Kinematically based whiplash injury criterion

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Kuppa, Shashi¹; Saunders, James¹; Stammen, Jason¹; Mallory, Ann²

Kinematically based whiplash injury criterion

Proceedings of the 19th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV)

Affiliations

¹National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

²Transportation Research Center Inc., U.S.A
Abstract

NHTSA recently published the final rule that upgrades the FMVSS No. 202 head restraint standard (69 FR 74848). The rule provides requirements that would make head restraints higher and closer to the head so as to engage the head early in the event of a rear impact. The rule also has provisions for a rear impact sled test option with a Hybrid III dummy that is intended in particular for active head restraints that do not meet the head restraint position requirements.

This paper presents a whiplash injury criterion for use with the Hybrid III dummy in rear impacts and its application in rear impact tests. The injury risk curve, based on the head-to-torso rotation of the Hybrid III dummy, was developed using insurance claims data, and rear impact sled tests with the Hybrid III dummy. The feasibility of the application of this injury criterion in rear impact vehicle crash tests and sled tests has also been presented. The sled test data indicates that the developed whiplash injury criterion correctly predicts improved performance of head restraint and seat systems in the field.
Links

URL: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/esv/esv19/05-0211-O.pdf

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Cited By (6)

Year	Entry
2010	Schmitt K-U, Niederer PF, Muser MH, Walz F. Trauma Biomechanics: Accidental Injury in Traffic and Sports. 2nd ed. Deidelberg, Germany: Springer; 2010.
2009	Surcel M-D, Buzatu M-P, Vadean A. Numerical simulation for evaluating child occupant behaviour in the case of a rear impact. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 15-18, 2009; Stuttgart, Germany.
2011	Davidsson J, Kullgren A. Evaluation of seat performance criteria for rear-end impact testing. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). June 13-16, 2011; Washington, DC.
2007	Funk JR, Cormier JM, Bain CE, Guzman H, Bonugli E. An evaluation of various neck injury criteria in vigorous activities. In: Proceedings of the 2007 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 19-21, 2007; Maastricht, The Netherlands.233-248.
2021	Kang Y-S, Millis W, Thomas C, Stricklin J, Willis A, Pradhan V, Tesny A, Kwon HJ, Ramachandra R, Moorhouse K. Head-to-T1 relative rotation of the BioRID-II, Hybrid III, and post mortem human subjects with increased backsets in moderate-speed rear impacts. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury. September 8-10, 2021; Online.732-752.
2009	DeRosia JJ. Role of Gender and Size in Biomechanics of Rear Impact Wilwaukee, WI: Marquette University; May 2009.