Estimating Q3 dummy injury criteria for frontal impacts using the child project results and scaling reference values

wbldb

Palisson, Anna¹; Cassan, Françoise¹; Trosseille, Xavier¹; Lesire, Philippe¹; Alonzo, François²

Estimating Q3 dummy injury criteria for frontal impacts using the child project results and scaling reference values

Proceedings of the 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact

Affiliations

¹LAB PSA Peugeot Citroën Renault

²INRETS
Abstract and keywords

The purpose of this study was to provide head, neck and chest injury criteria which are specific to the Q3 dummy for frontal impacts and obtained after combining the results of the CHILD project and of scaling Injury Assessment Reference Values. In the CHILD project, injury criteria were developed pairing up injuries observed in forty real-life accidents with crash reconstruction dummy measurements. Results obtained in the CHILD project and by the means of the scaling could only be compared for the chest. Thorax injury values were consolidated by both methodologies. Head injury thresholds were estimated from CHILD reconstructions, while neck injury levels were defined from scaling reference values.

Keywords: Injury criteria; Q3 dummy; head; neck; chest

Cited Works (19)

Year	Entry
1971	Mertz HJ, Gadd CW. Thoracic tolerance to whole-body deceleration. In: Proceedings of the 15th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 17-19, 1971; Coronado, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:135-157. SAE 710852.
1970	Yamada H. Strength of Biological Materials. Evans FG, ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins Company; 1970.
2003	Di Domenico L, Nusholtz G. Comparison of parametric and non-parametric methods for determining injury risk. In: Proceedings of the SAE World Congress & Exhibition. March 3-6, 2003; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 2003-01-1362.
2003	Mertz HJ, Irwin AL, Prasad P. Biomechanical and scaling bases for frontal and side impact injury assessment reference values. Stapp Car Crash J. 2003;47:155-188. SAE 2003-22-0009.
1989	Mertz HJ, Irwin AL, Melvin JW, Stalnaker RL, Beebe MS. Size, weight and biomechanical impact response requirements for adult size small female and large male dummies. In: Proceedings of the SAE International Congress & Exposition. February 27–March 3, 1989; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 890756.
1976	Kallieris D, Barz J, Schmidt G, Heess G, Mattern R. Comparison between child cadavers and child dummy by using child restraint systems in simulated collisions. In: Proceedings of the 20th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 18-20, 1976; Dearborn, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:513-542. SAE 760815.
1998	Kuppa SM, Eppinger RH. Development of an improved thoracic injury criterion. In: Proceedings of the 42nd Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 2-4, 1998; Tempa, AZ. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:139-153. SAE 983153.
1992	Planath I, Rygaard C, Nilsson S. Synthesis of data towards neck protection criteria for children. In: Proceedings of the 1992 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 1992; Verona, Italy.155-166.
1982	Mertz HJ, Weber DA. Interpretations of the impact responses of a 3-year-old child dummy relative to child injury potential. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). November 1-4, 1982; Kyoto, Japan.368-376.
1984	Prasad P, Mertz HJ. The position of the United States delegation to the ISO working group 6 on the use of HIC in the automotive environment. In: Proceedings of the SAE Government/industry Meeting & Exposition. May 20-23, 1984; Washington, DC. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 851246.
1984	Prasad P, Daniel RP. A biomechanical analysis of head, neck, and torso injuries to child surrogates due to sudden torso acceleration. In: Proceedings of the 28th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 6-7, 1984; Chicago, IL. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:25-40. SAE 841656.
1967	Mertz HJ Jr, Patrick LM. Investigation of the kinematics and kinetics of whiplash. In: Proceedings of the 11th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 10-11, 1967; Anaheim, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:267-317. SAE 670919.
1997	van Ratingen MR, Twisk D, Schrooten M, Beusenberg MC, Barnes A, Platten G. Biomechanically based design and performance targets for a 3-year old child crash dummy for frontal and side impact. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Child Occupant Protection Symposium. November 12, 1997; Orlando, FL.243-260. SAE 973316.
1996	Mertz HJ, Prasad P, Nusholtz G. Head injury risk assessment for forehead impacts. In: Proceedings of the SAE International Congress & Exposition. February 26–March 1, 1996; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 960099.
1997	Mertz HJ, Prasad P, Irwin AL. Injury risk curves for children and adults in frontal and rear collisions. In: Proceedings of the 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 13-14, 1997; Lake Buena Vista, FL. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:13-30. SAE 973318.
1997	Irwin A, Mertz HJ. Biomechanical basis for the CRABI and Hybrid III child dummies. In: Proceedings of the 41st Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 13-14, 1997; Lake Buena Vista, FL. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:1-12. SAE 973317.
1995	Melvin JW. Injury assessment reference values for the CRABI 6-month infant dummy in a rear-facing infant restraint with airbag deployment. In: Proceedings of the SAE International Congress & Exposition. February 27–March 2, 1995; Detroit, MI. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE 950872.
1971	Mertz HJ, Patrick LM. Strength and response of the human neck. In: Proceedings of the 15th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 17-19, 1971; Coronado, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:207-255. SAE 710855.
1978	Mertz HJ, Hodgson VR, Thomas LM, Nyquist GW. An assessment of compressive neck loads under injury-producing conditions. Phys Sportsmed. December 1978;6(11):95-106.

Cited By (6)

Year	Entry
2007	Lesire P, Cuny S, Alonzo F, Tejera G, Cataldi M. Misuse of child restraint systems in crash situations: danger and possible consequences. In: 51st Annual Proceedings, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). October 15-17, 2007; Melbourne, Australia.207-222.
2009	Johannsen H, Müller G, Fastenmeier W, Gstalter H, Schnottale B, Isermann P. Misuse of airbag deactivation when children are travelling in the front passenger seat. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
2011	Martínez L, García A, Alcalá E, Espantaleón M. Child frontal impact safety in coaches. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 13-16, 2011; Washington, DC.
2012	Johannsen H, Trosseille X, Lesire P, Beillas P. Estimating Q‐dummy injury criteria using the CASPER project results and scaling adult reference values. In: Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 12-14, 2012; Dublin, Ireland.580-596.
2016	Rola E. Parametric study of 3‐year‐olds in a child restraint system with harness pretensioner and load limiter. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2016; Malaga, Spain.352-353.
2012	Beillas P, Alonzo F, Chevalier M-C, Lesire P, Leopold F, Trosseille X, Johannsen H. Abdominal twin pressure sensors for the assessment of abdominal injuries in Q dummies: in-dummy evaluation and performance in accident reconstructions. Stapp Car Crash J. October 2012;56:387-410.