The mechanics of muscle function in locomotion

Morrison, J. B.

Affiliations

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, M.I.T., Cambridge, Mass. 02139, U.S.A.

²Present address: RN Physiological Laboratory, Fort Road, Alverstoke, Hants. PO1 2 ZDU, England

Abstract

An engineering analysis has been developed which enables the forces transmitted by the joints of the lower limb to be calculated from experimental data. This paper describes a further extension of the analysis to investigate the mechanics of muscle action in locomotion. The results describe the relation of muscle tension to length and velocity and the function of muscle in the production and absorption of energy.

Links

DOI: 10.1016/0021-9290(70)90016-3

PubMed: 5521557

History

Received: 1969-12-23

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Cited By (25)

Year	Entry
1991	Winter DA. The Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Gait: Normal, Elderly and Pathological. 2nd ed. Waterloo, ON: University of Waterloo Press; 1991.
2009	Winter DA. Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement. 4th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Inc, John Wiley & Sons; 2009.
1977	Matthews LS, Sonstegard DA, Henke JA. Load bearing characteristics of the patello-femoral joint. Acta Orthop Scand. 1977;48(5):511-516.
1983	Winter DA. Energy generation and absorption at the ankle and knee during fast, natural, and slow cadences. Clin Orthop Relat Res. August 1983;175:147-154.
1989	Zajac FE, Gordon ME. Determining muscle's force and action in multi-articular movement. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. January 1989;17(1):187-230.
1975	Cavanagh PR, Gregor RJ. Knee joint torque during the swing phase of normal treadmill walking. J Biomech. September 1975;8(5):337-344.
1976	Cappozzo A, Figura F, Marchetti M, Pedotti A. The interplay of muscular and external forces in human ambulation. J Biomech. 1976;9(1):35-43.
1980	Gordon D, Winter DA. Mechanical energy generation, absorption and transfer amongst segments during walking. J Biomech. 1980;13(10):845-854.
1980	Winter DA. Overall principle of lower limb support during stance phase of gait. J Biomech. 1980;13(11):923-927.
1983	Winter DA. Moments of force and mechanical power in jogging. J Biomech. 1983;16(1):91-97.
1983	Biewener AA, Thomason J, Goodship A, Lanyon LE. Bone stress in the horse forelimb during locomotion at different gaits: a comparison of two experimental methods. J Biomech. 1983;16(8):565-576.
1985	Olney SJ, Winter DA. Predictions of knee and ankle moments of force in walking from EMG and kinematic data. J Biomech. 1985;18(1):9-20.
2007	Heinlein B, Graichen F, Bender A, Rohlmann A, Bergmann G. Design, calibration and pre-clinical testing of an instrumented tibial tray. J Biomech. 2007;40(suppl 1):S4-S10.
1983	Ahmed AM, Burke DL, Yu A. In-vitro of measurement of static pressure distribution in synovial joints, II: retropatellar surface. J Biomech Eng. August 1983;105(3):226-236.
1984	Huberti HH, Hayes WC. Patellofemoral contact pressures: the influence of Q-angle and tendofemoral contact. J Bone Joint Surg. June 1984;66A(5):715-724.
1976	Hatze H. The complete optimization of a human motion. Math Biosci. 1976;28(1-2):99-135.
2013	Argunsah Bayram H. Biomechanics of Prosthetic Knee Systems: Role of Dampening and Energy Storage Systems [PhD thesis]. Cleveland State University; April 2013.
1972	Flowers WC. A Man-Interactive Simulator System for Above-Knee Prosthetics Studies [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; August 1972.
1978	Hardt DE. A Minimum Energy Solution for Muscle Force Control During Walking [PhD thesis]. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; September 1978.
1997	McCrory JL. A Biomechanical Comparison of 1-G and Fully Loaded Simulated Zero-Gravity Locomotion [PhD thesis]. State College, PA: Pennsylvania State University; May 1997.
2002	Henley JD. A Kinematic and Kinetic Analysis of Postural Perturbation [PhD thesis]. State College, PA: Pennsylvania State University; May 2002.
1994	Amoroso AT. The Influence of Bicycle Seat Height on the Mechanical Function of the Human Gastrocnmeius, Soleus, and Tibialis Anterior Muscles During Steady-Rate Cycling [Master's thesis]. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia; June 1994.
1973	Jensen RH. Muscles as Centroid Lines [PhD thesis]. University of Iowa; May 1973.
1985	Herzog W. Individual Muscle Force Prediction in Athletic Movements [PhD thesis]. University of Iowa; May 1985.
1986	Bylski DI. In Situ Measurement of Meniscal Mechanics in Human Knee Joints [PhD thesis]. University of Michigan; 1986.