Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes, I: mechanisms and risk factors

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Hewett, Timothy E.^1,2; Myer, Gregory D.¹; Ford, Kevin R.¹

Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes, I: mechanisms and risk factors

Am J Sports Med. February 2006;34(2):299-311

Affiliations

¹Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Sports Medicine Biodynamics Center and Human Performance Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio

²University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics, Orthopaedic Surgery, and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, Cincinnati, Ohio
Abstract and keywords

The mechanism underlying gender disparity in anterior cruciate ligament injury risk is likely multifactorial in nature. Several theories have been proposed to explain the mechanisms underlying the gender difference in anterior cruciate ligament injury rates. These theories include the intrinsic variables of anatomical, hormonal, neuromuscular, and biomechanical differences between genders and extrinsic variables. Identification of both extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors associated with the anterior cruciate ligament injury mechanism may provide direction for targeted prophylactic treatment to high-risk individuals.

Keywords: anterior cruciate ligament (ACL); injury mechanisms; biomechanics; female athlete
Links

DOI: 10.1177/0363546505284183

PubMed: 16423913

WoS: 000235006000018

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