Effects of muscle tense on impact responses of lower extremity

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Sugiyama, Takahiko¹; Kimpara, Hideyuki¹; Iwamoto, Masami¹; Yamada, Daisuke¹; Nakahira, Yuko¹; Hada, Masatoshi¹

Effects of muscle tense on impact responses of lower extremity

Proceedings of the 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact

Affiliations

¹TOYOTA Central R&D Labs., Inc
Abstract and keywords

This paper describes investigation on the effects of muscle tense in bracing on impact responses of driver's lower extremity in frontal impacts. From an experimental volunteer test data using a male subject, 33 muscle activation levels of right lower extremity for his maximal voluntary contraction in pressing on a brake pedal were predicted by a musculoskeletal model and then used for a human FE model. Parametric studies on pedal impacts to the foot with three pre-impact muscular conditions reveal that activated thigh muscles can increase axial compressive force and possibility of bone fractures at the tibia.

Keywords: Muscle activation; Finite Element Method; Musculoskeletal Model; Bracing; Lower extremity

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2011	Iwamoto M, Nakahira Y, Sugiyama T. Investigation of pre-impact bracing effects for injury outcome using an active human FE model with 3D geometry of muscles. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 13-16, 2011; Washington, DC.
2011	Kemper AR, Beeman S, Duma SM. Effects of pre-impact bracing on chest deflection of human occupants in low speed frontal sled tests. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 13-16, 2011; Washington, DC.
2015	Östh J, Brolin K, Ólafsdóttir JM, Davidsson J, Pipkorn B, Jakobsson L, Törnvall F, Lindkvist M. Muscle activation strategies in human body models for the development of integrated safety. In: Proceedings of the 24th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 8-11, 2015; Gothenburg, Sweden.
2010	Kemper AR, Beeman SM, Duma SM. Chest deflection of relaxed and braced human occupants in low severity frontal sled tests and non-censored rib fracture data in high severity PMHS frontal sled tests. In: Proceedings of the 38th International Workshop on Human Subjects for Biomechanical Research. 2010.
2012	Ejima S, Ito D, Satou F, Mikami K, Ono K, Kaneoka K, Shiina I. Effects of pre‐impact swerving/steering on physical motion of the volunteer in the low‐speed side‐impact sled test. In: Proceedings of the 2012 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 12-14, 2012; Dublin, Ireland.352-366.
2022	Östh J, Larsson E, Jakobsson L. Human body model muscle activation influence on crash response. In: Proceedings of the 2022 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 14-16, 2022; Porto, Portugal.844-865.
2023	Iraeus J, Mishra E, Östh J. Comparison of average female and male active HBM responses in whole-sequence frontal crash simulations. In: Proceedings of the 2023 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 13-165, 2023; Cambridge, United Kingdom.819-842.
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2010	Östh J. Active Muscle Responses in a Finite Element Human Body Model [Licentiate thesis]. Götenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 2010.
2014	Östh J. Muscle Responses of Car Occupants: Numerical Modeling and Volunteer Experiments Under Pre-Crash Braking Conditions [PhD thesis]. Götenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 2014.
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