Development of advanced human models in THUMS

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Iwamoto, Masami¹; Nakahira, Yuko¹; Tamura, Atsutaka¹; Kimpara, Hideyuki¹; Watanabe, Isao¹; Miki, Kazuo¹

Development of advanced human models in THUMS

European LS-DYNA Users' Conference

Affiliations

¹Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc.
Abstract and keywords

A finite element model of human body called THUMS has been developed to predict gross motions and multiple skeletal injuries of a whole human body during impacts. Recently, we have developed a head/brain model and thoracic/abdominal internal organ models to evaluate more severe injury risks for occupants and pedestrians in automotive accidents. The head/brain model was validated against some test data on translations and rotations of the head obtained from the literature. The internal organ models were validated against hub impacts for the thorax or abdomen. These models are currently attempted to predict severe injuries in the brain and liver, etc. Finally, we will show THUMS family including a small female, a large male, and a child, etc, which have been developed to investigate the effects of body size on impact responses and injuries.

Keywords: Impact biomechanics; FEM; Human body model; Injury prediction; Soft tissue

Cited Works (11)

Year	Entry
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Cited By (19)

Year	Entry
2013	Hayes AR, Gayzik FS, Moreno DP, Martin RS, Stitzel JD. Abdominal organ location, morphology, and rib coverage for the 5th, 50th, and 95th percentile males and females in the supine and seated posture using multi-modality imaging. In: 57th Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). September 22-25, 2013; Quebec City, QC.111-121.
2013	Iwamoto M, Nakahira Y, Kimpara H, Min K. Development of a finite element model of 5th percentile female with multiple muscles and its application to investigation on impact responses of elderly females. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). May 27-30, 2013; Seoul, South Korea.
2017	Kato D, Nakahira Y, Iwamoto M. A study of muscle control with two feedback controls for posture and reaction force for more accurate prediction of occupant kinematics in low-speed frontal impacts. In: Proceedings of the 25th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 5-8, 2017; Detroit, MI.
2019	Martynenko OV, Neininger FT, Schmitt S. Development of a hybrid muscle controller for an active finite element human body model in LS-DYNA capable of occupant kinematics prediction in frontal and lateral maneuvers. In: Proceedings of the 26th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 10-13, 2019; Eindhoven, Netherlands.
2011	van Rooij L, Uittenbogaard J. Human surrogate neck response to +Gz vertical impact. In: Proceedings of the 2011 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2011; Krakow, Poland.86-89.
2014	Sahoo D, Deck C, Yoganandan N, Willinger R. Composite FE human skull model validation and development of skull fracture criteria. In: Proceedings of the 2014 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 10-12, 2014; Berlin, Germany.106-118.
2018	Piqueras‐Lorente A, Iraeus J, Lorente AI, López‐Valdés FJ, Juste‐Lorente Ó, Maza‐Frechín M, Pipkorn B. Kinematic assessment of subject personification of human body models (THUMS). In: Proceedings of the 2018 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 12-14, 2018; Athens, Greece.191-206.
2018	Kato D, Nakahira Y, Atsumi N, Iwamoto M. Development of human‐body model THUMS Version 6 containing muscle controllers and application to injury analysis in frontal collision after brake deceleration. In: Proceedings of the 2018 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 12-14, 2018; Athens, Greece.207-223.
2020	Butz KD, Spurlock CM, Lister K. Validation of the CAVEMAN human body model lumbar spine response to vertical accelerative loading and the effect of spine curvature on skeletal fracture. In: Proceedings of the 2020 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. 2020; Munich, Germany.113-122.
2021	Martynenko OV, Wochner I, Nölle LV, Alfaro EH, Schmitt S, Mayer C, Mishra A, Ghosh P, Chitteti RK, Weber J, González-García M, Beaugonin M, Vlachoutsis S. Comparison of the head-neck kinematics of different active human body models with experimental data. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 8-10, 2021; Online.105-121.
2023	Hasija V, Ruparel T, Kelkar R, Craig MJ, Takhounts EG. Injury risk evaluation for mid-sized females using finite element human body models. In: Proceedings of the 2023 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-165, 2023; Cambridge, United Kingdom.363-382.
2014	Vavalle NA, Schoell SL, Weaver AA, Stitzel JD, Gayzik FS. Application of radial basis function methods in the development of a 95th percentile male seated FEA model. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2014;58:361-384.
2017	Butz K, Spurlock C, Roy R, Bell C, Barrett P, Ward A, Xiao X, Shirley A, Welch C, Liste K. Development of the CAVEMAN human body model: validation of lower extremity sub-injurious response to vertical accelerative loading. Stapp Car Crash J. November 2017;61:175-209. SAE 2017-22-0006.
2015	Iwamoto M, Nakahira Y, Kimpara H. Development and validation of the Total HUman Model for Safety (THUMS) toward further understanding of occupant injury mechanisms in precrash and during crash. Traffic Inj Prev. June 1, 2015;16(suppl 1):S36-S48.
2017	Shen M. Development of a Finite Element Pelvis and Lower Extremity Model With Growth Plates for Pediatric Pedestrian Protection [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; August 2017.
2020	Zhou R. Development of Rat Head Finite Element Model and Tissue Level Biomechanical Threshold for Traumatic Axonal Injury [PhD thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; May 2020.
2014	Davis ML. Development of a Full-Body CAD Dataset for a Computational Model of the 5th Percentile Female [Master's thesis]. Winston-Salem, NC: Wake Forest University; May 2014.
2015	Vavalle NA. The Application of a Radial Basis Function Morphing Technique to a Validated Full Human Body Finite Element Model [PhD thesis]. Winston-Salem, NC: Wake Forest University; May 2015.
2017	Davis ML. Development and Full Body Validation of a 5th Percentile Female Finite Element Model [PhD thesis]. Winston-Salem, NC: Wake Forest University; January 2017.