Functional properties of native articular cartilage

Ateshian, Gerard A.; Hung, Clark T.

Year	Entry
1994	Mente PL, Lewis JL. Elastic modulus of calcified cartilage is an order of magnitude less than that of subchondral bone. J Orthop Res. September 1994;12(5):637-647.
2001	Huang C-Y, Mow VC, Ateshian GA. The role of flow-independent viscoelasticity in the biphasic tensile and compressive responses of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. October 2001;123(5):410-417.
1977	Maroudas A, Venn M. Chemical composition and swelling of normal and osteoarthrotic femoral head cartilage, II: swelling. Ann Rheum Dis. 1977;36(5):399-406.
1976	Maroudas A. Balance between swelling pressure and collagen tension in normal and degenerate cartilage. Nature. April 29, 1976;260(5554):808-809.
1994	Ateshian GA, Lai WM, Zhu WB, Mow VC. An asymptotic solution for the contact of two biphasic cartilage layers. J Biomech. November 1994;27(11):1347-1360.
1995	Ateshian GA, Wang H. A theoretical solution for the frictionless rolling contact of cylindrical biphasic articular cartilage layers. J Biomech. November 1995;28(11):1341-1355.
1986	Brown TD, Singerman RJ. Experimental determination of the linear biphasic constitutive coefficients of human fetal proximal femoral chondroepiphysis. J Biomech. 1986;19(8):597-605.
1998	Ateshian GA, Wang H, Lai WM. The role of interstitial fluid pressurization and surface porosities on the boundary friction of articular cartilage. J Tribol. April 1998;120(2):241-248.
1983	Brown TD, Shaw DT. In vitro contact stress distributions in the natural human hip. J Biomech. 1983;16(6):373-384.
1992	Mow VC, Ratcliffe A, Robin Poole A. Cartilage and diarthrodial joints as paradigms for hierarchical materials and structures. Biomaterials. 1992;13(22):67-97.
1998	Setton LA, Tohyama H, Mow VC. Swelling and curling behaviors of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. June 1998;120(3):355-361.
1970	Maroudas A. Distribution and diffusion of solutes in articular cartilage. Biophys J. May 1970;10(5):365-379.
1997	Jurvelin JS, Buschmann MD, Hunziker EB. Optical and mechanical determination of Poisson's ratio of adult bovine humeral articular cartilage. J Biomech. March 1997;30(3):235-241.
1993	Setton LA, Zhu W, Mow VC. The biphasic poroviscoelastic behavior of articular cartilage: role of the surface zone in governing the compressive behavior. J Biomech. April–May 1993;26(4-5):581-592.
1994	Setton LA, Mow VC, Müller FJ, Pita JC, Howell DS. Mechanical properties of canine articular cartilage are significantly altered following transection of the anterior cruciate ligament. J Orthop Res. July 1994;12(4):451-463.
1995	Setton LA, Mow VC, Howell DS. Mechanical behavior of articular cartilage in shear is altered by transection of the anterior cruciate ligament. J Orthop Res. July 1995;13(4):473-482.
1997	Ateshian GA, Warden W, Kim JJ, Grelsamer RP, Mow VC. Finite deformation biphasic material properties of bovine articular cartilage from confined compression experiments. J Biomech. November–December 1997;30:1157.
1968	Maroudas A, Bullough P. Permeability of articular cartilage. Nature. September 21, 1968;219(5160):1260-1261.
1992	Hardingham TE, Fosang AJ. Proteoglycans: many forms and many functions. FASEB J. February 1992;6(3):861-870.
1986	Mak AF. The apparent viscoelastic behavior of articular cartilage: the contributions from the intrinsic matrix viscoelasticity and interstitial fluid flows. J Biomech Eng. May 1986;108(2):123-130.
1987	Mak AF, Lai WM, Mow VC. Biphasic indentation of articular cartilage, I: theoretical analysis. J Biomech. 1987;20(7):703-714.
1989	Sah RL-Y, Kim Y-J, Doong J-YH, Grodzinsky AJ, Plass AHK, Sandy JD. Biosynthetic response of cartilage explants to dynamic compression. J Orthop Res. 1989;7(5):619-636.
1995	Atkinson PJ, Haut RC. Subfracture insult to the human cadaver patellofemoral joint produces occult injury. J Orthop Res. November 1995;13(6):936-944.
1991	Kempson GE. Age-related changes in the tensile properties of human articular cartilage: a comparative study between the femoral head of the hip joint and the talus of the ankle joint. Biochim Biophys Acta. October 31, 1991;1075(3):223-230.
1997	Wu JZ, Herzog W, Epstein M. An improved solution for the contact of two biphasic cartilage layers. J Biomech. April 1997;30(4):371-375.
1998	Bachrach NM, Mow VC, Guilak F. Incompressibility of the solid matrix of articular cartilage under high hydrostatic pressures. J Biomech. May 1998;31(5):445-451.
1997	Ateshian GA. A theoretical formulation for boundary friction in articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. February 1997;119(1):81-86.
1989	Hou JS, Holmes MH, Lai WM, Mow VC. Boundary conditions at the cartilage-synovial fluid interface for joint lubrication and theoretical verifications. J Biomech Eng. February 1989;111(1):78-87.
1998	Wu JZ, Herzog W, Epstein M. Evaluation of the finite element software ABAQUS for biomechanical modelling of biphasic tissues. J Biomech. February 1998;31(2):165-169.
1979	Maroudas A. Physicochemical properties of articular cartilage. In: Freeman MAR, ed. Adult Articular Cartilage. 2nd ed. Kent, England: Pitman Medical; 1979:215-290.
1987	Frank EH, Grodzinsky AJ. Cartilage electromechanics, I: electrokinetic transduction and the effects of electrolyte pH and ionic strength. J Biomech. 1987;20(6):615-627.
1989	Mow VC, Gibbs MC, Lai WM, Zhu WB, Athanasiou KA. Biphasic indentation of articular cartilage, II: a numerical algorithm and an experimental study. J Biomech. 1989;22:853-861.
1980	Mow VC, Kuei SC, Lai WM, Armstrong CG. Biphasic creep and stress relaxation of articular cartilage in compression: theory and experiments. J Biomech Eng. February 1980;102(1):73-84.
1980	Mow VC, Lai WM. Recent developments in synovial joint biomechanics. SIAM Rev. 1980;22(3):275-317.
1976	Woo SL-Y, Akeson WH, Jemmott GF. Measurements of nonhomogeneous, directional mechanical properties of articular cartilage in tension. J Biomech. 1976;9(12):785-791.
1999	Soulhat J, Buschmann MD, Shirazi-Adl A. A fibril-network-reinforced biphasic model of cartilage in unconfined compression. J Biomech Eng. June 1999;121(3):340-347.
2000	Soltz MA, Ateshian GA. A conewise linear elasticity mixture model for the analysis of tension-compression nonlinearity in articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. December 2000;122(6):576-586.
2000	Soltz MA, Ateshian GA. Interstitial fluid pressurization during confined compression cyclical loading of articular cartilage. Ann Biomed Eng. February 2000;28(2):150-159.
1981	Lee RC, Frank EH, Grodzinsky AJ, Roylance DK. Oscillatory compressional behavior of articular cartilage and its associated electromechanical properties. J Biomech Eng. November 1981;103(2):280-292.
1982	Kempson GE. Relationship between the tensile properties of articular cartilage from the human knee and age. Ann Rheum Dis. October 1982;41(5):508-511.
1979	Woo S-Y, Lubock P, Gomez MA, Jemmott GF, Kuei SC, Akeson WH. Large deformation nonhomogeneous and directional properties of articular cartilage in uniaxial tension. J Biomech. 1979;12(6):437-446.
1983	Ahmed AM, Burke DL, Yu A. In-vitro of measurement of static pressure distribution in synovial joints, II: retropatellar surface. J Biomech Eng. August 1983;105(3):226-236.
1993	Zhu W, Mow VC, Koob TJ, Eyre DR. Viscoelastic shear properties of articular cartilage and the effects of glycosidase treatments. J Orthop Res. November 1993;11(6):771-781.
1967	Paul JP. Forces transmitted by joints in the human body. Proc Inst Mech Eng. 1967;181(pt 3J):8-15.
1989	Heinegård D, Oldberg Å. Structure and biology of cartilage and bone matrix noncollagenous macromolecules. FASEB J. July 1989;3(9):2042-2051.
1995	Li X, Haut RC, Altiero NJ. An analytical model to study blunt impact response of the rabbit P-F joint. J Biomech Eng. November 1995;117(4):485-491.
1965	Linn FC, Sokoloff L. Movement and composition of interstitial fluid of cartilage. Arthritis Rheum. August 1965;8(4):481-494.
1994	Guilak F, Ratcliffe A, Lane N, Rosenwasser MP, Mow VC. Mechanical and biochemical changes in the superficial zone of articular cartilage in canine experimental osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res. July 1994;12(4):474-484.
1962	McCutchen CW. The frictional properties of animal joints. Wear. January–February 1962;5(1):1-17.
1990	Eberhardt AW, Keer LM, Lewis JL, Vithoontien V. An analytical model of joint contact. J Biomech Eng. November 1990;112(4):407-413.
1984	Simon BR, Coats RS, Woo SL-Y. Relaxation and creep quasilinear viscoelastic models for normal articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. May 1984;106(2):159-164.
1977	Mow VC, Mansour JM. The nonlinear interaction between cartilage deformation and interstitial fluid flow. J Biomech. 1977;10(1):31-39.
1985	Holmes MH, Lai WM, Mow VC. Singular perturbation analysis of the nonlinear, flow-dependent compressive stress relaxation behavior of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. August 1985;107(3):206-218.
1995	Buschmann MD, Grodzinsky AJ. A molecular model of proteoglycan-associated electrostatic forces in cartilage mechanics. J Biomech Eng. May 1995;117(2):179-192.
1989	Haut RC. Contact pressures in the patellofemoral joint during impact loading on the human flexed knee. J Orthop Res. March 1989;7(2):272-280.
1968	Maroudas A, Bullough P, Swanson SAV, Freeman MAR. The permeability of articular cartilage. J Bone Joint Surg. February 1968;50B(1):166-177.
1998	Wren TAL, Carter DR. A microstructural model for the tensile constitutive and failure behavior of soft skeletal connective tissues. J Biomech Eng. February 1998;120(1):55-61.
1984	Armstrong CG, Lai WM, Mow VC. An analysis of the unconfined compression of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. May 1984;106(2):165-173.
2000	Lai WM, Mow VC, Sun DD, Ateshian GA. On the electric potentials inside a charged soft hydrated biological tissue: streaming potential versus diffusion potential. J Biomech Eng. August 2000;122(4):336-346.
1994	Schwartz MH, Leo PH, Lewis JL. A microstructural model for the elastic response of articular cartilage. J Biomech. July 1994;27(7):865-873.
1976	Torzilli PA, Mow VC. On the fundamental fluid transport mechanisms through normal and pathological articular cartilage during function, II: the analysis, solution and conclusions. J Biomech. 1976;9(9):587-606.
2001	Wang CC-B, Hung CT, Mow VC. An analysis of the effects of depth-dependent aggregate modulus on articular cartilage stress-relaxation behavior in compression. J Biomech. January 2001;34(1):75-84.
1998	Soltz MA, Ateshian GA. Experimental verification and theoretical prediction of cartilage interstitial fluid pressurization at an impermeable contact interface in confined compression. J Biomech. October 1998;31(10):927-934.
1995	Curnier A, He Q-C, Zysset P. Conewise linear elastic materials. J Elast. 1995;37(1):1-38.
1986	Mizrahi J, Maroudas A, Lanir Y, Ziv I, Webber TJ. The "instantaneous" deformation of cartilage: effects of collagen fiber orientation and osmotic stress. Biorheology. 1986;23(4):311-330.
1976	Hori RY, Mockros LF. Indentation tests of human articular cartilage. J Biomech. 1976;9(4):259-268.
1997	Khalsa PS, Eisenberg SR. Compressive behavior of articular cartilage is not completely explained by proteoglycan osmotic pressure. J Biomech. June 1997;30(6):589-594.
2000	Bursać P, McGrath CV, Eisenberg SR, Stamenović D. A microstructural model of elastostatic properties of articular cartilage in confined compression. J Biomech Eng. August 2000;122(4):347-353.
1998	Suh J-K, Bai S. Finite element formulation of biphasic poroviscoelastic model for articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. April 1998;120(2):195-201.
1993	Gu WY, Lai WM, Mow VC. Transport of fluid and ions through a porous-permeable charged-hydrated tissue, and streaming potential data on normal bovine articular cartilage. J Biomech. June 1993;26(6):709-723.
1990	Holmes MH, Mow VC. The nonlinear characteristics of soft gels and hydrated connective tissues in ultrafiltration. J Biomech. 1990;23(11):1145-1156.
1981	Grodzinsky AJ, Roth V, Myers E, Grossman WD, Mow VC. The significance of electromechanical and osmotic forces in the nonequilibrium swelling behavior of articular cartilage in tension. J Biomech Eng. November 1981;103(4):221-231.
1991	Athanasiou KA, Rosenwasser MP, Buckwalter JA, Malinin TI, Mow VC. Interspecies comparisons of in situ intrinsic mechanical properties of distal femoral cartilage. J Orthop Res. May 1991;9(3):330-340.
1999	Narmoneva DA, Wang JY, Setton LA. Nonuniform swelling-induced residual strains in articular cartilage. J Biomech. April 1999;32(4):401-408.
1998	Gu WY, Lai WM, Mow VC. A mixture theory for charged-hydrated soft tissues containing multi-electrolytes: passive transport and swelling behaviors. J Biomech Eng. April 1998;120(2):169-180.
1984	Brown TD, Shaw DT. In vitro contact stress distribution on the femoral condyles. J Orthop Res. 1984;2(2):190-199.
1994	Macirowski T, Tepic S, Mann RW. Cartilage stresses in the human hip joint. J Biomech Eng. February 1994;116(1):10-18.
1986	Schneiderman R, Keret D, Maroudas A. Effects of mechanical and osmotic pressure on the rate of glycosaminoglycan synthesis in the human adult femoral head cartilage: an in vitro study. J Orthop Res. 1986;4(4):393-408.
1968	Weiss C, Rosenberg L, Helfet AJ. An ultrastructural study of normal young adult human articular cartilage. J Bone Joint Surg. June 1968;50A(4):663-674.
1980	Woo SL-Y, Simon BR, Kuei SC, Akeson WH. Quasi-linear viscoelastic properties of normal articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. May 1980;102(2):85-90.
1971	Hayes WC, Mockros LF. Viscoelastic properties of human articular cartilage. J Appl Physiol. October 1971;31(4):562-568.
1972	Hayes WC, Keer LM, Herrmann G, Mockros LF. A mathematical analysis for indentation tests of articular cartilage. J Biomech. September 1972;5(5):541-551.
1995	Haut RC, Ide TM, De Camp CE. Mechanical responses of the rabbit patello-femoral joint to blunt impact. J Biomech Eng. November 1995;117(4):402-408.
1998	Basser PJ, Schneiderman R, Bank RA, Wachtel E, Maroudas A. Mechanical properties of the collagen network in human articular cartilage as measured by osmotic stress technique. Arch Biochem Biophys. March 15, 1998;351(2):207-219.
1985	Eisenberg SR, Grodzinsky AJ. Swelling of articular cartilage and other connective tissues: electromechanochemical forces. J Orthop Res. 1985;3(2):148-159.
1995	Guilak F, Ratcliffe A, Mow VC. Chondrocyte deformation and local tissue strain in articular cartilage: a confocal microscopy study. J Orthop Res. May 1995;13(3):410-421.
1987	Eisenberg SR, Grodzinsky AJ. The kinetics of chemically induced nonequilibrium swelling of articular cartilage and corneal stroma. J Biomech Eng. February 1987;109(1):79-89.
1976	Mansour JM, Mow VC. The permeability of articular cartilage under compressive strain and at high pressures. J Bone Joint Surg. June 1976;58A(4):509-516.
1976	Malcom LL. An Experimental Investigation of the Frictional and Deformational Responses of Articular Cartilage Interfaces to Static and Dynamic Loading [PhD thesis]. San Diego (UCSD), University of California; 1976.
1994	Kim Y-J, Sah RLY, Grodzinsky AJ, Plaas AHK, Sandy JD. Mechanical regulation of cartilage biosynthetic behavior: physical stimuli. Arch Biochem Biophys. May 1994;311(1):1-12.
1994	Zhu W, Chern KY, Mow VC. Anisotropic viscoelastic shear properties of bovine meniscus. Clin Orthop Relat Res. September 1994;306:34-45.
1980	Fukubayashi T, Kurosawa H. The contact area and pressure distribution pattern of the knee: a study of normal and osteoarthrotic knee joints. Acta Orthop Scand. December 1980;51(5):871-879.
1978	Grodzinsky AJ, Lipshitz H, Glimcher MJ. Electromechanical properties of articular cartilage during compression and stress relaxation. Nature. October 5, 1978;275(5679):448-450.
2000	Mauck RL, Soltz MA, Wang CCB, Wong DD, Chao P-HG, Valhmu WB, Hung CT, Ateshian GA. Functional tissue engineering of articular cartilage through dynamic loading of chondrocyte-seeded agarose gels. J Biomech Eng. June 2000;122(3):252-260.
1980	Kurosawa H, Fukubayashi T, Nakajima H. Load-bearing mode of the knee joint: physical behavior of the knee joint with or without menisci. Clin Orthop Relat Res. June 1980;149:283-290.
1996	Forster H, Fisher J. The influence of loading time and lubricant on the friction of articular cartilage. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part H-J Eng Med. 1996;210(2):109-119.
1999	Donzelli PS, Spilker RL, Ateshian GA, Mow VC. Contact analysis of biphasic transversely isotropic cartilage layers and correlations with tissue failure. J Biomech. October 1999;32(10):1037-1047.
1996	Wu JZ, Herzog W, Ronsky J. Modeling axi-symmetrical joint contact with biphasic cartilage layers: an asymptotic solution. J Biomech. October 1996;29(10):1263-1281.
1981	Lai WM, Mow VC, Roth V. Effects of nonlinear strain-dependent permeability and rate of compression on the stress behavior of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. May 1981;103(2):61-66.
1980	Lai WM, Mow VC. Drag-induced compression of articular cartilage during a permeation experiment. Biorheology. 1980;17(1-2):111-123.
1987	Frank EH, Grodzinsky AJ. Cartilage electromechanics, II: a continuum model of cartilage electrokinetics and correlation with experiments. J Biomech. 1987;20(6):629-639.
1987	Frank EH, Grodzinsky AJ, Koob TJ, Eyre DR. Streaming potentials: a sensitive index of enzymatic degradation in articular cartilage. J Orthop Res. 1987;5(4):497-508.
1990	Schmidt MB, Mow VC, Chun LE, Eyre DR. Effects of proteoglycan extraction on the tensile behavior of articular cartilage. J Orthop Res. May 1990;8(3):353-363.
1999	Buschmann MD, Kim Y-J, Wong M, Frank E, Hunziker EB, Grodzinsky AJ. Stimulation of aggrecan synthesis in cartilage explants by cyclic loading is localized to regions of high interstitial fluid flow1. Arch Biochem Biophys. June 1, 1999;366(1):1-7.
1998	Buschmann MD, Soulhat J, Shirazi-Adl A, Jurvelin JS, Hunziker EB. Confined compression of articular cartilage: linearity in ramp and sinusoidal tests and the importance of interdigitation and incomplete confinement. J Biomech. February 1998;31(2):171-178.
1982	Armstrong CG, Mow VC. Variations in the intrinsic mechanical properties of human articular cartilage with age, degeneration, and water content. J Bone Joint Surg. 1982;64A(1):88-94.
1984	Huberti HH, Hayes WC. Patellofemoral contact pressures: the influence of Q-angle and tendofemoral contact. J Bone Joint Surg. June 1984;66A(5):715-724.
1990	Kwan MK, Lai WM, Mow VC. A finite deformation theory for cartilage and other soft hydrated connective tissues, I: equilibrium results. J Biomech. 1990;23(2):145-155.
1983	Ahmed AM, Burke DL. In-vitro of measurement of static pressure distribution in synovial joints, I: tibial surface of the knee. J Biomech Eng. August 1983;105(3):216-225.
1991	Wayne JS, Woo SL-Y, Kwan MK. Application of the u-p finite element method to the study of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. November 1991;113(4):397-403.
1992	Spilker RL, Suh J-K, Mow VC. A finite element analysis of the indentation stress-relaxation response of linear biphasic articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. May 1992;114(2):191-201.
1990	Spilker RL, Suh J-K, Mow VC. Effects of friction on the unconfined compressive response of articular cartilage: a finite element analysis. J Biomech Eng. May 1990;112(2):138-146.
1991	Eberhardt AW, Lewis JL, Keer LM. Normal contact of elastic spheres with two elastic layers as a model of joint articulation. J Biomech Eng. November 1991;113(4):410-417.
1978	Venn MF. Variation of chemical composition with age in human femoral head cartilage. Ann Rheum Dis. April 1978;37(2):168-174.
1991	Lai WM, Hou JS, Mow VC. A triphasic theory for the swelling and deformation behaviors of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. August 1991;113(3):245-258.
1981	Maroudas A, Bannon C. Measurement of swelling pressure in cartilage and comparison with the osmotic pressure of constituent proteoglycans. Biorheology. 1981;18:619-632.
1971	Kempson GE, Freeman MAR, Swanson SAV. The determination of a creep modulus for articular cartilage from indentation tests on the human femoral head. J Biomech. July 1971;4(4):239-250.
1973	Kempson GE, Muir H, Pollard C, Tuke M. The tensile properties of the cartilage of human femoral condyles related to the content of collagen and glycosaminoglycans. Biochim Biophys Acta. February 28, 1973;297(2):456-472.
1976	Kempson GE, Tuke MA, Dingle JT, Barrett AJ, Horsefield PH. The effects of proteolytic enzymes on the mechanical properties of adult human articular cartilage. Biochim Biophys Acta. May 28, 1976;428(3):741-760.
1999	Mow VC, Wang CC-B. Some bioengineering considerations for tissue engineering of articular cartilage. Clin Orthop Relat Res. October 1999;367(suppl):S204-S223.
1998	Cohen B, Lai WM, Mow VC. A transversely isotropic biphasic model for unconfined compression of growth plate and chondroepiphysis. J Biomech Eng. August 1998;120(4):491-496.
1968	Kempson GE, Freeman MAR, Swanson SAV. Tensile properties of articular cartilage. Nature. December 14, 1968;220(5172):1127-1128.
1999	Bursać PM, Obitz TW, Eisenberg SR, Stamenovic D. Confined and unconfined stress relaxation of cartilage: appropriateness of a transversely isotropic analysis. J Biomech. October 1999;32(10):1125-1130.
1969	Maroudas A, Muir H, Wingham J. The correlation of fixed negative charge with glycosaminoglycan content of human articular cartilage. Biochim Biophys Acta. May 6, 1969;177(3):492-500.
1978	Hayes WC, Bodine AJ. Flow-independent viscoelastic properties of articular cartilage matrix. J Biomech. 1978;11(8-9):407-419.
1979	Armstrong CG, Bahrani AS, Gardner DL. In vitro measurement of articular cartilage deformations in the intact human hip joint under load. J Bone Joint Surg. July 1979;61A(5):744-755.
1998	Atkinson TS, Haut RC, Altiero NJ. Impact-induced fissuring of articular cartilage: an investigation of failure criteria. J Biomech Eng. April 1998;120(2):181-187.
1998	Atkinson TS, Haut RC, Altiero NJ. An investigation of biphasic failure criteria for impact-induced fissuring of articular cartilage. J Biomech Eng. August 1998;120(4):536-537.
1987	Akizuki S, Mow VC, Muller F, Pita JC, Howell DS. Tensile properties of human knee joint cartilage, II: correlations between weight bearing and tissue pathology and the kinetics of swelling. J Orthop Res. 1987;5(2):173-186.
1986	Akizuki S, Mow VC, Müller F, Pita JC, Howell DS, Manicourt DH. Tensile properties of human knee joint cartilage, I: influence of ionic conditions, weight bearing, and fibrillation on the tensile modulus. J Orthop Res. 1986;4(4):379-392.
1995	Kim Y-J, Bonassar LJ, Grodzinsky AJ. The role of cartilage streaming potential, fluid flow and pressure in the stimulation of chondrocyte biosynthesis during dynamic compression. J Biomech. September 1995;28(9):1055-1066.
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1977	Venn M, Maroudas A. Chemical composition and swelling of normal and osteoarthrotic femoral head cartilage, I: chemical composition. Ann Rheum Dis. 1977;36(2):121-129.

Year	Entry
2002	Mauck RL, Seyhan SL, Ateshian GA, Hung CT. Influence of seeding density and dynamic deformational loading on the developing structure/function relationships of chondrocyte-seeded agarose hydrogels. Ann Biomed Eng. September 2002;30(8):1046-1056.
2004	Hung CT, Mauck RL, Wang CC-B, Lima EG, Ateshian GA. A paradigm for functional tissue engineering of articular cartilage via applied physiologic deformational loading. Ann Biomed Eng. January 2004;32(1):35-49.
2003	Mauck RL, Wang CC-B, Oswald ES, Ateshian GA, Hung CT. The role of cell seeding density and nutrient supply for articular cartilage tissue engineering with deformational loading. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. December 2003;11(12):879-890.
2003	Mauck RL, Nicoll SB, Seyhan SL, Ateshian GA, Hung CT. Synergistic action of growth factors and dynamic loading for articular cartilage tissue engineering. Tissue Eng. August 2003;9(4):597-611.
2003	Mauck RL. Functional Tissue Engineering of Articular Cartilage: The Effect of Physical Forces on the in Vitro Growth of Engineered Constructs [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2003.
2008	Lima EG. The Tissue-Engineering of Functional Osteochondral Constructs for Cartilage Repair [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2008.
2008	Ng KW. Biomimetic Engineered Cartilage: Recreating the in Vivo Collagen Network and Depth-Dependent Inhomogeneity [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2008.
2014	Tan AR. Towards Clinical Use of Engineered Tissues for Cartilage Repair [PhD thesis]. Columbia University; 2014.
2011	Garrigues NW II. Electrospun Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Methods to Affect Anisotropy, Material, and Cellular Infiltration [PhD thesis]. Duke University; 2011.
2010	Schrobback K. In Vitro Cultivation of Adult Human Chondrocytes: Importance of Culture System, Oxygen and Zonal Differences [PhD thesis]. Queensland University of Technology; 2010.
2008	Revell CM. Characterization of Chondrocytic Differentiation and Optimization of a Self-Assembling Process for Tissue Engineering of Articular Cartilage [PhD thesis]. Houston, TX: Rice University; April 2008.
2010	Huang AH. Enhancing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Chondrogenesis for Cartilage Tissue Engineering [PhD thesis]. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania; 2010.