normal locomotion. Data was acquired from three orthogonally placed cine cameras and a force platform.

Two models were investigated based on force equilibrium; a Mark I model which excluded the posterior tibial and peroneal muscle groups and a Mark II model, which included them. The Mark II model gave the following resultant peak forces expressed as multiples of body weight; Tc. joint force = 3.9; Tcn. joint forces—anterior facet = 2.4, posterior facet = 2.8. The latter model was felt to have good potential in the analytical assessment of ankle pathologies and endoprostheses.

Links

DOI: 10.1016/0021-9290(82)90017-3

PubMed: 7174695

WoS: A1982PQ32300001

History

Received: 1982-04-2

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Cited By (21)

Year	Entry
1999	Vaughan CL, Davis BL, O'Connor JC. Dynamics of Human Gait. 2nd ed. Cape Town, South Africa: Kiboho Publishers; 1999.
2016	Walcher MG, du Sart R. Biomechanical principles of foot and ankle. In: Valderrabano V, Easley M, eds. Foot and Ankle Sports Orthopaedics. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing; 2016:25-34.
1994	Calhoun JH, Li F, Ledbetter BR, Viegas SF. A comprehensive study of pressure distribution in the ankle joint with inversion and eversion. Foot Ankle Int. March 1994;15(3):125-133.
2000	Leardini A, O'Connor JJ, Catani F, Giannini S. The role of the passive structures in the mobility and stability of the human ankle joint: a literature review. Foot Ankle Int. 2000;21(7):602-615.
2010	Jenkyn TR, Shultz R, Giffin JR, Birmingham TB. A comparison of subtalar joint motion during anticipated medial cutting turns and level walking using a multi-segment foot model. Gait Post. February 2010;31(2):153-158.
1990	Spoor CW, van Leeuwen JL, Meskers CGM, Titulaer AF, Huson A. Estimation of instantaneous moment arms of lower-leg muscles. J Biomech. 1990;23(12):1247-1259.
1991	Scott SH, Winter DA. Talocrural and talocalcaneal joint kinematics and kinetics during the stance phase of walking. J Biomech. 1991;24(8):743-752.
1993	Scott SH, Winter DA. Biomechanical model of the human foot: kinematics and kinetics during the stance phase of walking. J Biomech. 1993;26(9):1091-1104.
1994	van den Bogert AJ, Smith GD, Nigg BM. In vivo determination of the anatomical axes of the ankle joint complex: an optimization approach. J Biomech. December 1994;27(12):1477-1488.
1988	Siegler S, Chen J, Schneck CD. The three-dimensional kinematics and flexibility characteristics of the human ankle and subtalar joints, I: kinematics. J Biomech Eng. November 1988;110(4):364-373.
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1988	Verstraete MC. A Method for Computing the Three-Dimensional Forces and Moments in the Lower Limb During Locomotion [PhD thesis]. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University; 1988.
2003	Peterman MM. A Strain Map of the Human Distal Tibia During the Stance Phase of Walking, from Dynamic Cadaver Experiments and Finite Element Analysis Simulations [PhD thesis]. State College, PA: Pennsylvania State University; August 2003.
2008	Lewis GS. Computational Modeling of the Mechanics of Flatfoot Deformity and Its Surgical Corrections [PhD thesis]. State College, PA: Pennsylvania State University; December 2008.
1998	Giddings VL. Computer Simulations of Calcaneal Loading and Bone Adaptation [PhD thesis]. Stanford University; June 1998.
1989	Morlock M. A Generalized Three-Dimensional Six-Segment Model of the Ankle and the Foot [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; December 1989.
1998	Stacoff AP. Skeletal Lower Extremity Motions During Running [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; August 1998.
1988	Son K. Biomechanical Analyses of Weight-Moving Tasks in the Seated Position [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 1988.
1999	Anderson FC III. A Dynamic Optimization Solution for a Complete Cycle of Normal Gait [PhD thesis]. University of Texas at Austin; December 1999.
2005	Rudd RW. Injury Tolerance of the Human Ankle in Impact-Induced Dorsiflexion [PhD thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; January 2005.