Strengthening musculo-skeletal unit during adolescence and early adulthood may reduce the incidence of skeletal fractures later in life. Previous studies indicated that short durations of extremely small magnitude, high-frequency whole body vibrations (WBV) can promote anabolic activity in the adult skeleton. Here, it is determined if low-level WBV is able to enhance bone and muscle accretion during growth. Eight-week old female or male BALB/cByJ mice were subjected to low level WBV for 3 or 6 wk. In female BALB mice, short term (3wk) studies indicated that short durations (15 min/d) of extremely small magnitude (0.3g), high-frequency (45Hz) WBV that induce strain oscillations of approximately 10 microstrain (ps) on the periosteal surface of the proximal tibia can inhibit trabecular bone resorption, site-specifically attenuate the declining levels of bone formation, and maintain a high level of matrix quality. Six wk WBV study indicated that the altered cellular activity in the short term study was able to be translated into enhanced bone morphology in the long term study as indicated by greater trabecular bone volume and cortical bone geometry in the tibial metaphysis in female mice. As well, six wk WBV increased muscle accretion by greater cross sectional area of type I and type II muscle fibers. Similar to female mice, male mice were also able to sense WBV, by increasing trabecular bone quantity and architecture after 6 wk WBV. In an effort to provide morphological benefits to the skeleton in a shorter period, the efficacy of different schemes of WBV was determined in a 3 wk study of male mice. Increasing daily cycles, bouts and the magnitude of the acceleration was able to enhance the efficacy of low level WBV on trabecular and cortical bone accretion in the growing skeleton through a short term protocol. The most effective scheme, two bouts of 30 min WBV at 0.3g separated by 6 hr, not only increased trabecular bone volume fraction and periosteal bone area in the metaphysis, but also increased periosteal bone area in the middiaphysis. In summary, this dissertation demonstrated that low-level whole body vibrations are able to enhance bone and muscle accretion during growth in female and male mice, and the efficacy of whole body vibrations can be optimized by varying duration, bout, and/or magnitude of acceleration. In addition, optimized designs may provide a basis for a non-pharmacological and safe means to increase peak bone mass while the skeleton is most responsive to mechanical signals. Further long-term animal and human studies are required to determine whether these benefits can be maintained during adulthood. If successful, they may ultimately serve to decrease the incidence of osteoporotic or stress fractures later in life.