Micromechanisms of cortical bone failure under different loading conditions

Sharma, N. K.; Sharma, Swati; Rathi, Apoorv; Kumar, Abhinav; Saini, Karan Vir; Sarker, M. D.; Naghieh, Saman; Ning, Liqun; Chen, Xiongbiao

Affiliations

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada

²Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583

³Chair of Applied Mechanics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Bavaria 91058 Germany

⁴Division of Agricultural Engineering, IARI-ICAR, PUSA, New Delhi 110012, India

⁵Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3420 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6206

⁶Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada

Abstract and keywords

Bone being a hierarchical composite material has a structure varying from macro- to nanoscale. The arrangement of the components of bone material and the bonding between fibers and matrix gives rise to its unique material properties. In this study, the micromechanisms of cortical bone failure were examined under different loading conditions using scanning electron microscopy. The experimental tests were conducted in longitudinal and transverse directions of bone diaphysis under tensile as well as compressive loading. The results show that bone material has maximum stiffness under longitudinal tensile loading, while the strength is higher under transverse compressive loading. A reverse trend of compressive mechanical properties of bone is observed for longitudinal and transverse loading as compared to trends reported in the previous studies. Therefore, micromechanisms of cortical bone failure were analyzed for different loading conditions to reveal such type of behavior of cortical bone and to correlate bone microstructure with mechanical response of bone.

Keywords: bone; micromechanism; tensile loading; compressive loading; SEM

Links

DOI: 10.1115/1.4046688

PubMed: 32191275

WoS: 000561431000016

History

Received: 2018-12-08

Revised: 2019-12-13

Online: 2020-05-13

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