Nanoindentation characterization of the cement lines in ovine and bovine femurs

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Montalbano, Timothy^1,2; Feng, Gang¹

Nanoindentation characterization of the cement lines in ovine and bovine femurs

J Mater Res. April 28, 2011;26(8):1036-1041

©2011 Materials Research Society

Affiliations

¹Mechanical Engineering, Villanova University, Pennsylvania 19406

²Present address: Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, the University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
Abstract

It was observed that the cement line (CL), namely the border of the osteon in cortical bone, plays an important role in bone fracture: arresting and deflecting cracks. The underlying mechanism was speculated to be that each CL behaves as a weak interface, and thus, it attracts and deflects the bone cracks due to the debonding at the CL. This speculation of a weak CL has not been experimentally verified due to the CL’s challengingly small width. In this study, nanoindentation arrays were carefully conducted to characterize the CLs in ovine and bovine femurs. We found that the modulus and hardness of the CLs are about 30% less than those of the surrounding bone tissues in both species. Thus, for the first time, we characterized the mechanical properties of the CL and verified the speculation of a weak CL, providing a quantitative/constitutive basis for the theoretical modeling of bone micromechanics involving the CL.
Links

DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2011.46

WoS: 000292829000012
History

Received: 2010-09-19

Accepted: 2011-01-24

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Year	Entry
2019	Gustafsson A, Wallin M, Khayyeri H, Isaksson H. Crack propagation in cortical bone is affected by the characteristics of the cement line: a parameter study using an XFEM interface damage model. Biomech Model Mechanobiol. August 2019;18(4):1247-1261.
2016	Mirzaali MJ, Schwiedrzik JJ, Thaiwichai S, Best JP, Michler J, Zysset PK, Wolfram U. Mechanical properties of cortical bone and their relationships with age, gender, composition and microindentation properties in the elderly. Bone. December 2016;93:196-211.
2020	Wang M, Li S, vom Scheidt A, Qwamizadeh M, Busse B, Silberschmidt VV. Numerical study of crack initiation and growth in human cortical bone: effect of micro-morphology. Eng Fract Mech. June 1, 2020;232:107051.
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2017	Hernandez CJ, van der Meulen MCH. Understanding bone strength is not enough. J Bone Miner Res. June 2017;32(6):1157-1162.
2019	Gustafsson A, Khayyeri H, Wallin M, Isaksson H. An interface damage model that captures crack propagation at the microscale in cortical bone using XFEM. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. February 2019;90:556-565.
2022	Gustafsson A, Isaksson H. Phase field models of interface failure for bone application: evaluation of open-source implementations. Theor Appl Fract Mech. October 2022;121:103432.
2017	Wisner BJ. Damage Precursor Identification Via Microstructure-Sensitive Nondestructive Evaluation [PhD thesis]. Drexel University; June 2017.
2022	Rahovich P. Effects of Bone Structural Unit (BSU) Geometry and Material Properties on Crack Growth Through Idealized Trabecular Microstructures [Master's thesis]. Sudbury, ON: Laurentian University; 2022.
2013	Li S. Cutting of Cortical Bone Tissue: Analysis of Deformation and Fracture Process [PhD thesis]. Loughborough University; June 2013.
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2013	Toal VR. The Mechanics of Microdamage and Microfracture in Trabecular Bone [PhD thesis]. Brisbane, Australia: Queensland University of Technology; September 2013.
2024	Qalaj P. Finite Element Analysis of Nanoindentation Across Bone Interfaces and Effects on the Measured Mechanical Properties [Master's thesis]. Liège, Belgique: Université de Liège; 2024.