Swelling pressures of proteoglycans at the concentrations found in cartilaginous tissues

Urban, J. P. G.<sup>1</sup>; Maroudas, A.<sup>1</sup>; Bayliss, M. T.<sup>2</sup>; Dillon, J.<sup>1</sup>

Year	Entry
1988	Eggli PS, Hunzinker EB, Schenk RK. Quantitation of structural features characterizing weight- and less-weight-bearing regions in articular cartilage: a stereological analysis of medical femoral condyles in young adult rabbits. Anat Rec. November 1988;222(3):217-227.
1998	Basser PJ, Schneiderman R, Bank RA, Wachtel E, Maroudas A. Mechanical properties of the collagen network in human articular cartilage as measured by osmotic stress technique. Arch Biochem Biophys. March 15, 1998;351(2):207-219.
2003	Urban JPG, Roberts S. Degeneration of the intervertebral disc. Arthritis Res Ther. 2003;5(3):120-130.
1989	Urban JPG, Bayliss MT. Regulation of proteoglycan synthesis rate in cartilage in vitro: influence of extracellular ionic composition. Biochim Biophys Acta. July 21, 1989;992(1):59-65.
1990	Williams RPW, Cooper WD. Osmotic flow caused by polyelectrolytes. Biophys Chem. August 15, 1990;36(3):223-234.
1981	Maroudas A, Bannon C. Measurement of swelling pressure in cartilage and comparison with the osmotic pressure of constituent proteoglycans. Biorheology. 1981;18:619-632.
1985	Urban JPG, McMullin JF. Swelling pressure of the inervertebral disc: influence of proteoglycan and collagen contents. Biorheology. 1985;22(2):145-157.
2002	Wang CC-B, Guo XE, Sun D, Mow VC, Ateshian GA, Hung CT. The functional environment of chondrocytes within cartilage subjected to compressive loading: a theoretical and experimental approach. Biorheology. 2002;39(1-2):11-25.
1981	Urban JPG, Maroudas A. Swelling of the intervertebral disc in vitro. Connect Tissue Res. 1981;9(1):1-10.
1984	Mow VC, Holmes MH, Lai WM. Fluid transport and mechanical properties of articular cartilage: a review. J Biomech. 1984;17(5):377-394.
2004	Chahine NO, Wang CC-B, Hung CT, Ateshian GA. Anisotropic strain-dependent material properties of bovine articular cartilage in the transitional range from tension to compression. J Biomech. August 2004;37(8):1251-1261.
2005	Wilson W, van Donkelaar CC, van Rietbergen B, Huiskes R. A fibril-reinforced poroviscoelastic swelling model for articular cartilage. J Biomech. June 2005;38(6):1195-1204.
1981	Grodzinsky AJ, Roth V, Myers E, Grossman WD, Mow VC. The significance of electromechanical and osmotic forces in the nonequilibrium swelling behavior of articular cartilage in tension. J Biomech Eng. November 1981;103(4):221-231.
1987	Eisenberg SR, Grodzinsky AJ. The kinetics of chemically induced nonequilibrium swelling of articular cartilage and corneal stroma. J Biomech Eng. February 1987;109(1):79-89.
1991	Lai WM, Hou JS, Mow VC. A triphasic theory for the swelling and deformation behaviors of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. August 1991;113(3):245-258.
1995	Buschmann MD, Grodzinsky AJ. A molecular model of proteoglycan-associated electrostatic forces in cartilage mechanics. J Biomech Eng. May 1995;117(2):179-192.
1995	Drost MR, Willems P, Snijders H, Huyghe JM, Janssen JD, Huson A. Confined compression of canine annulus fibrosus under chemical and mechanical loading. J Biomech Eng. November 1995;117(4):390-396.
1998	Setton LA, Tohyama H, Mow VC. Swelling and curling behaviors of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. June 1998;120(3):355-361.
1993	Urban JPG, Hall AC, Gehl KA. Regulation of matrix synthesis rates by the ionic and osmotic environment of articular chondrocytes. J Cell Physiol. February 1993;154(2):262-270.
1986	Schneiderman R, Keret D, Maroudas A. Effects of mechanical and osmotic pressure on the rate of glycosaminoglycan synthesis in the human adult femoral head cartilage: an in vitro study. J Orthop Res. 1986;4(4):393-408.
2001	Chen SS, Falcovitz YH, Schneiderman R, Maroudas A, Sah RL. Depth-dependent compressive properties of normal aged human femoral head articular cartilage: relationship to fixed charge density. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. August 2001;9(6):561-569.
2008	Raj PP. Intervertebral disc: anatomy-physiology-pathophysiology-treatment. Pain Pract. January–February 2008;8(1):18-44.
1988	Urban JPG, McMullin JF. Swelling pressure of the lumbar intervertebral discs influence of age, spinal level, composition, and degeneration. Spine. February 1988;13(2):179-187.
1999	Gu WY, Mao XG, Foster RJ, Weidenbaum M, Mow VC, Rawlins BA. The anisotropic hydraulic permeability of human lumbar anulus fibrosus: influence of age, degeneration, direction, and water content. Spine. December 1, 1999;24(23):2449-2455.
1993	Setton LA. Effects of Intrinsic Viscoelasticity and Ion-Induced Swelling on the Mechanical Behavior of Articular Cartilage: Theory and Experiments [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 1993.
1994	Gu W. A Study of Mechano-Electrokinetic Properties of Charged-Hydrated-Soft Tissues and Biomechanics of Articular Cartilage [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 1994.
2001	Wang C. Digital Video Microscopy-Based Determination of Cartilage Inhomogeneity, Anisotropy and Tension -Compression Nonlinearity: Implications on Chondrocyte Environment [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2001.
2002	Sun D. Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of the Mechano-Electrochemical Properties of Articular Cartilage, a Charged -Hydrated -Soft, Biological Tissue [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2002.
2006	Chahine NO. Multi-Scale Measurements of the Mechanical and Transport Properties of Native and Engineered Articular Cartilage [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2006.
2007	Lu X. Indentation Analysis of Articular Cartilage Using the Triphasic Mixture Theory [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2007.
2007	Wan Q. Fundamental Theoretical and Experimental Studies for Applications Toward Functional Tissue Engineering of Articular Cartilage [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2007.
2009	Canal Guterl C. Contact Mechanics of Articular Layers: 2D Strain Fields and Their Relation to Tissue Inhomogeneity [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2009.
2017	Jones BK. Articular Cartilage Contact Mechanics and Development of a Bendable Osteochondral Allograft [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2017.
2020	Zimmerman BKL. Mechanically Mediated Fatigue Failure in Articular Cartilage: Experimental, Theoretical, and Computational Models [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2020.
2006	Thomas JD. Development of Injectable Hydrogels for Nucleus Pulposus Replacement [PhD thesis]. Drexel University; June 2006.
2009	Massey CJ. Finite Element Analysis and Materials Characterization of Changes Due to Aging and Degeneration of the Human Intervertebral Disc [PhD thesis]. Drexel University; September 2009.
2011	Sarkar S. Synthesis and Characterization of a Chondroitin Sulfate Based Hybrid Bio/synthetic Biomimetic Aggrecan Macromolecule [PhD thesis]. Drexel University; September 2011.
2000	Narmoneva DA. Material Property Determination for Normal and Osteoarthritic Articular Cartilage Using a Triphasic Mechano -Chemical Theoretical Model of Osmotic Loading [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2000.
2005	Pritchard SE. Interleukin-1 Initiates Intracellular Calcium Transients in Articular Chondrocytes and Modulates Their Response to Osmotic Stress: The Role of F-Actin and TRPV4 [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2005.
2009	Christensen SE. The Role of Collagen VI in the Structure and Properties of the Knee Joint [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2009.
2009	Moutos FT. Biomimetic Composite Scaffolds for the Functional Tissue Engineering of Articular Cartilage [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2009.
2010	Finan JD. The Effect of Osmotic Stress on the Structure and Properties of the Cell Nucleus [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2010.
2017	Öztürk E. Biomimicking Cartilage: Engineering the Matrix, Molecular Pathways and Oxygen Sensing of Chondrocytes [PhD thesis]. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich; 2017.
2004	Yao H. Physical Signals and Solute Transport in Cartilaginous Tissues [PhD thesis]. University of Miami; August 2004.
1983	Eisenberg SR. Nonequilibrium Electromechanical Interactions in Cartilage: Swelling and Electrokinetics Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; February 1983.
1996	Berkenblit SI. Spatial Localization of Cartilage Degradation Using Electromechanical Surface Spectroscopy With Variable Wavelength and Frequency [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; June 1996.
1999	Treppo S. Physical Diagnostics of Cartilage Degeneration [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; February 1999.
2004	Bathe M. Inverse Monte Carlo Simulation of Biomolecular Conformation and Coarse-Grained Molecular Modeling of Chondroitin Sulfate Conformation, Titration, and Osmotic Pressure [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; June 2004.
2005	Dean DMD. Modeling and Measurement of Intermolecular Interaction Forces Between Cartilage ECM Macromolecules [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; February 2005.
2007	Han L. Nanomechanics of Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Macromolecules [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; September 2007.
2009	Chen S. Regulation of Lubricin Gene Expression and Synthesis in Cartilage by Mechanical Injury [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; September 2009.
2016	Young WT. Cartilage Stress Relaxation Induced by Intra-Tissue Transport of Cationic Nanoparticles: Implications for Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis Drug Delivery [Master's thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; June 2016.
2010	Schrobback K. In Vitro Cultivation of Adult Human Chondrocytes: Importance of Culture System, Oxygen and Zonal Differences [PhD thesis]. Queensland University of Technology; 2010.
2011	Responte DJ. Novel Exogenous Agents for Improving Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering [PhD thesis]. Houston, TX: Rice University; October 2011.
1994	Giori NJ. Mechanical Influences on the Differentiation and Modulation of Skeletal and Connective Tissues [PhD thesis]. Stanford University; July 1994.
2010	Youssef AMRM. The Development of Botulinum Type-a Toxin-Induced Muscle Weakness Model of Osteoarthritis [PhD thesis]. Calgary, AB: University of Calgary; December 2010.
2019	Bezci SE. Time-Dependent Characterization of Fluid Flow Into the Intervertebral Disc [PhD thesis]. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley, University of California; 2019.
2005	Temple MM. Age- and Site-Associated Biomechanical Weakening of Human Articular Cartilage: Relationship to Cellularity, Wear, Matrix Fragmentation and the Progression to Osteoarthritis [PhD thesis]. San Diego (UCSD), University of California; 2005.
2006	Schmidt TA. Proteoglycan 4 Metabolism and Boundary Lubrication of Articular Cartilage [PhD thesis]. San Diego (UCSD), University of California; 2006.
2009	Wong BL. Biomechanics of Cartilage Articulation: Effects of Degeneration, Lubrication, and Focal Articular Defects [PhD thesis]. San Diego (UCSD), University of California; 2009.
2011	Antonacci JM. Boundary Lubrication of Articular Cartilage: Contribution of Hyaluronan in Health and Injury [PhD thesis]. San Diego (UCSD), University of California; 2011.
2011	Han E. Tissue Engineering of Cartilaginous Grafts With Mechanically Functional Aggrecan [PhD thesis]. San Diego (UCSD), University of California; 2011.
2016	Balkovec C. Intervertebral Disc Height Loss and Restoration: Outcomes and Implications [PhD thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2016.
2018	Gruevski KM. The Aging Spine: The Effect of Cyclic Loading, Simulated Degeneration and Prolonged Sitting on Joint Stiffness Across Age [PhD thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018.
1996	Chen C-T. An Investigation of the Interstitial Fluid Flow and Electromechanical Properties of Ligaments and Tendons [PhD thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Madison; 1996.

Year	Entry
1979	Urban JPG, Maroudas A. The measurement of fixed charged density in the intervertebral disc. Biochim Biophys Acta. August 6, 1979;586(1):166-178.
1977	Urban JPG. Fluid and Solute Transport in the Inter-Vertebral Disc [PhD thesis]. Imperial College London; June 1977.
1979	Maroudas A. Physicochemical properties of articular cartilage. In: Freeman MAR, ed. Adult Articular Cartilage. 2nd ed. Kent, England: Pitman Medical; 1979:215-290.
1975	Maroudas A. Biophysical chemistry of cartilaginous tissues with special reference to solute and fluid transport. Biorheology. 1975;12(3-4):233-248.
1977	Venn M, Maroudas A. Chemical composition and swelling of normal and osteoarthrotic femoral head cartilage, I: chemical composition. Ann Rheum Dis. 1977;36(2):121-129.