Correlation of field injuries and GM Hybrid III dummy responses for lap-shoulder belt restraint

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Nyquist, G. W.¹; Begman, P. C.²; King, A. I.²; Mertz, H. J.¹

Correlation of field injuries and GM Hybrid III dummy responses for lap-shoulder belt restraint

J Biomech Eng. May 1980;102(2):103-109

©1980 ASME

Affiliations

¹General Motors Corporation, Warren, Mich. 48090

²Wayne State University, Detroit, Mich
Abstract

Simulated frontal, lap-shoulder belted, barrier impact tests were performed using a Volvo sedan and General Motors Hybrid III anthropomorphic test dummy. Swedish field accident injury data for this vehicle are available from another published study. For the purpose of this program, the injuries were logically subdivided into four body regions: head, neck, thorax, and lower torso. The Hybrid III has instrumentation in each of these regions. The results of three replicated tests at barrier equivalent velocities of nominally 32 and 48 km/h are discussed in terms of the field injuries, thereby providing a basis for more intelligent interpretation of future Hybrid III test results.
Links

DOI: 10.1115/1.3138204

PubMed: 7412232

WoS: A1980JS63600004
History

Received: 1979-10-22

Cited Works (4)

Year	Entry
1975	Neathery RF, Kroell CK, Mertz HJ. Prediction of thoracic injury from dummy responses. In: Proceedings of the 19th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 17-19, 1975; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:295-316. SAE 751151.
1971	Mertz HJ, Patrick LM. Strength and response of the human neck. In: Proceedings of the 15th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 17-19, 1971; Coronado, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:207-255. SAE 710855.
1974	Patrick LM, Bohlin N, Anderson A. Three-point harness accident and laboratory data comparison. In: Proceedings of the 18th Stapp Car Crash Conference. December 4-5, 1974; Ann Arbor, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:201-282. SAE 741181.
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1999	Eppinger R, Sun E, Bandak F, Haffner M, Khaewpong N, Maltese M, Kuppa S, Nguyen T, Takhounts E, Tannous R, Zhang A, Saul R. Development of Improved Injury Criteria for the Assessment of Advanced Automotive Restraint Systems - II. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA); November 1999.
1998	Kleinberger M, Sun E, Eppinger R, Kuppa S, Saul R. Development of Improved Injury Criteria for the Assessment of Advanced Automotive Restraint Systems. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA); September 1998.
2012	Parr JC, Miller ME, Bridges NR, Buhrman JR, Perry CE, Wright NL. Evaluation of the Nᵢⱼ neck injury criteria with human response data for use in future research on helmet mounted display mass properties. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 56th Annual Meeting. 2012:2070-2074.
2015	Nightingale RW, Myers BS, Yoganandan N. Neck injury biomechanics. In: Yoganandan N, Nahum AM, Melvin JW, eds. Accidental Injury: Biomechanics and Prevention. 3rd ed. New York: Springer; 2015:259-308.
2006	Bass CRD, Donnellan L, Salzar R, Lucas S, Folk B, Davis M, Rafaels K, Planchak C, Meyerhoff K, Ziemba A, Alem N. A new neck injury criterion in combined vertical/frontal crashes with head supported mass. In: Proceedings of the 2006 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 20-22, 2006; Madrid, Spain.75-91.
2017	Hasija V, Takhounts E, Lee E, Craig M. On the importance of the forces and moments at the occipital condyles in predicting ligamentous cervical spine injuries. In: Proceedings of the 2017 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-15, 2017; Antwerp, Belgium.600-612.
2022	Ortiz-Paparoni MA, Morino CF, Op ‘t Eynde J, Kait JR, Bass CR. Translating post-mortem human subject injury risk to dummy injury risk at iso-energy. In: Proceedings of the 2022 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2022; Porto, Portugal.243-249.
2014	Van Toen C, Melnyk AD, Street J, Oxland TR, Cripton P. The effects of lateral eccentricity on failure loads and injuries of the cervical spine in head-first impacts. In: Proceedings of the 10th Ohio State University Injury Biomechanics Symposium. May 18-20, 2014; Columbus, OH.
1991	Horsch JD, Viano DC, DeCou J. History of safety research and development on the General Motors energy-absorbing steering system. In: Proceedings of the 35th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 18-20, 1991; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:1-46. SAE 912890.
2003	Mertz HJ, Irwin AL, Prasad P. Biomechanical and scaling bases for frontal and side impact injury assessment reference values. Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:155-188. SAE 2003-22-0009.
2006	Dibb AT, Nightingale RW, Chancey VC, Fronheiser LE, Tran L, Ottaviano D, Myers BS. Comparative structural neck responses of the THOR-NT, Hybrid III, and human in combined tension-bending and pure bending. Stapp Car Crash J. 2006;50:567-581. SAE 2006-22-0021.
1989	Deng Y-C. Anthropomorphic dummy neck modeling and injury considerations. Accid Anal Prev. February 1989;21(1):85-100.
2005	Viano DC, Pellman EJ. Concussion in professional football: biomechanics of the striking player: part 8. Neurosurgery. February 2005;56(2):266-278.
2018	Quarrington RD. Towards Understanding the Injury Mechanics and Clinical Outcomes of Traumatic Subaxial Cervical Facet Dislocation and Fracture-Dislocation [PhD thesis]. University of Adelaide; December 2018.
2000	Van Ee CA. Tensile Properties of the Human Muscular and Ligamentous Cervical Spine [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2000.
2005	Chancey VC. Strength of the Human Neck: Understanding the Contributions of the Ligamentous and Muscular Spine in Tension and Bending [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2005.
2022	Ortiz Paparoni MA. Lumbar Spinal Injury Under Dynamic Compression [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2022.
2013	Van Toen CY. Biomechanics of Cervical Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Under Combined Axial Compression and Lateral Bending Loading [PhD thesis]. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia; December 2013.