Reanalysis of monkey head concussion experiment data using a novel monkey finite element model to develop brain tissue injury reference values

wbldb

Antona‐Makoshi, Jacobo^1,2; Davidsson, Johan²; Ejima, Susumu¹; Ono, Koshiro¹

Reanalysis of monkey head concussion experiment data using a novel monkey finite element model to develop brain tissue injury reference values

Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury

Affiliations

¹Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI)

²Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden
Abstract and keywords

A new method has been applied to develop a Finite Element (FE) model of the head‐ neck complex of Macaque monkey from medical images. The skull, brain and flesh have been validated based on tissue and component experimental data from literature. The kinematics of the head during occipital impacts have been validated against a sub‐set of head impact experiments carried out in the past at the Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI). The validated model has been used to simulate 19 occipital impacts case‐by‐case. The correlation between obtained peak values for a number of mechanical parameters of the different brain regions and the occurrence of concussion in the experiments was analysed. Maximum principal strain in the brainstem showed significant correlation to concussion; 21% strain was associated with a probability of 50% risk for concussion. The developed model and the presented results constitute the first step towards the development of a tissue level injury criterion for humans that is based on experimental animal data.

Keywords: Concussion, finite element model, head, monkey experiments, traumatic brain injury
Links

URL: http://www.ircobi.org/downloads/irc12/pdf_files/54.pdf

Cited Works (19)

Year	Entry
1971	Ommaya AK, Hirsch AE. Tolerances for cerebral concussion from head impact and whiplash in primates. J Biomech. 1971;4(1):13-21.
1943	Holbourn AHS. Mechanics of head injuries. Lancet. October 9, 1943;242(6267):438-441.
1982	Kikuchi A, Ono K, Nakamuha N. Human head tolerance to lateral impact deduced from experimental head injuries using primates. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). November 1-4, 1982; Kyoto, Japan.251-261.
1987	Gennarelli TA, Thibault LE, Tomei G, Wiser R, Graham DI, Adams J. Directional dependence of axonal brain injury due to centroidal and non-centroidal acceleration. In: Proceedings of the 31st Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 9-11, 1987; New Orleans, LA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:49-53. SAE 872197.
2007	Kleiven S. Predictors for traumatic brain injuries evaluated through accident reconstructions. Stapp Car Crash J. 2007;51:81-114. SAE 2007-22-0003.
1998	Cantu RC. Second-impact syndrome. Clin Sports Med. January 1998;17(1):37-44.
2009	Ogihara N, Makishima H, Aoi S, Sugimoto Y, Tsuchiya K, Nakatsukasa M. Development of an anatomically based whole-body musculoskeletal model of the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata). Am J Phys Anthropol. July 2009;139(3):323-338.
1946	Pudenz RH, Shelden CH. The lucite calvarium: a method for direct observation of the brain, II: cranial trauma and brain movement. J Neurosurg. 1946;3(6):487-505.
1992	Mendis K. Finite Element Modeling of the Brain to Establish Diffuse Axonal Injury Criteria [PhD thesis]. The Ohio State University; November 1992.
2011	World Health Organization. Global Plan for the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2011.
1980	Ono K, Kikuchi A, Nakamura M, Kobayashi H, Nakamura N. Human head tolerance to sagittal impact reliable estimation deduced from experimental head injury using subhuman primates and human cadaver skulls. In: Proceedings of the 24th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 15-17, 1980; Troy, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:103-160. SAE 801303.
1979	Hodgson VR, Thomas LM. Acceleration induced shear strains in a monkey brain hemisection. In: Proceedings of the 23rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 17-19, 1979; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:589-611. SAE 791023.
1979	Nusholtz GS, Melvin JW, Alem NM. Head impact response comparisons of human surrogates. In: Proceedings of the 23rd Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 17-19, 1979; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:499-541. SAE 791020.
2006	Mao H, Zhang L, Yang KH, King AI. Application of a finite element model of the brain to study traumatic brain injury mechanisms in the rat. Stapp Car Crash J. 2006;50:583-600. SAE 2006-22-0022.
1998	Arbogast KB, Margulies SS. Material characterization of the brainstem from oscillatory shear tests. J Biomech. September 1998;31(9):801-807.
2004	Zhang L, Yang KH, King AI. A proposed injury threshold for mild traumatic brain injury. J Biomech Eng. 2004;126(2):226-236.
1970	Galford JE, McElhaney JH. A viscoelastic study of scalp, brain, and dura. J Biomech. 1970;3(2):211-221.
1970	Melvin JW, McElhaney JH, Roberts VL. Development of a mechanical model of the human head: determination of tissue properties and synthetic substitute materials. In: Proceedings of the 14th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 17-18, 1970; Ann Arbor, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:221-240. SAE 700903.
1976	McElhaney JH, Roberts VL, Hilyard JF. Handbook of Human Tolerance. Tokyo, Japan: Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI) Inc; 1976.

Cited By (8)

Year	Entry
2013	Lamy M, Baumgartner D, Davidsson J, Willinger R. Traumatic brain injury investigation using FE modeling of the rat and experimental high amplitude rotations in the sagittal plane. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 11-13, 2013; Gothenburg, Sweden.456-469.
2013	Antona‐Makoshi J, Davidsson J, Ejima S, Ono K, Brolin K, Anata K. Correlation of global head and brain tissue injury criteria to experimental concussion derived from monkey head trauma experiments. In: Proceedings of the 2013 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 11-13, 2013; Gothenburg, Sweden.509-522.
2014	Ren L, Baumgartner D, Davidsson J, Yang J, Willinger R. Effect of the inhomogeneous brain mechanical characteristic on dynamic responses of head under trauma. In: Proceedings of the 2014 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 10-12, 2014; Berlin, Germany.93-105.
2020	Wu T, Sato F, Antona-Makoshi J, Giudice JS, Alshareef A, Yaguchi M, Masuda M, Panzer MB. Traumatic brain injury risk functions estimated using human and non-human primate data. In: Proceedings of the 2020 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. 2020; Munich, Germany.608-609.
2014	Patton DA. The Biomechanical Determinants of Sports-Related Concussion: Finite Element Simulations of Unhelmeted Head Impacts to Evaluate Kinematic and Tissue-Level Predictors of Injury and Investigate the Design Implications for Soft-Shell Headgear [PhD thesis]. University of New South Wales; March 2014.
2016	Boruah S. A Viscoelastic Model for High Strain Rate Loading of the Human Calvarium [PhD thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; May 2016.
2019	Wu T. Integration of Interspecies Data for Developing Tissue-Level Brain Injury Risk Functions [PhD thesis]. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia; May 2019.
2018	Arora T. Development of a Subhuman Primate Brain Finite Element Model to Investigate Brain Injury Thresholds Induced by Head Rotation [Master's thesis]. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University; August 2018.