Evaluation of human tolerance in frontal impacts

Césari, D.; Ramet, M.

Affiliations

¹Laboratoire des Chocs et de Biomécanique, Organisme National de Sécurité Routière (France)

Abstract

In this paper are analysed the results of ten accident reconstructions of 5 frontal actual car traffic accidents. These accidents involved 9 restrained occupants, and were reconstructed first with 50th percentile dummies and then with human cadavers.

The results of these reconstructions are analysed in order to compare the injuries sustained in real accident first, with the injury criteria values recorded on dummies, and second with injuries and injury criteria values found on cadavers.

The results show that an AIS 3 head injury in actual accident could correspond to a low value of HIC recorded on dummy, that there is a large scatter in chest injury criteria related to chest injuries, and that if we need a protection for almost all occupants in frontal impact, we have to choose chest injury criteria value lower than the proposed one.

Links

DOI: 10.4271/791032

SAE: 791032

Cited Works (3)

Year	Entry
1977	Friedel B. Research association for biomechanics at the Federal Highway Research Institute. In: Proceedings of the 1977 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 7-9, 1977; Berlin, Germany.412-420.
1975	Cesari D, Ramet M. Comparison between in-the-field accidents and reconstructed accidents with dummies and with cadavers. In: Proceedings of the 19th Stapp Car Crash Conference. November 17-19, 1975; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:167-193. SAE 751147.
1976	Eppinger RH. Prediction of thoracic injury using measurable experimental parameters. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). October 12-15, 1976; Washington, D.C.770-780.

Cited By (5)

Year	Entry
1982	Lestrelin D, Tarrière C, Walfisch G, Fayon A, Got C, Patel A, Hureau J. Proper use of HIC under different typical colllsion environments. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). November 1-4, 1982; Kyoto, Japan.321-336.
1985	Verriest J-P, Chapon A. Validity of thoracic injury criteria based on the number of rib fractures. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Technical Conference on Experimental Safety Vehicles (ESV). July 1-4, 1985; Oxford, England.124-132. SAE 856026.
1980	Wismans J, Cesari D, Maltha J, Ramet M. Evaluation of the expermental reconstructions of a real frontal collision with a mathematical model. In: Proceedings of the 1980 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 9-11, 1980; Birmingham, England.14-24.
1981	Gloyns PF, Rattenbury SJ, Rivlin AZ, Hayes HRM, Hanstead JK, Proctor S. Steering wheel induced head and facial injuries amongst drivers restrained by seat belts. In: Proceedings of the 1981 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Impact. September 8-10, 1981; Salon de Provence, France.30-48.
1983	Nusholtz GS, Melvin JW, Lux P. The influence of impact energy and direction on thoracic response. In: Proceedings of the 27th Stapp Car Crash Conference. October 17-19, 1983; San Diego, CA. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers:69-94. SAE 831606.