Determination of mechanical properties of the bones of the skull

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Robbins, D. H..¹; Wood, J. L.¹

Determination of mechanical properties of the bones of the skull

Exp Mech. May 1969;9(5):236-240

Affiliations

¹Highway Safety Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
Abstract

This paper presents the initial results of a research project concerning the mechanism of head injury. In order to begin to define the mechanism, it is necessary to determine mechanical properties of the various skull bones, organize them into constitutive equations, and develop a structural model of the skull.

The material presented is concerned primarily with the development of experimental procedures and the results which have been obtained. The specimen-testing program has been split into four parts: (1) The procural of 3/4-in. and 11/2-in.-diam plugs from human skulls at autopsy and the precise determination of specimen location and orientation; (2) the fabrication and strain gaging of small test specimens for basic tension, compression, tension-compression, and shear tests; (3) the conducting of tests; and (4) the correlation of experimental findings with microscopic structure by standard and nonstandard techniques of histology.
Links

DOI: 10.1007/BF02326542

WoS: A1969D109500008

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Cited By (16)

Year	Entry
1972	Goldsmith W. Biomechanics of head injury. In: Fung YC, Perrone N, Anliker M, eds. Biomechanics: Its Foundations and Objectives. Symposium on Biomechanics, its Foundations and Objectives; July 29-31, 1970. Englewood Cliff, NJ: Inc., Prentice-Hall International; 1972:585-634.
2007	Kleiven S. A parametric study of energy absorbing foams for head injury prevention. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 18-21, 2007; Lyon, France.
2007	Mordaka J, Kleiven S, van Schijndel-de Nooij M, de Lange R, Guerra Casanova LJ, Carter EL, von Holst H. The importance of rotational kinematics in pedestrian head to windshield impacts. In: Proceedings of the 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 19-21, 2007; Maastricht, The Netherlands.83-94.
2012	Fahlstedt M, Baeck K, Halldin P, Vander Sloten J, Goffin J, Depreitere B, Kleiven S. Influence of impact velocity and angle in a detailed reconstruction of a bicycle accident. In: Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 12-14, 2012; Dublin, Ireland.787-799.
2013	Boruah S, Henderson K, Subit D, Salzar RS, Shender BS, Paskoff G. Response of human skull bone to dynamic compressive loading. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 11-13, 2013; Gothenburg, Sweden.497-508.
2016	Nadarasa J, Deck C, Meyer F, Bourdet N, Raul JS, Willinger R. Infant eye finite‐element model for injury analysis. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2016; Malaga, Spain.315-325.
2019	Alexander SL, Gunnarsson CA, Weerasooriya T. Influence of the mesostructure on the compressive mechanical response of adolescent porcine cranial bone. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. August 2019;96:96-107.
2020	Zhai X, Nauman EA, Moryl D, Lycke R, Chen WW. The effects of loading-direction and strain-rate on the mechanical behaviors of human frontal skull bone. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. March 2020;103:103597.
2021	Brown AD, Rafaels KA, Weerasooriya T. Shear behavior of human skull bones. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. April 2021;116:104343.
2020	Zapata U, Wang Q. Material properties of the skull layers of the primate parietal bone: a single-subject study. PLoS One. March 3, 2020;15(3):e0229244.
2002	Kleiven S. Finite Element Modeling of the Human Head [PhD thesis]. Stockholm, Sweden: Royal Institute of Technology; 2002.
2009	Verschueren P. Biomechanical Analysis of Head Injuries Related to Bicycle Accidents and a New Bicycle Helmet Concept [PhD thesis]. Leuven, Belgium: Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; July 2009.
2010	Johnson TPM. On the Rate-Dependent Constitutive Response of Cortical and Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; September 2010.
2016	Boruah S. A Viscoelastic Model for High Strain Rate Loading of the Human Calvarium [PhD thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; May 2016.
1995	Zhou C. Finite Element Modeling of Impact Response of an Inhomogeneous Brain [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; 1995.
2012	Makwana R. Development and Validation of a 3D Finite Element Model of Advanced Combat Helmet and Biomechanical Analysis of Human Head and Helmet Response to Primary Blast Insult [Master's thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; May 2012.